...drug in the world. In its pure form it is a colourless and tasteless liquid that is produced by fermentation. It is legal to sell alcohol, in the form of beer, wines or spirits in correctly licensed premises to over 18 year olds. Acording to the UK Border Agency in the last week of November 2010 over 300,000 litres of beer, cider, wine and spirits worth over £1million, were seized at ports across the south of England alone. The alcohol was detained because it is believed that the traders involved were attempting to avoid paying excise duty & VAT. Had the alcohol not been seized it is believed that it would have been sold on the black market resulting in over £900,000 of revenue being lost to HM Treasury. Amphetamines are synthetic stimulants, under the Medicines Act they are Prescription Only Drugs. In powder, tablet or capsule form they are a class B drugs but if prepared for injection become class A. Methamphetamine can be smoked, snorted, orally digested or injected. Speed is the most common amphetamine and is usually found in powder form, Base is an oily, sticky or waxy paste and Ice (crystal methamphetamine) comes in crystal or crystalline powder form, overall purity can range between 1 and 99% with an average of around 43%. The majority of amphetamines consumed in the UK are actually produced in the UK in secret laboratories that can be quite small and highly mobile. Amphetamines fall into the category of Party Drugs and would be used and supplied by some people...
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...In this essay I will describe how the small country of Djibouti, that is often referred to as the “forgotten country” is plagued with drug addiction, poverty, and a high mortality rate. First, Djibouti is plagued with a drug addiction to an opiate based drug called Khat. This drug is a drought tolerant shrub that’s leaves contain a powerful stimulant. The leaves are traditionally chewed and held in the cheek of the user. Khat is popular at every level of society, from beggars on the street to the president of Djibouti; Ismail Omar Guelleh. The khat addiction also plays a huge role of desensitizing the entire population of Djibouti. This small country’s passionate affair with khat has elevated this dry, hot and predominately Muslim area on the Horn of Africa to more than just your average narco-state. Djibouti is not like any other country. Even though Khat isn’t a narcotic, Djibouti is the only country in the world that fits the definition of a narco-society. This is a place where the drug is not a business but a way of life. Khat is literally the drug of choice for ninety-nine percent of the male Djibouti population. Second, the poverty in Djibouti is overwhelming. Djibouti endured a Civil War from 1991 to 1994 which had devastating effects on the economy. Djibouti’s main source of income for the country comes from the port where it handles all of the land locked country of Ethiopia’s Crockett 2 imports and exports. Since the modernization of the port to handle large...
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...passed on to an organism from its parents the information are said to be inherited. Most cells have a nucleus, which is a part of the cell that controls it. The nucleus contains chromosomes which are huge molecules of DNA found inside the nucleus of the cells. A chromosome consists of a string of genes. A gene carries an instruction. It’s the section of a chromosome that controls inherited characteristics of an organism and carries genetic information. Each gene is a length of DNA. DNA is a long coiled molecule which can unzip and copy itself when a cell divides. It also carries the genetic code and makes up the chromosomes. Sex cells-egg: In female the sex cells are called eggs. Eggs are produced in sex organs called ovaries. Sex cells-sperm: In males the sex cells are called sperm. Sperm are produced in sex organs called testes. Sex cells are also called gametes. They contain half the genetic information for a new organism. The process of fusing a male gamete with a female gamete is called fertilization and the fertilized egg contains information from the father and...
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...Methamphetamine also known as meth, chalk, ice, and crystal, is a powerful, highly addictive stimulant that affects the the whole human body. Meth is a white, odorless, bitter, powder that can be inhaled, injected, smoked and ingested. It was developed in the early 20th century from its “parent drug”, amphetamine, and was used originally as to treat nasal problems before it was used for recreational purposes. Meth causes the user to experience a sense euphoria, but aswell cause paranoia, decreased appetite, and leaves permanent and irreversible damages on the user’s body. Meth has been classified by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration as a Schedule II stimulant, which makes it legally available only through a nonrefillable prescription...
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...DRUGS AND ALCOHOL Introduction The use and misuse of alcohol and other non-prescription drugs is one of the more controversial issues in our society, and often a source of conflict between generations and between sections of society. It’s not the purpose of this page – or of the NTU student counselling service – to tell people how to behave or to seek to label them as alcohol or drug abusers. However alcohol and other drugs are powerful substances with a potential to harm users; we would encourage people to take care of themselves when considering using them and to avoid taking any risks which they might regret later. No universal classifications ignore the fact that significant alcohol and drug use is an accepted part of many social groups. What is seen as risky or inappropriate behaviour by one group is accepted as normal by another. Use of drink and drugs can be classified as – 1. Abstinent – no use is made 2. Controlled – people have made a conscious decision have evaluated the risks and can stop if they want. 3. Impulsive – use is unpredictable and can lead to unexpected accidents and harm. However this is not continual or dependent use. 4. Habitual – the use of alcohol or drugs have become a significant and important part of the person’s lifestyle. Stopping would not be easy. 5. Dependent – there is a high degree of physical and psychological addiction. Alcohol and drug use disrupts or rules the person’s life. Stopping is not possible without considerable support...
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...Drug Analysis Kaplan University Danielle DeCook CJ 411 Drugs and Alcohol in the Criminal Justice System Professor Deborah Robinson February 28, 2012 Depressants, Stimulants, and Hallucinogens have many similarities and differences but the main commonality is they are all highly addictive. Depressants are considered downers; they are sedating drugs that depress the Central Nervous System. An example of depressant would be heroin. Heroin is an opioid - a very powerful painkiller. The body and the brain are packed with opioid receptors meant for endorphins, the body's own natural pain-killing substances produced in emergency moments of shock or injury. The body also produces this substance when an individual is engaging in physical activity. Endorphins are also produced when a person is under stress. Heroin mimics endorphins and binds rapidly with endorphin receptors, extending and magnifying their natural painkilling effect (NIDA 1986). The result is a surge of pleasurable sensation, or "rush." This rush is usually accompanied by a warm feeling and a sense of well-being. Humans are pleasure-seeking entities, and are naturally attracted to things that make them feel good. The effects are rapid but will depend on the method of ingestion. Intravenous injection provides the greatest intensity and the most rapid onset of euphoria (7 to 8 seconds). Intra-muscular injection produces a relatively slow onset (between 5 to 8 minutes). Sniffing or smoking usually provides peak effects...
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...[pic]Drug dependence - Overview Alternative Names Drug addiction; Addiction - drug; Dependence on drugs Definition of Drug dependence: Drug dependence means that a person needs a drug to function normally. Abruptly stopping the drug leads to withdrawal symptoms. Drug addiction is the compulsive use of a substance, despite its negative or dangerous effects. A person may have a physical dependence on a substance without having an addiction. For example, certain blood pressure medications do not cause addiction but they can cause physical dependence. Other drugs, such as cocaine, cause addiction without leading to physical dependence. Tolerance to a drug (needing a higher dose to attain the same effect) is usually part of addiction. Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Drug abuse can lead to drug dependence or addiction. People who use drugs for pain relief may become dependent, although this is rare in those who don't have a history of addiction. The exact cause of drug abuse and dependence is not known. However, a person's genes, the action of the drug, peer pressure, emotional distress, anxiety, depression, and environmental stress all can be factors. Peer pressure can lead to drug use or abuse, but at least half of those who become addicted have depression, attention deficit disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, or another mental health problem. Children who grow up in an environment of illicit drug use may first see their parents using drugs. This may put them at a...
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...importance of the placenta | | 2.5 | The role of the following hormone during birth and lactation | | | Reference | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Sexual Reproduction Like all living things, humans have to reproduce to ensure the survival of the species. Reproduction is the role of the reproductive system. The female reproductive system lies mainly inside the body, whereas much of the male system is outside the body. Each reproductive system produce special cells, the sex cells called gametes (sperms and eggs). From these gametes, the typical traits of the parents are conveyed to their brood. The genes are the one that stored the hereditary information on the chromosomes inside the nucleus of a sex cell. The gametes are haploid cells produced by sexually reproducing male and female brought together following sexual intercourse. If female and male sex cells meet, they fuse during fertilization into single cell called zygote, which develops into a new human being, made up of billions of cells. Half of which contain genes from the male and half of which contain...
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...mostly genetic skindisorders. All types of ichthyosis have dry, thickened, scaly or flaky skin.[1] In many types there is cracked skin,[2] which is said to resemble the scales on a fish; the word ichthyosis comes from the Ancient Greek ιχθύς (ichthys), meaning "fish. Fragile X syndrome (FXS), Martin–Bell syndrome, orEscalante's syndrome (more commonly used in South American countries), is a genetic syndrome that is the most commonly known single-gene cause of autism and the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability Turner syndrome or Ullrich-Turner syndrome (also known as "Gonadal dysgenesis"[1]:550) encompasses several conditions in human females, of which monosomyX (absence of an entire sex chromosome, the Barr body) is most common. It is a chromosomal abnormality in which all or part of one of the sex chromosomes is absent (unaffected humans have 46...
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...JUICER RECIPES Apple Celery Juice is made up of celery, apple, carrot and some honey. It’s believe that celery apply juice has weight loss function. As we know, Celery has high level of dietary fibre that able to help in weight loss diet and Apple also able to help in speed up the weight loss process. Besides this, carrot also contain high level of beta carotene (antioxidant) help you to stay young! Ingredients for Celery Apple Juice:- * 2 stalks Celery * 1 Apple * 60g of carrot * 1~2 teaspoon of honey Preparation steps for celery apple juice:- * Clean the celery, carrot and apple * Remove the skin for apple, and carrot * Cut celery, carrot and apple into small pieces * Put all the pieces into juicer for juicing * Once done, Apple Celery Juice is ready to be served Melon mango juice contain high Vitamin A which is good for human eyes. Vitamin A from fruits and vegetable contain antioxidant properties, which helps to protects cells from the daily toxic damage of oxidation. It’s also believe that melon mango juice is able to release the tiredness of the eyes. If you work long hours in front of computer or books, it’s good to give melon mango juice a try Ingredient for Melon Mango Juice Recipe:- * 100g of Mango flesh * 1 slice of melon * 180ml of milk Preparation steps for Melon Mango Juice:- * Cut mango flesh and melon into smaller pieces * Put the fruits and milk into the fruits blender * Blend...
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...plant embryo formation. The Honeybee uses pollen as a food. Pollen is one of the richest and purest natural foods, consisting of up to 35% protein, 10% sugars, carbohydrates, enzymes, minerals, and vitamins A (carotenes), B1 (thiamin), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (nicotinic acid), B5 (panothenic acid), C (ascorbic acid), H (biotin), and R (rutine). Honey Honey is used by the bees for food all year round. There are many types, colors and flavors of honey, depending upon its nectar source. The bees make honey from the nectar they collect from flowering trees and plants. Honey is an easily digestible, pure food. Honey is hydroscopic and has antibacterial qualities. Eating local honey can fend off allergies. Beeswax Secreted from glands, beeswax is used by the honeybee to build honey comb. It is used by humans in drugs, cosmetics, artists' materials, furniture polish and candles. Propolis Collected by honeybees from trees, the sticky resin is mixed with wax to make a sticky glue. The bees use this to seal cracks and repair their hive. It is used by humans as a health aid, and as the basis for fine wood varnishes. Royal Jelly The powerful, milky substance that turns an ordinary bee into a Queen Bee. It is made of digested pollen and honey or nectar mixed with a chemical secreted from a gland in a nursing bee's head. It commands premium prices rivaling imported caviar, and is used by some as a dietary supplement and fertility stimulant. It is loaded with all of the B vitamins. Bee...
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...According to Drugs and Society, hallucinogenic drugs are “substances that alter sensory processing in the brain, causing perceptual disturbances, changes in thought processing, and depersonalization” (Hanson 372). Hallucinogens have been used both ritually and recreationally by people for thousands of years—dating back to evidence of psilocybin mushroom use in 5000 B.C. “Humans on all continents, and likely since very ancient times, have utilized plant and animal substances to produce dramatically powerful altered states. In many examples, drug use for religious purposes has been carried out not by everyday participants but by specialists… who control the spirit world for the benefit of their community” (Myers-Moro 187). Shamans are trained in controlling their altered state of consciousness and use hallucinogenic substances during rituals to come into contact with local spirits. Ayahuasca, peyote, and DMT derived from the San Pedro cactus are hallucinogenic substances used ritually cross culturally. It is noted that, as with any hallucinogenic drug, set, setting, and one’s expectations has an effect on how the drug...
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... Acknowledgements First of all I would like to acknowledge to my parents , teachers and classmates for their support and cooperation which help me in completion with this project and I would like to express my special gratitude to the industry for giving me such attention and time. My thanks and appreciation also go to my colleague in developing the project and people who have willingly helped me out with the use of their abilities I- Introduction A drug is a substance which may have medicinal, intoxicating, performance enhancing or other effects when taken or put into a human body or the body of another animal and is not considered a food or exclusively a food. What is considered a drug rather than a food varies between cultures, and distinctions between drugs and foods and between kinds of drug are enshrined in laws which vary between jurisdictions and aim to restrict or prevent drug use. Even within a jurisdiction, however, the status of a substance may be uncertain or contested with respect to both whether it is a drug and how it should be classified if at all. There is no single, precise definition, as there are different meanings in drug control law, government regulations, medicine, and...
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...Anthropology Lecture 1 introduction Common Misconceptions with Drugs . The effect of a drug is caused solely by its pharmacological properties and effects. . Some drugs are instantly addictive . The gateway/ stepping stone theory - the use of 1 drug leads to the use of other more dangerous drugs What are drugs ? Krivanek's definition : Drugs are substances that are introduced into the body knowingly but not as food. Therefore illicit drugs, legal recreational drugs and legal but regulated pharmaceutical drugs that aren't recreational at all. - Whether if a drug is considered bad and is prohibited depends on the culture of the society in a particular period. What is culture ? The definition of culture = Through Roger keesing and Andrew Strathern's definition it is a system of shared ideas, rules and meanings that underlie and are expressed in the ways that human live. - This includes : law, beliefs, political economy, media and popular culture - this perceives ideas about what is normal and abnormal to society. " Culture is always changing and contested, not unified" Enthography as a method for studying drug use It is a process of observing, recoding and describing other peoples way of life through intimate participation the community being studied". - Participation observation, involving yourself in the life of the community , taking up the life of the other person, observing their actions, asking questions and learning what questions...
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...CHAPTER 1 THE MAN WHO “THOUGHT” HIS WAY INTO PARTNERSHIP WITH THOMAS A. EDISO Mr. Edwin Barnes a man who only wanted to have a partnership with Mr. Thomas Edison instead of working for himself. At first, he failed to be a partner of Mr. Edison, but he started as a worker for him. Mr. Edison make a new device named “EDIPHONE”, many salesman said that to sell those devices every need to exert much effort. But Mr. Edwin Barnes decided to have a partnership with Mr. Barnes Their business become successful and earned a lot of money but before achieving that, they think something new and done a lot of things. 3 Feet from the Gold There was a man who really gold fever, he was the uncle of Darby. Until the time come he was rewarded by the discovery of the shining awe, but he need money to buy a machine and equipment. One time the vein of gold disappeared. Darby and his uncle decide to stop it and sold all the machineries they bought to a junk man. And that junk man decided to continue what the first man began, he consult to an expert on mining and took a lot of money. Whenever we experience failure, and quit on it, we will never achieve anything. Move on and ignore does failure because that failure is an opportunity an opportunity to learn something from our failure this is a lesson after Darby and his uncle lost the opportunity. 50 Cent Lesson in Persistence After losing a huge fortune on mining business, Darby and his uncle continued finding another fortune. One day there...
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