...PRABHAR OIL Lube industry (PSU vs. PVT)MARKET share • Foreign players entry in Indian lube market during 1992-93 (liberalization) • Import duties fall 85 % to 25% also drives the growth • Market share of PSUs has been decreased to 48% in 1999-2000 because of MNC players entry and increased competition 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 PSU Private Sector Pre-liberalization Post-liberalization Opportunity • Growing disposal income, Lifestyle and improved infrastructures are few growth opportunity factors in future • India is 2nd largest Two wheeler producer and fourth largest commercial vehicle market globally with fastest growing market in the world with a growth expectation of CAGR 9.5% till 2010 • Migration of Two wheeler segments to four wheeler segments is the growth driver of fuel demand • Brake oil and coolant oil are another large segment is expected to grow with introduction of new brake system and advanced gear technology and automatic transmission system (ATS) Lube market size in India • Fifth largest market in the world in terms of volume with 17000 • • • • • • Cr in 2009 Broadly divided into 3 major categories Automotive (67%),Industrial and Marine & Energy Applications (23%) Automotive is further classified into CI Engines (Diesel Engine) with 70% Market share and SI Engine (Lubes and petrol Engines) with 30% market share Industry is led by 4 major players with 70% market share i.e IOC, Castrol, HPCL & BPCL, remaining...
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...McDonald’s for failing to reduce the amount of trans fat the company used in its cooking process. In 2002, McDonald’s had publicly announced that, by February 2003, they would voluntarily begin using an “improved cooking oil” to prepare their fried foods. Do so would significantly reduce the amount of trans fat in their products by 48% ("Mcdonald's exposed for," 2004). McDonald’s withdrew their promise and did not switch over to a cooking oil with less trans fat, nor did they reveal to consumers that the conversion did not take place. The company claims that they changed their minds when customers began complaining that they did not want the taste of McDonald’s food to change (Horovitz, 2007). BTF accused McDonald’s of false advertising, deceiving consumers, and not taking the health of their consumers into consideration. In their lawsuit, BTF claimed that “McDonald's failed to make clear to customers that the type of oil used to fry its foods (which contains TFAs) had not been changed” ("Responsible shopper," 2005). BTF did not seek monetary damages, they only asked that McDonald’s publicize their failure to switch over to the healthier cooking oil and make that conversion as soon as possible. McDonald’s claimed that it was taking longer than expected to change to a new oil, but they were working on implementing the exchange. They did not provide any information as to how long they expected this to take. The company’s Chief Operating Officer stated that, "While speedy implementation...
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...Organic oils Organic oils are produced in remarkable diversity by plants, animals, and other organisms through natural metabolic processes. Lipid is the scientific term for the fatty acids, steroids and similar chemicals often found in the oils produced by living things, while oil refers to an overall mixture of chemicals. Organic oils may also contain chemicals other than lipids, including proteins, waxes and alkaloids. Lipids can be classified by the way that they are made by an organism, their chemical structure and their limited solubility in water compared to oils. They have a high carbon and hydrogen content and are considerably lacking in oxygen compared to other organic compounds and minerals; they tend to be relatively nonpolar molecules, but may include both polar and nonpolar regions as in the case of phospholipids and steroids.[6] Mineral oils Crude oil, or petroleum, and its refined components, collectively termed petrochemicals, are crucial resources in the modern economy. Crude oil originates from ancient fossilized organic materials, such as zooplankton and algae, which geochemical processes convert into oil.[7] The name is a misnomer, in that minerals are not the source of the oil - ancient plants and animals are. Mineral oil is organic. However, it is classified as "mineral oil" instead of as "organic oil" because its organic origin is remote (and was unknown at the time of its discovery), and because it is obtained in the vicinity of rocks, underground...
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...Anything NOT on the list is forbidden ... for now: Shellfish: Prawns are allowed during the attack phase 1 Lean beef and veal or rabbit, not pork or lamb (trim all fat and avoid ribs as too fatty). Eat meat grilled, roasted or boiled and without using butter, oil or cream (not even low-fat versions). You could also 'dry fry' it - rub the surface of a frying pan with a few drops of oil on kitchen paper. Lean minced beef can be prepared as burgers or meatballs (mixed with an egg, spices, capers or gherkins) or enjoy frozen beefburgers (if less than 10 per cent fat). 2 All chicken and turkey (not goose or farmed duck) but remove skin before eating and avoid the outside part of the wings (too fatty). 3 Ham if low-fat and lean, also cut rind off. Avoid deli, cured, and smoked hams (too fatty). 4 Beef, veal or chicken liver. 5 All fish white or oily, fresh, frozen, dried, smoked or canned (but not in oil or in any sauce containing fat), even crab sticks. 6 All crustaceans and shellfish. 7 Up to two eggs a day. Stick to 3 to 4 yolks per week if you have high cholesterol, but the white can be eaten without restriction. 8 Non-fat dairy products such as 0per cent yoghurt, fromage frais, quark, cottage cheese, and skimmed milk. Natural ( plain) and flavoured yoghurts (coconut, vanilla, lemon) are allowed without restriction, but non-fat fruit yoghurts (containing fruit puree) should be limited to two a day (or avoided if you want a lightning start to your attack phase)...
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...improve concentration and mental sharpness. Alan Hirsch MD studied peppermint's ability to directly affect the brain's satiety center, which triggers a sensation of fullness after meals. This powerful essential oil is often diluted before topical application. Peppermint may also be used to enhance the flavor of food and water. Peppermint has an approximate ORAC of 373,455 (TE/L). TE/L is expressed as micromole Trolox equivalent per liter. [pic] EarthKosher Certified How to Use For dietary, aromatic, or topical use. When using as a supplement, dilute one drop in 4 fl. oz. of liquid such as goat's or rice milk. Possible skin sensitivity. If pregnant or under a doctor's care, consult your physician. Dilution recommended for both topical and internal use. Do not apply neat to a fresh wound or burn. Dilute before using on sensitive areas such as the face, neck, genital area, etc. Keep out of reach of children. Avoid using on infants and very small children. Product Tips • Add a drop of peppermint essential oil to herbal tea to help aid normal digestion. • Massage several drops of peppermint essential oil on the abdomen, place a drop on wrists, or inhale to soothe the minor stomach discomfort associated with travel. • Rub one drop of peppermint essential oil on the temples, forehead, over the sinuses (careful to avoid contact with your eyes), and on the back of the neck to relieve...
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...given substance. Density can be expressed using the equation: ρ=mv Specific Gravity is the measure of the measure of density relative to the density of a reference substance. (ex. Water) In can be expressed using the equation: S.G. =ρ sub.ρ water=m ofsusbtancev of substancem of waterv of water If, Vsub=Vwater then, S.G. =MsubMwater 2. If 54.96 mL of oil weighs 52.78g, what is its specific gravity? Given: Voil = 54.96 mL Moil = 52.78 g Formula: ρ=mv S.G. =ρ sub.ρ water Solution: Voil = 52.78 g54.96 mL = 0.9603 gml S.G. =0.9603gml1gml = 0.9603 3. A pycnometer weighs 50.00g. When filled with water, it weighs 100.00g. When filled with oil, it weighs 94.00g. Determine the specific gravity of the oil. Given: mpycnomter = 50.00g mpycnometer + water = 100.00g mpycnometer + oil = 94.00g Formula: mwater = mpycnometer + water - mpycnometer moil = mpycnometer + oil - mpycnometer Since Voil = Vwater then; S.G. = MoilMwater Solution: mwater = 100.00g – 50.00g = 50.00g moil = 94.00g – 50.00g = 44.00g S.G. of oil = 44.00g50.00g = 0.88 4. An insoluble powder weighs 12.00g. A pycnometer, weighing 21.00g when empty, weighs 121.00g when filled with water. When the powder is introduced into the empties pycnometer, and the pycnometer is filled with water, the three together weighs 130.00g. What is the specific gravity of the powder? Given: mpowder = 12.00g mpycnometer = 21.00g =...
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...Suggested Title: Microdermabrasion: Skin peeling at its best and most effective! Suggested Title: How does microdermabrasion help to erase acne scars? Suggested Title: Will Microdermabrasion be the right treatment for your acne scars? Also known as diamond and lunchtime peel, microdermabrasion is a popular treatment for tackling mild to moderate acne scars and skin issues such as fine lines and hyper pigmentation. Not to be confused with its more invasive counterpart, dermabrasion, micro-peel only removes superficial dermal layers. So, although the results are surprisingly good, there is very little down time. Another factor to consider is that because of the limited inflammation that results from the skin peeling, microdermabrasion can easily be coupled with other form of acne control and scar removal treatments such as light therapy and microneedling. Yet, most people wonder if stripping a few microns worth of skin layers will actually help to get rid of acne scars. So, here is a look at the benefits and effects of this procedure. How does Microdermabrasion Work? There are scores of topical products in the market that boast of natural and artificial exfoliating agents. These contain tiny particles that provide an abrasive effect when you rub the cleanser into your skin. However, even at their most effective, these exfoliators only remove the dead cells on the surface. In contrast, microdermabrasion involves machine assisted exfoliation. The core principle is the same; an...
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...dōTERRA is a company that sells certified pure therapeutic grade (CPTG) essential oils. These oils are used for healing, losing weight, lifting your mood, and many other purposes as well. They are made from the seeds, stems, roots, flowers, bark, and other parts of plants. They are produced to provide the most beneficial, all natural healthcare available today. There is one particular essential oil that I want to focus on. This oil is called Deep Blue. It is used for healing achy muscles, arthritis, headaches, and sore joints. It also comes in a lotion rub form that is very easy to apply to the area when needed. Deep Blue Rub is in a squeeze bottle that was made so that it doesn't take much effort to use. Anyone can easily open the lid and use this wonderful product. Deep Blue Rub is made out of the purest ingredients to be the most beneficial to those who suffer from pain or inflammation in muscles and joints. It is made from the essential oils: Wintergreen, Camphor, Peppermint, Blue Tansy, German Chamomile, Helichrysum, and Osmanthus (a flower located in China). I have used Deep Blue many times before. When I got injured and strained my muscle, I applied it to the area, and immediately felt relief. Not only did Deep Blue take the pain away, but it helped heal my strained muscle faster than it would have on its own. I have also suffered from knee injuries that caused me severe pain, inflammation, and swelling. I used Deep Blue Rub and I was able to do physical therapy without...
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...Make Children Healthy using Oregano Oil An Investigatory Project Submitted by: Aaliyah Maxine Rochelle Pangan Grade 4 St. Catherine Submitted to: Ms. Casiñas II. Rationale Your community is where you live in with your neighbors, so you got to keep it safe and healthy. By observing your community, you may get to know about it, get to know its problems and investigate the source of the problems. It is exciting to investigate because you can help your community to solve the problem. The researcher observed that children don’t like to eat vegetables that much. This can cause problems in their nutrition. Even if they are young, their lives won’t last long because they lack vitamins and the proper diet to give them energy. She will make an experiment to help the children be healthy again and help her community become strong. III. Related Literature A. Oil and its Uses An oil is any neutral, nonpolar chemical substance that is a viscous liquid at ambient temperatures and is both hydrophobic (immiscible with water, literally "water fearing") and lipophilic (miscible with other oils, literally "fat loving"). Oils have a high carbon and hydrogen content and are usually flammable andslippery. The general definition of oil includes classes of chemical compounds that may be otherwise unrelated in structure, properties, and uses. Oils may be animal,vegetable, or petrochemical in origin, and may be volatile or non-volatile.[1] They are used for food, fuel,...
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...Essential oils are liquids extracted from aromatic plants by distillation, cold pressing or chemical extraction by solvents. Although they are called oils, they are not always greasy. It is claimed that 10% of plants can produce essential oils. They are highly concentrated and volatile substances. Greatly used in alternative medicine like aromatherapy, they have many virtues and have many health benefits, proven over the years. Its use dates back to ancient times, and its wide variety of therapeutic, medicinal and culinary effects ensured its popularity. There are over 700 different types of plants that have useful essential oils. In addition to the physical and emotional benefits, when used in Aromatherapy, essential oils also have exceptional medicinal applications. Many of them are antiseptic making us the most potent protectors of nature against bacteria and other infectious organisms. Because they have a wide range of healing properties, they can be used efficiently to maintain health,...
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...factors are responsible for Berina Product usage? (qualities that barber appreciate about Berina products) 7. What are the general attractive sales generating schemes that are offered by Berina ? 8. Sources of wholesalers and distributors? - for Sales and Distribution Channel information..etc. Questions to be asked to Barbers (Oil related) Objective: 1. What are the types of oil services that you offer? 2. Types of oils used in all these services? (For understanding Differentiation factors for using different oils?) 3. What is the price range for the services? 4. What is the typical duration of oil services? 5. What are the typical margins that are kept in oil related services? 6. Do customers ask for particular type of oils for massage? Which are the popular demands? 7. Any supporting/complementary products that are used with oil? 8. Purchasing pattern for oil services from end-customers? Per week basis. 9. How much frequently do you order oils? (Purchasing pattern) Subjective: 1. What qualities do you look for while purchasing oil? (Purchase influencing factors) 2. Reasons for using present oils – Functional benefits that they offer, any...
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...Prevention and Fire Fighting ( For Ratings) e) Advance Fire Fighting (for Officers ) f) Oil / Chemical / Gas Tanker Familiarization Course. g) Specialized training Programme on Oil / Chemical /Liquefied Gas Tankers h) Liquid Cargo Handling Simulator Course 2½ days (Operational level ) i) Liquid Cargo Handling Simulator Course 5 days (Management level ) j) Indos Receipt or Indos Certificate. k) Passport. 2. Application for Certificate ( Endorsement ) for service on Tankers for each Type of Tanker is to be applied separately 3. Applicant have to produce all the above mentioned certificates in original with valid medical certificate at the time of collection of DC Endorsement 4. Training Officers Rating Level 1 Basic Operational Level Support Level STCW 95 Appropriate Certificate of Competency Reg V /I para 1 Advanced Fire Fighting Course (STCW Code A-VI/ 3) Fire Prev. and Fire Fighiting Course ( STCW Code A-VI /1-2 ) Tanker Familiarization Course ( Oil /Chemical/ Liquified Gas Tanker) AND Liquid Cargo handling simulator course 2-½ Days (For Deck Officers on Tankers only) OR 3-months supervised shipboard service (Oil/Chemical/ Liquified Gas Tanker) Level 2 Advanced Management Level STCW 95 Appropriate Certificate of Competency Reg. V/1 para 2 Advanced Fire Fighting Course (STCW Code A-VI/3 Specialized Training programme on : Oil Tanker operations; OR Chemical tanker operation; OR Liquified gas tanker operations 3...
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...Project Profile |Product | |Herbal Hair Oil | | Product code | |314601007 | | | |IS: 7123:1993 | |Quality Standard | |IS: 7123:1993 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Production Capacity (Per Annum) | | | | Quantity | |59.70 MT | |. Value...
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...Essential oils have a long history in the practice of aromatherapy as well as other applications from health to cleaning around the home. Having a few essential oil recipes handy for certain applications around the home and in your life can be a smart move. Not only are natural solutions to certain problems cheaper but they are also a lot healthier too which is why more and more people are drawn to them. Dual Purpose Natural Solutions The best thing about essential oil recipes is that while they may be touted for one application, they can also work wonders for something else as well. Natural air fresheners created from essential oil recipes are one example because they not only make your home smell better, but they can also end up improving your overall well-being. For instance, using a homemade air freshener with sage, lime and lavender will not only make your home smell light and airy but also calm the senses, particularly after a stressful time. Carpet deodorizers created from essential oil recipes are often mixed with baking soda to absorb the essential oils and prevent staining as many types of oils tend to do if you are not careful. Baking soda is a natural deodorizer but adding essential oils makes the carpet smell fresh and clean as well as kills certain germs causing the original odor you are trying to banish. Essential oil recipes are...
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...Why They Are Called, “Essential Oils” and Where They Get Their Individual Names Also known as ethereal oils, volatile oils, aetherolea, and oil of the plant, essential oils get their individual names from their source, for example, Rose essential oil is named after the Rose Bush it is extracted from, and Eucalyptus essential oil is named after the Eucalyptus tree it originates from. They call it “essential” because extracting oil captures the essence of its source and shares its scent and flavor. How Essential Oils Are Used Throughout history, many different cultures and religions have utilized essential oils for a vast array of valuable properties that they contain– physically, mentally, and spiritually. Used on its own, just one drop of an essential oil is fully loaded with an abundance of important benefits. Thus, combining these essential oils can produce powerful compelling remedies that can help with everything from skin and hair enhancement to household cleaners and room deodorizers. In addition, essential oils are distributed by a variety of techniques that include:...
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