...in sexuality. Japan is an island nation located in East Asia. This nation is governed in a democratic parliamentary style. It has a population just over 127 million that is remaining steady. Most Japanese citizens practice Shintoism and Buddhism as religions and speak the primary language Japanese. The inhabitants of Japan are generally thin since the obesity rate is extremely low estimated at three percent. The rate of people living with HIV/AIDS is estimated at 8,100 out of the entire population. On the contrary, the literacy rate is extremely high at ninety-nine percent. Based on statistical information and facts in history, the Japanese culture differs in many ways from the American culture in the United States. Sex education, pre-marital sexual activity, and marriage and family draw the line between sexuality in the Japanese and American cultures. Marriage and Family Marriage is considered to be a wonderful and sacred union between a man and a woman. After this union, the husband and wife would have children and create a family. As...
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...of two parents, two children and a happy stable environment. The Husband’s role was that of the provider, with the Wife’s role being that of a homemaker and nurturing mother. The children were a reflection of their parent’s social reverence to society norms. In the late 1960s – 1970s cultural norms regarding marriage, pre-marital sex/cohabitation and childrearing changed significantly. The family was replaced by divorced parents or blended families, reflected in shows such as “Different Strokes,” “One Day at a Time,” and “Parent Trap” reflected such. Currently, non-traditional families are accompanied by same sex marriage and depicted in sitcoms such as Modern Family, which combines multiple variations of family models in one show. These various family modules are becoming widely accepted in society, along with changes in the social module of marriage, as “traditional family values are being swept away by a wave of tolerance toward lone mothers, gay couples and unmarried parents” Richard, Kellner and Wintour (1998). Research shows that over the past one hundred years the previously accepted social model of marriage has significantly changed in America regarding the general purpose of marriage, the individual’s roles and the union structure. The general purpose of marriage in the early 1900s was to enter into the union of matrimony for social, economic and...
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...------------------------------------------------- Premarital sex From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Pre-marital sex is sexual activity practiced by persons who are unmarried. Historically considered taboo in many cultures and considered a sin in numerous religions, it has become more commonly accepted by large portions of populaces indeveloped countries within the last few decades. A 2014 Pew study on global morality found that premarital sex was considered particularly unacceptable in "predominantly Muslim nations" such as Indonesia, Jordan, Pakistan and Egypt, each having over 90% disapproval, whilst many people within Western European nations were the most accepting, withSpain, Germany and France having less than 10% disapproval.[1] Contents [hide] * 1 Definition * 2 Prevalence * 3 Gender differences * 4 Ethnicity differences * 5 Safe sex practices * 6 Religious views * 7 Cultural views * 7.1 Britain * 7.2 United States * 8 See also * 9 References ------------------------------------------------- Definition[edit] Until the 1950s,[2] the term "pre-marital sex" referred to sexual relations between two people prior to marrying each other.[3]During that period, Western societies expected that men and women marry by the age of 21 or 22; as such, there were no considerations that one who had sex would not marry. The term was used instead of fornication, due to the negative connotations of the latter.[2] The meaning...
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...marriage of same-sex couples, and we should each get the happiness we are told that we are granted. What is marriage? The definition of marriage is “the state of being united to a person of the opposite sex as husband or wife in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law”. Though that is how the law sees marriage, it should be defined as a union between two people, regardless of gender, based on their love and commitment. When a man and a woman decide to take the step in getting married, it is no one person’s business but whomever they wish to have involved. If it is not considered an issue for two people of the opposite gender to get married, then why does it have to be a complicated matter when it is two people of the same gender involved? Why is discrimination against same-sex marriage wrong? History tells us that discrimination in our country can be overcome, especially when the discrimination is unconstitutional. According to the Equal Protection Clause in the Fourteenth Amendment, “…nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law…” Denying same-sex couples the right to marry is also denying them of the liberty they rightfully should have. Along with the topic of government law comes the Defense of Marriage Act. It states that “no state, territory, or possession of the United States…shall be required to give effect to any public act…respecting a relationship between persons of the same-sex that is treated...
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...basis of the family. The devaluation of the conventional family, and more specifically, the destruction of traditional marriage by divorce, can have no other outcome but the destruction of our society. There are many reasons to evaluate why we have arrived at this state in our society: the growth of consumerism and commercialism, influence of Hollywood over our lives, the decline of religiosity in the United States, the decline of the social order and neighborhood relationships. All of these reasons are legitimate causes for the decay of our society. However, only one cause has wielded its destructive effects over all others. This leads us to our thesis: The proliferation of divorce in our culture will cause the eventual destruction of America by: increasing the potential of child abuse, growing the number of single-parent homes, and destroying parent-child relationships. Introduction to the...
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...Female Genital mutilation also known as “female circumcision” is an invasive surgical procedure, prefermormed in African cultures on females age 7 days to 15 years old. Though there are four different types of surgery, they all require the complete or partial removal of varies parts of the female genital organs. The surgery can consist of pricking or tampering with the clitoris with a forgeign object Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as female genital cutting and female circumcision, is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons."[1] The practice is carried out by some communities who believe it reduces a woman's libido[3] — an official with the top Muslim clerical body of the largest Muslim-majority nation of the world, the Indonesian Ulema Council, said the practice (of FGM) is a religious obligation that should be done to control women’s sexual desires.[4] The WHO has offered four classifications of FGM. The main three are Type I, removal of the clitoral hood, almost invariably accompanied by removal of the clitoris itself (clitoridectomy); Type II, removal of the clitoris and inner labia; and Type III (infibulation), removal of all or part of the inner and outer labia, and usually the clitoris, and the fusion of the wound, leaving a small hole for the passage of urine and menstrual blood—the fused...
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...Well, birth control was largely illegal in the United States for much of the 20th century, so maybe one of your questions could be how people gained access to it prior to its legalization, as well as the social stigma surrounding birth control, and how some women were stuck with raising more children than they could handle because of the difficulty in obtaining birth control. Another question you could cover is the nature of abortion procedures prior to its legalization. Birth control as a movement in the US has had a very uneven relationship to movements for women s rights. Discuss early birth control reform efforts in relationship to issues of gender and class power. Birth control was an early-twentieth-century slogan, but it has become the generic for all forms of control of reproduction. With the spread of agriculture and the economic advantages of large families, religious and in some cases secular law increasingly restricted birth control, with the result that there appears to have been an increase in reliance on abortion while contraceptive technology and use declined. Both practices were legal in the United States until the mid-nineteenth century. Birth control as a movement in the US has had a very uneven relationship to movements for women s rights. Discuss early birth control reform efforts in relationship to issues of gender and class power. Birth control was an early-twentieth-century slogan, but it has become the generic for all forms of control of reproduction...
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...How Rock n’ Roll Changed America Music has been an influence on all people for years now. The music of rock n roll in the 1950s impacted all music genres then and today. Glenn C. Altschuler’s book, All Shook Up: How Rock n’ Roll Changed America, elaborated on how this era changed the view on music through race and sexuality. There were many problems that were caused between the two generations during the 1950s era because of the music influences of rock n’ roll. Whites were refraining their children from listening to such music that the teenagers enjoyed, for they did not want them to listen to black artists or bring out any sexuality they might have. Race and sexuality have been touchy subjects that make so many people uncomfortable and skeptical on accepting it just as is. Music and musicians during the times of the rock n roll ages of the 1950’s brought these delicate subjects out. Rock n’ roll was seen as a way of symbolizing black empowerment to the whites. Altschuler talks about how it was a moment where Black people were beginning to identify and assert themselves racially (35-37). During this time white older folks were very familiarized to separating blacks and whites. Doing such other made the folks upset and uncomfortable. They felt rock n’ roll was mixing and bringing the races together. There was a saying that was called “jungle music”, that meant the rock n roll music performed by the black race was causing young white teens to become disobedient and lose their...
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...Gender inequality brought a great social unrest that culminated on the feminist movement’s efforts to ratify an Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). "Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex" (“Equal Rights Amendment (1972)”). That was the most descriptive sentence on what the ERA proposed to ratify in the U.S. Constitution in order to really achieve gender equality. Females had minimal political representation, almost no educational access, very low earnings, and were deprived of their own corporal liberties (Bodenner). These injustices were mostly based on the fact that women were seen as irrational, irresponsible and dependent of men in many aspects such as the economic one (Bodenner). These prejudices and old-fashioned ways of thinking not only interfered with the recognition of women’s basic and human rights, but also undermined the nation’s commitment to human dignity, freedom and democracy (“Executive Order Establishing the President's Commission on the Status of Women (1961)”). It is thus fair and humane to affirm that the Equal Rights Amendment had to be added to the Constitution. The ERA’s ratification was the correct way to proceed for America as a righteous and free nation. Laws in a country should not be gender-addressed; they should instead treat citizens as individuals (Bodenner). Wilma Scott Heide wrote, “One must wonder if the women in European and other countries are somehow biologically...
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...The divorce rate in America is extremely high and a serious cause for concern. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, divorce will affect nearly half of those who marry. Hence, a divorce rate of 3.4 per 1,000 population will affect the 6.8 per 1,000 population who get married (CDC 2009). This high divorce rate can be attributed to financial, emotional, and/or physical problems of consenting partners. However, socioeconomic factors such as income, education, and social status seem to contribute greatly to the rates of divorce. Therefore, In order to formulate the problems of divorce we must address the institution of marriage. Marriage is a sacred institution that has been around for many centuries and the reasons for marriage are all but clear and concise. Pre-industrial revolution, people married for reasons such as financial, political, or social gains (Coontz 2005). Traditional gender roles were emplaced whereas, women were in charge of the domestic and emotional duties of the household and men were in charge of the financial duties of the relationship. Women did not have many options pre-industrial revolution and were forced to marry to gain economical support. External gains and non-emotional reasons were a major component in the selection of a marriage partner in this era, not much emphasis was placed on love and emotions. Today however, people marry for a variety of reasons including emotional and non-emotional reasons. In a study conducted...
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...Church or Government against sexual elements in the American society. We entered the 20th century with women being more independent and educated. Women also gained access to sports, which made a way of socializing and seeking for a more fun lifestyle. No one would even think back then that the beginning of the century, such as early 20s, was the first biggest sexual expression that has set the pace for its further development, and that pace was pretty fast. As the century started, American men came back home from the WWI. During the war, the Government was aware that soldiers had sex yet had no repression against it. Despite the warnings about venereal deceases, unprotected sex for soldiers resulted in millions of lost lives because there was no medical cure. Sex during the war mostly happen with prostitutes from Europe, and those men who survived the war, came back home with new knowledge about sex. This knowledge together with other changes in American history, launched the early 20s known as “roaring 20s”. Prior to 1920s, American cities began overcrowding with new immigrants coming from Europe to seek for the new opportunities. Women were able to find jobs, and at the end of the day everyone wanted to socialize by going out on dates or movies. Film, a fascination of the technological revolution, became an essential element in the development of sexuality. By seeing romance and kissing in the...
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...attenders the percentage of marriages that end in divorce is almost equal to those from secular society, but the actual numbers are higher due to the fact that born again believers are more likely to marry than their secular counterparts. Divorce leaves much greater damage in its wake than just the broken hearts of the divided former couple. Families are torn apart, economic structures are rent asunder, children have their support systems abolished, and it is often left up to the community at large to pick up the pieces. Premarital education, counseling, or coaching shows promise in helping marriages to remain intact. Couples who engage in premarital preparation reduce the likelihood of facing divorce by as much as thirty percent. By helping pre-married couples to learn a relatively small skill set a coach, counselor, member of the clergy, educator, or lay facilitator can enable a couple to not only reduce the learning curve towards a vitalized relationship, but they can improve their odds of crossing the until “death do us part” finish line still together. Introduction While it is often quoted that the divorce rate in the United States is at or above fifty percent, this is not accurately correct. According to the Americans for Divorce Reform the estimate is more likely “40 or possibly even 50 percent of marriages will end in divorce if current trends continue” (Baker, 2012). Within the church or faith community the divorce rate is relatively equal to that of secular society...
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...PSYC 2020 Student Number: 782793 Submission date: 05/05/2015 Assignment Topic: In South Africa, teenage pregnancy is on rise as a result of how these teenagers make sense of their sexuality. In South African adolescent marks the transition from childhood to adulthood, which in some instances is filled with a period of opportunities, challenges, changes, skills, pressures and physical, cognitive and psychosocial development. Teenagers are faced with an immense amount of peer pressure, physiological and emotional changes, sexual experimentation that increases the risk of pregnancy or sexually transmitted disease. While many teenagers may engage in pre-marital sex some never become pregnant. Teenage pregnancy has become all too common in this day and age. Some teenagers think it will not happen to them and do not use necessary precautions to protect themselves against pregnancy. There are several causes for teen pregnancy and the effects can be life changing. Research done has indicated that there is not one single cause to teenage pregnancy, but there are whole host of causes to this pandemic. Factors that can contribute to the number of teenagers who fall pregnant are for example, gender power imbalances (associated with significantly older partners in particular), early sexual debut, barriers to contraceptive use (seldom used at sexual initiation), and misinformation on sexual health matters. Pregnancy at a very young age may result in pregnancy complications that...
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...Historical and Scientific Perspectives on Homosexuality Shavon Harrison PSY 265 Stephanie Sencil The commonness of homosexual propensity have been witnessed in almost all cultures, in all regions, throughout history. Homosexual customs have been used as sexual liberations, rites of passage, and long-term relationships. The social acceptance of the behavior and the lifestyle as ranged from accepted to criminalized. Finding your voice in accepting your own homosexual identity is most difficult in repressive societies and admitting it to friends and family can be harder than admitting it to one’s self. Society will always have an influence on the behavior; the foundations of that society will also have an affect. Homosexual behavior adapts to each of societies that it was relegated to. Current homosexuals in western society are not excluded from this fact; current culture has, however, offered a unique perspective in rights and choices. From the establishment of “holy doctrines and dogmatic rule” of the Torah, Bible, and Quran, homosexual practices have been deemed unnatural and immoral. This admonition has been focused most upon male-male relations (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, 2005). Causes for this were not defined in the text; however, regional conversion to Christianity has used immorality to change the power structure in municipalities. Another well-used tradition within the power structures of Islam and Christianity is war. Each of these religious movements...
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...(2008); Flinn MV, Low BS (1986). Humans lived as hunter-gatherers for most of our species’ history hence cultural variation amongst recent hunter-gatherers may be useful for reconstructing ancestral human social structure (Lee RB, DeVore I, eds; Hawkes K, O’Connell JF, Blurton-Jones NG (2001); Marlowe F, 2003). When we examine marriage practices of American, Israeli, and Pakistani. The prevalence of marriage practices in hunter-gatherers suggests a deep history of regulated marriage. Americans generally define marriage as a "mutual and voluntary commitment to a lifelong, monogamous partnership" (Pinsof, 2002, p. 1 37). According to this definition, it is assumed that partners love one another and make a personal choice to enter the marital union. This idea is...
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