...Legal and Ethical Practice Health care professionals are held to legal standards, as well as high standards of ethics which govern their practice. This chapter will introduce the student to the basics of health care ethics and legal practice. Ethics Ethics are the practices, beliefs, and standards of behavior that guide practice as health care professionals. Four basic ethical principles: Autonomy refers to the right to make one’s own decisions. Health care professionals must respect a patient’s or client’s right to make decisions, even when the professional disagrees with the decisions or it may not be in the client’s best interest. Nonmaleficence means to do no harm. This principle is the basis for most health care codes of ethics. Harm...
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...Seminar 3 Short Paper – Healthcare Reform Philosophy of Ethics Healthcare Reform According to Teitbaum & Wilensky (2007), policies developed in different industries form an integral part of how individuals perform various activities aimed at assisting the society. Signing of Patient Protection and Affordable Act by the United States by President Barrack Obama led to a lot of changes in the health sector. The introduction of healthcare reform in the health sector act brought about many reforms that ensues affordable healthcare services to all regardless of financial status. The healthcare reform ensures every American citizen has a private or government insurance to take care of their hospital bills. In addition, more than 60% of citizens have their insurance covered by employers while Medicaid covers most low income earners, disabled people and people over the age of 65. Healthcare reform has introduced both virtue ethics and care ethics in the health sector through human resource capacity building and development and knowledge sharing as well as information management systems. The ethical issues that relate to health care requirements should ensure that clinicians and physicians have adequate training on how to handle ethical values in health problems. The health care practitioners are obligated to understand the ethical frameworks as well as moral theories related to influencing health care practices positively. Healthcare reform must follow a clear moral foundation...
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...INDIVIDUAL: PERSONAL ETHICS Personal Ethics of Nursing Crystal Kingcade Grand Canyon University Ethical Decision Making in Health Care NRS 437V April 30, 2010 Personal Ethics of Nursing Ethics in nursing is a set of principles relating to what is morally right or wrong. It is used in the health care field as a standard of conduct or code for how healthcare workers should behave. As nurses it allows us to analyze information and make the best decisions based on what we believe is right and good conduct. Everyday nurses are faced with making ethical decisions when providing quality care to their patients. However, as nurses we must be able to identify our personal values and morals to be able to make the best decision in regards to the ethical dilemmas. Values, Morals and Ethics play a vital role in influencing the nurse-patient relationship because each one determines the behavior on how the nurse and patient respond to the relationship and issue. As nurses we use our beliefs such as values, morals and ethics to guide us on how we should act and to determine the choices we must make. Personal ethics is very vital in the art of nursing. As nurses it is important to know and be able to identify the values of nursing for the safety of the patient and nursing practice. The purpose of this paper is to identify how an individual’s worldview and philosophy of nursing affect their values, morals and ethics in the art of nursing...
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...Reporting Practices and Ethics Christine Crumity HCS 405 Module R4 October 10, 2011 Barbara Archer Reporting Practices and Ethics Reporting practices and ethics are the seams of health care accounting and management. It is important that the principles and practices are adhered to in order for the organization to continue operating. Health care is an organization which thrives on care and safety along with stability. It is management’s responsibility to ensure that not only care criteria are met, but financial obligations also. It is important to remember that the health organization not only serves the client, but family also when care, finance, and ethics are at hand. The function of management is to report fairly and accurately on all financial statements and obligations. Management is the key competency when it comes to ensuring that the strength of the organization is strong and all reporting practices are legal. Management will be the obligator to report to not only other management members, but the CEO or Chief Financial officer also. Management has the ability to keep staff stable, knowing that jobs are secure to financial statements or operational costs are not an issue in the health care organization they are currently employed in. If management respect their practices and obligations to report all finances fairly and accurately the organization can continue operating successfully. Management is the leaders in consistent and accurate reporting...
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...Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia Developed under the auspices of Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, Australian College of Nursing, Australian Nursing Federation Introduction This Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia has been developed for the nursing profession in Australia. It is relevant to all nurses at all levels and areas of practice including those encompassing clinical, management,education and research 1 domains. This Code is framed by the principles and standards set forth in the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; the World Health Organization’s Constitution and publication series entitled Health and Human Rights; and the United Nations Development Programme Human Development Report 2 2004: Cultural liberty in today’s diverse world. In considering this Code and its companion, the Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia, it should be borne in mind that they are designed for multiple audiences: nurses; nursing students; people requiring or receiving nursing care; the community generally; employers of nurses; nursing regulatory authorities; and consumer protection agencies. It is also noteworthy that the concepts of ‘ethics’ and ‘morality’ are substantially the same and have been used interchangeably throughout this Code. This Code outlines the nursing profession’s commitment to respect, promote, protect...
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...Financial Reporting Practices and Ethics in Healthcare Jeanette Jordan 03/07/16 HCS-405 Prof. Adrian Parker Abstract Financial management is a vital part of organizational effectiveness, it is a discipline with a long and respected history. Health care service delivery is a business, and the concept of financial management assists in balancing the inflows and outflows that are a part of the business. The managers within a health care organization will generally have one of three views the financial view, the process view and, the clinical view. Health care managers must of necessity interact with one another. Thus, managers holding different views will be required to work together. So, health care managers who understand health care finance will be able to interpret and negotiate successfully such interactions between and among viewpoints. (Mohamed Refaat, 2016) There are four elements of financial management planning, controlling, organizing and, decision making. In planning the financial manager identifies the steps that must be taken to accomplish the organization's objectives. Thus, the purpose is to identify objectives and then to identify the steps for accomplishing these objectives. In controlling the financial manager makes sure that each area of the organization is following the plans that have been established. In organizing the financial manager decides how to use the resources of the organization to most effectively carry out the plans that have been established...
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...Reporting Practices and Ethics Starla Edwards Health Care Financial Accounting/HCS 405 October 17, 2011 Marjorie Romano Reporting Practices and Ethics Financial practices and ethics can play an important part of any organization including the health care environment. In order for the health care organization to be successful one must adopt an efficient financial practice and possess ethical standards. The management of finances for a health care organization may be a challenge for managers. This is why the health care manager will follow four basic elements for financial management. The basic elements include planning, controlling, organizing and directing, and decision making (Baker & Baker, 2011). Health care organizations have accounting principles generally acceptable and will comply with the financial practice and the practice of ethics to avoid fraud or abuse of the reporting practices. Elements of Financial Management Financial management has four basic elements, which assist the manager in making effective decisions for the health care organization. The first element of financial management is planning. The financial manager needs to identify the steps that he or she needs to take to accomplish the goals of the organization. However, first the manager must determine what the goal is for the organization and at that time determine what steps to follow to achieve the goal. The next element is controlling; a plan is in place that each area of the organization...
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...Code of Ethics Paper Tina Young HCS 335 February 11, 2012 Susan Morgan Code of Ethics Paper Nathan Smith Davis founded the American Medical Association (AMA) in 1847. The American Medical Association is a prestigious organization that bases its principles on core values and a code of ethics. The AMA mission statement that reads, “To promote the art and science of medicine and the betterment of public heath,” reflects their social responsibility and commitment to America’s health care industry ("American Medical Association", 1995-2013). Their ethics committee supports healthcare institutions and medical professional pursuing scholarly research. The goals of the American Medical Association are to improve the healthcare system for patients and medical professionals while establishing acceptable ethical behavior. This paper will address the association’s goals and social responsibility. Team B will analyze the relationship between the mission statement, code of ethics, and core values that are leadership, excellence, integrity, and ethical behavior. When establishing ethical policies from a theoretical standpoint, the relationship between the association’s culture and ethical behavior play a huge role in decision-making. In conclusion the team will discuss the importance of the “fit” between the ethical values of the American Medical Association’s current and potential members. The American Medical Association (AMA) is here to promote the art and science of...
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...enforcing the state laws to ensure safe and competent nursing care is being provided. The Missouri State Board of Nursing consists of 9 board members who oversee that RNs and LPNs throughout the state are providing safe and competent care to the general public by following the Nurse Practice Act (“Board of Nursing”, n.d.). The Missouri State Board of Nursing is also responsible for the approval of applications for licensure after a graduate nurse has taken the NCLEX exam, as well as taking action against nurses who have demonstrated unsafe nursing care by suspension or possible revocation of their nursing license. Time range for the approval of an application in the state of Missouri is typically 30 to 45 days (“Board of Nursing”, n.d.). If an application requires further review, then the application could take up to 4 months to process. Nurses within the state of Missouri receive a two year license, LPNs renew on even years and RNs renew on odd years. Other things the Board of Nursing is responsible for include: “Approving nursing education programs, establishing nursing practicing guidelines from the regulatory standpoint, and developing policies, rules and regulations” ("Roles of State Boards of Nursing: Licensure, Regulation and Complaint Investigation," 2012). The Missouri Board of Nursing holds hearings and investigates any complaints of nursing care within the state that does not follow the nurse practice law. The board of nursing holds the authority to place an individuals’...
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...Iranian Journal of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Code of Ethics for Nurses F Zahedi, M Sanjari, [...], and M Vahid Dastgerdi Additional article information Abstract Nurses are ever-increasingly confronted with complex concerns in their practice. Codes of ethics are fundamental guidance for nursing as many other professions. Although there are authentic international codes of ethics for nurses, the national code would be the additional assistance provided for clinical nurses in their complex roles in care of patients, education, research and management of some parts of health care system in the country. A national code can provide nurses with culturally-adapted guidance and help them to make ethical decisions more closely to the Iranian-Islamic background. Given the general acknowledgement of the need, the National Code of Ethics for Nurses was compiled as a joint project (2009–2011). The Code was approved by the Health Policy Council of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and communicated to all universities, healthcare centers, hospitals and research centers early in 2011. The focus of this article is on the course of action through which the Code was compiled, amended and approved. The main concepts of the code will be also presented here. No doubt, development of the codes should be considered as an ongoing process. This is an overall responsibility to keep the codes current, updated with the new progresses of science and emerging...
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...Code of ethics Nursing has a code of ethics that defines the principles by which nurse provide care to their clients. In addition, nurses incorporate their own values and ethics into practice. The code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements provides a guide for carrying out nursing responsibilities that provide quality nursing care and provides for the ethical obligations of the profession. Standard nursing care: An Asset In order to ensure quality care the nursing care needs some standards. Standards are degree of excellence. The aim of standard nursing care is to support and contribute to excellent practices. The role of nurse is constantly changing to meet the growing needs of health services. Objectives • Plan • Holistic Approach • Appropriate Diagnosis • Realistic Goal • Selecting Appropriate Media • Quality Care rather than quantity • Economize Time, Material, Energy Types of standard care • Structure -- Things we use • Process -- Things we do • Outcome -- The result Characteristics of standard care • Dynamic • Reflects Changes • Not Static Brief description of methods and procedure S - Successful termination of helping relationship for client. T - To have clear idea or conception of the distinct goal, nursing the patient and health needs of society. A - Assertive planning. N - Nature of client nurse interaction. D - Directing others. A - Analytical thinking. R - Respect status and policies. D - Data collection in accordance with goal...
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...Reporting Practices and Ethics Tiffany L. Richardson HCS 405 July 18, 2011 Todd Brown Reporting Practices and Ethics Financial Management is a fundamental part to successful healthcare financial planning. Financial decisions are a necessary part of the day to day operations of any type or sized health care facility. These decisions are made in accordance with the facilities fiscal objectives and accounting practices. It is important that the individuals making these decisions follow proper reporting and ethical practices since these decisions affect the future of the entire facility. In order to make finical decisions it is important to understand generally accepted accounting principles, corporate compliance, ethics, fraud and abuse. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Generally accepted accounting principles are guidelines, objectives and conventions that have been set up over time to dictate how financial statements are prepared and presented (FASAB, 2010). The GAAP includes standards, conventions and the rules in which the facilities accounting department following when summarizing reports and preparing financial statements (Baker & Baker, 2011). Third parties that use these financial reports must then rely on the information to be free from all prejudice and discrepancy without debate. If the information is false then the GAAP standards were not followed and the facility is not in compliance and therefore behaving unethically (All Business, 2011). Facilities...
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...Professional Moral Compass Ethics, a branch of philosophy refers to the values for human conduct, considering the rightness and wrongness of actions and motives. As nursing profession is an integral part of the health care environment, the nursing ethics provides the insight to the values and ethical principles governing nursing practice, conduct, and relationships. The Code of Ethics for Nurses, adopted by the American Nurses' Association (ANA) is intended to provide definite standards of practice and conduct that are essential to the ethical discharge of the nurse's responsibility (American Nurses Association, 2012). A nurse cultivates personal ethics through personal, cultural and spiritual values which becomes a moral compass for their professional ethics. Personal ethics in combination with the code of ethics often assist the nurses in personal and social decision making during ethical dilemma. This ability prompts them to better respond to needs of the suffering patient and their own well-being. This paper will discuss the personal, cultural, and spiritual values contributing to nurses’ individual worldview and philosophy of nursing and the moral and ethical dilemma being faced in this profession. Values Contributing to Individual’s Worldview and Philosophy of Nursing Born in a Christian middle class South Indian family, the strict traditional values helped to embed the concept of service, trust, respect, integrity and responsibility through family, friends, education...
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...Legal principles Nurses like other healthcare professionals need to practice according to a complex web of federal and state statutes – while making decisions in an ethically responsible manner. Nurses tend to consider the ethical implications of their decisions to ensure their actions are in the interest of their patients and do not cause harm. At first glance, it may seem that making these decisions should be straightforward, but many situations are not clear-cut, and there are times when what seems legal is not ethical and vice versa. The nursing, legal principles fall on the licensure, federal and state laws, the practice scope and the expectation of professionalism. Their license and nursing standard offers a framework that stipulates...
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...difficult for him to make ends meet. With only six employees, the company’s owner cannot afford to offer health insurance. Leo’s annual salary of $30,000 allows him to purchase only the most basic of health plans, one that does not include coverage for prescription medications. Leo frequently must decide between medications and food, often opting for cheap junk food that is neither nutritious for his young family nor appropriate for a diabetic diet. Leo has recently applied for and been offered several other jobs, but at a lower salary and with no health insurance coverage. Recently, Leo’s diabetes has worsened. He has developed a serious infection that has led to lost wages and, far worse, the loss of his right leg below the knee. Leo is weighing his options. He has heard about a new clinical research trial open to insulin-dependent diabetics that pays $100 a week to research subjects. He has also been quite depressed and begun to wonder if his children might not be better off without him. He has several life insurance policies that would pay off generously if something were to happen to him, and he has broached the subject of assisted suicide with his long-time physician. Is there a way, he asks his physician, to have his death look like it was from natural causes so his children could collect on the policy? CHAPTER QUESTIONS 1. What ethical responsibilities do health care professionals have to their patients? 2. What ethical rights do patients have?...
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