First of all, chapter one introduces about “What is the politic?” and “Elements of power”. Theory is used to give us answer to questions that are accepted as being true. The use of theory enables us to learn from the work of others to save us time and effort by not forcing us to re-invent the basic principles of our field of study. In Political Science, we use power. Political scientists investigate power and people’s behavior surrounding government. Power is the ability to get someone to do what you want them to do. The invention of government was conceived because of the need for people to protect themselves from the forces of anarchy. Anarchy can be defined as the absence of a central enforcement mechanism. In an anarchical environment people have conflict because of the clash of interests. Conflict plays an important role in understanding politics and government. We have conflict because of differences n the beliefs of right and wrong, differences in goals for society, and the distribution of limited resources.
In differences in the beliefs of right and wrong, these clashes concern areas of abortion, same sex marriage, and school prayer. The two sides in all of these issues have the same perspectives called “Orthodox” and “Progressive”. The orthodox perspective believes there is an absolute right and wrong way of behavior. Another side, the progressive perspective believes there is not really an absolute right or wrong. There are behaviors that ensure we live in a civilized society. Progressives will question the environment of which the behavior is performed. One must look at the sociological, economic and environmental characteristics in order to judge a person’s behavior. We see the different perspectives in action when we discuss the major issues in this debate between orthodox and progressive perspectives. However, the progressive should not be seen as