...The PRECEDE-PROCEED model is a medical model that moves away from the typical issue of disease treatment and focuses on health promotion. Developed by Lawrence W. Green, this model has been applied in many Western countries in the improvement of health. PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation) is the part of the model that helps in the development of various public health initiatives and programs. PROCEED (Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development), on the other hand, serves as a guide to the effective implementation of the various programs that are created using PRECEDE. With regards to using the PRECEDE-PROCEED model in designing an educational program aimed at promoting health for families with school-aged children, the nine phases of the model will be used to produce outstanding results. The first phase is the social assessment phase, where the current social habits and practices of families with school-aged children is evaluated. This assessment helps determine what the existing health practices are, the current quality of life, and the health needs of these families. The second phase involves the epidemiological assessment. According to Webster’s Dictionary, epidemiology is “that branch of medicine which studies the incidence and distribution of disease in a population, and uses such information to find the causes, modes of transmission, and methods for control...
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...Running head: WHY NOT ME? Why Not Me? African Americans and Organ Donation XXXX XXXXX Winston Salem State University CONTENTS ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 THE IMBALANCE OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 THE ROOT OF AFRICAN AMERICAN DISPROPORTION OF ORGAN NEED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 THE ROOT OF AFRICAN AMERICAN DISPROPORTION OF DONATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Abstract This article takes a brief look at an informal discussion of three groups of African Americans on organ donation as well as the author’s personal decision to become an organ and tissue donor. The disproportion of African American need to African American donation and the root causes are explored. Religious beliefs and uncertainties about the death process held the highest concerns in the three groups. WHY NOT ME? African Americans and Organ Donation I was 15 years old when I found out that Billy was my brother. My father explained that Billy’s mother...
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...given with the strengths and weaknesses of the crafting strategy. The debate According to Idenburg (1993a) there are no grounds for arguments between that of deliberate strategy and emergent strategy as their outlooks into the organisation are different. The essence of Henry Mintzberg assertion lies within the learning spectrum while that of deliberate strategy is within planning (Idenburg, 1993b). Importantly Lynch (2003a) acknowledges that there is no appropriate context in which the emergent strategy lies. According to Idenburg (1993c) the learning process approach states that it is impossible to predict the future yet in Ansoff‘s (1991a) critic study of Henry Mintzberg assertion, Mintzberg is quoted saying that “managers need to be sure and cannot act before they are sure” for this reason amongst others Henry Mintzberg model has be describe as a failure. As an advantage, the emergent strategy has the ability to use learning as a means of developing creative tension in response to the changes within the environment (Mintzberg, 1987b). Lynch (2003b) situates Mintzberg theory in an environment where there is constant adaption through continuously analysing and assessing since...
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...Raphael 10mentioned that QOL seems implicated in a wide range of adolescent health outcomes and health-related behaviors. Because oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is a condition, which influence under many factors such as oral health status, cultural and general standard of living and also on the perception of the individual 11, therefore this study aimed to assess the association between oral health–related quality of life and clinical oral health measures, among mid-level school children in the city of Kerman, Southeast of Iran and also, answer this question whether the status of oral health can modify OIDP index in...
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...Philosophy of Science (All Science, not just social science) During the time of the ancient Greeks—that is, Socrates and Plato, but before them and after them as well, the study of “philosophy” (Greek for “love of wisdom”) began. At that time, philosophy included both the natural and physical sciences as well what we know as philosophy today. The development of philosophy created a tension between philosophy, science, and religion. Remember that Socrates was put to death for allegedly questioning the existence of the official state-worshiped gods. This tension between philosophy, science and religion continued through the 1400’s and 1500’s when the European “Enlightenment” emphasized the concept that both “rational thought” and “science” was separate from religion. Today, they are still generally in tension. Whether these methods of gaining knowledge are consistent or not is constantly debated among scientists, theologians, and philosophers. Science=observation of the physical universe which includes (beginning in the late 1800’s) the study of human behavior using our five senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell); Religion=the study of the “divine” (i.e., god, however a person conceives of that notion, and it’s implications) Philosophy=the study of questions unanswerable by science through the use of “reason” (rational thought) alone. Thus, there are 4 different philosophical views on how humans can obtain knowledge: 1. mysticism/divine revelation—a...
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...Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning Stephen D Krashen University of Southern California Copyright © 1981 Stephen Krashen All Rights Reserved. This publication may be downloaded and copied without charge for all reasonable, non-commercial educational purposes, provided no alterations in the text are made. First printed edition 1981 by Pergamon Press Inc. Print Edition ISBN 0-08-025338-5 First internet edition December 2002 i Acknowledgments I would like to thank the following journals and organizations for granting permission to reprint material: Newbury House, the Center for Applied Linguistics, Language Learning, TESOL, the SPEAQ Journal, Academic Press. I have had a great deal of help and feedback from many people in writing this book. Among the many scholars and friends I am indebted to are Marina Burt, Earl Stevick, Heidi Dulay, Robin Scarcella, Rosario Gingras, Nathalie Bailey, Carolyn Madden, Georgette Ioup, Linda Galloway, Herbert Seliger, Noel Houck, Judith Robertson, Steven Sternfeld, Batyia Elbaum, Adrian Palmer, John Oller, John Lamendella, Evelyn Hatch, John Schumann, Eugene Brière, Diane Larsen-Freeman, Larry Hyman, Tina Bennet, Ann Fathman, Janet Kayfetz, Ann Peters, Kenji Hakuta, Elinor Ochs, Elaine Andersen, Peter Shaw, and Larry Selinker. I also would like to express my thanks to those scholars whose work has stimulated my own thinking in the early stages of the research reported on here: John Upshur, Leonard Newmark, and S...
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...American Psychological Association, Inc. 0021-843X/03/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/0021-843X.112.4.558 Testing Mediational Models With Longitudinal Data: Questions and Tips in the Use of Structural Equation Modeling David A. Cole Vanderbilt University Scott E. Maxwell University of Notre Dame R. M. Baron and D. A. Kenny (1986) provided clarion conceptual and methodological guidelines for testing mediational models with cross-sectional data. Graduating from cross-sectional to longitudinal designs enables researchers to make more rigorous inferences about the causal relations implied by such models. In this transition, misconceptions and erroneous assumptions are the norm. First, we describe some of the questions that arise (and misconceptions that sometimes emerge) in longitudinal tests of mediational models. We also provide a collection of tips for structural equation modeling (SEM) of mediational processes. Finally, we suggest a series of 5 steps when using SEM to test mediational processes in longitudinal designs: testing the measurement model, testing for added components, testing for omitted paths, testing the stationarity assumption, and estimating the mediational effects. Tests of mediational models have been an integral component of research in the behavioral sciences for decades. Perhaps the prototypical example of mediation was Woodsworth’s (1928) S-O-R model, which suggested that active organismic processes are responsible for the connection between stimulus and response...
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...Faculty of Management Technology Working Paper Series Supply Chain Management in the Home Appliance Industry Evaluating Alternative Strategies by Ehab A. Yaseen Sameh N. Mohamed Working Paper No. 32 September 2012 Supply Chain Management in the Home Appliance Industry: Evaluating Alternative Strategies by Ehab A. Yaseen Sameh N. Mohamed September 2012 Abstract The increasing dynamics and complexity of today’s supply chains resulted in the need to select from a wide variety of the developed supply chain approaches. In this paper, a business case study is conducted to answer the research question: “How can the agility best fit within the supply chain strategies?” This research contributes to the literature by developing the DESC (differentiated enlightened supply chain) framework that consolidates necessary analysis in order to discover the scope and priorities of the supply chain from multiple perspectives. It is a guideline for the enlightened differentiated supply chain management. Through this, every different supply chain is managed differently to serve for different order winning criteria that are considered from multiple perspectives. It was concluded that in such significant and rapid changes in the requirements of different products and markets, differentiation is the clue to satisfy customer requirements and firms’ competitive position. Different priorities are to be managed differently. Also, the research concluded that postponement strategies...
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...Communication anxiety: Name: Tutor: Institution: Date: Abstract Communication essentially refers to passing of information from one party to another. There are generally two forms of communication. The verbal and the non-verbal communicatiuion. Verbal communication is basically the spoken or written means of communicating. On the other hand, non-verbal communication refers to those acts, gestures or suggestive body movements that relay information without spoken words. The importance of communication cannot be overstated. In every sphere of life, good communication plays a cruicial role in ensuring starndard if not outstanding performance as well as sustainability. Success in virtually all endevours calls for good communication. For a healthy family setup, communication between the parents and the children has to be efficient. In business, good communication is vital for smooth running of every organization. Despite the known facts about the heavy significance of good and effective communication, since the 19th centuary communication apprehension has been persistently a ruccuring hindarance that has never been fully addressed. Families have fallen apart as a result of barriers to communication. Employees have lost their jobs to communication anxiety. Organistation have fallen to the ground due communication breakdown. Students have registered low grades attributed to communication anxiety. Communication apprehension is now established as the biggest...
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...Case Seminar Advanced Corporate Finance Tuesday 10:00 – 13:00, Room 23 Instructor: Tim Adam This case seminar discusses real-world business cases, which relate to the materials covered in Corporate Finance and Advanced Corporate Finance. The main topics are company valuation, capital structure, bankruptcy, corporate governance, project finance and corporate risk management. The main objective of the seminar is to apply the theoretical concepts of corporate finance and corporate governance to real-world situations. To do so we will discuss six Harvard Business School cases. In addition, there will be several company presentations of real-world business cases. This seminar has a high level of practical relevance, but it is also very labor intensive. Expect to spend at least eight hours each week on case preparations. Prerequisites All participants must have successfully passed Corporate Finance, and take Advanced Corporate Finance parallel or prior to this case seminar. Registration Students need to register for this seminar. Please submit your applications electronically (CV, most recent transcript) to Mrs. Bulwahn by April 8, 2016. If you do not attend the first session, your place may be given to other students on the waiting list. Evaluation Four case reports (80%), class participation (20%). Seminar attendance is obligatory. Course materials Cases can be purchased for a total cost of US$ 23.70 using a credit...
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...S0263-7863(98)00032-5 An integrated framework for project portfolio selection NP Archer* and F Ghasemzadeh Michael G. DeGroote School of Business, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4M4 The task of selecting project portfolios is an important and recurring activity in many organizations. There are many techniques available to assist in this process, but no integrated framework for carrying it out. This paper simpli®es the project portfolio selection process by developing a framework which separates the work into distinct stages. Each stage accomplishes a particular objective and creates inputs to the next stage. At the same time, users are free to choose the techniques they ®nd the most suitable for each stage, or in some cases to omit or modify a stage if this will simplify and expedite the process. The framework may be implemented in the form of a decision support system, and a prototype system is described which supports many of the related decision making activities. # 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd and IPMA. All rights reserved Keywords: Project portfolio selection, project management, integrated framework, decision support Introduction Project portfolio selection and the associated activity of managing selected projects throughout their life cycles are important activities in many organizations,1± 3 since project management approaches are so commonly used in many industries for activities such as research and development of new products, implementing...
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...Malaysia Received: 20 February 2012; Revised: 12 February 2013, Accepted: 25 February 2013 Abstract: This paper is about modeling of chaotic systems via nearest neighbor approach. This approach holds the principle that future data can be predicted using past data information. Here, all the past data known as neighbors. There are various prediction models that have been developed through this approach. In this paper, the zeroth-order approximation method (ZOAM) and improved ZOAM, namely the k-nearest neighbor approximation (KNNAM) and weighted distance approximation method (WDAM) were used. In ZOAM, only one nearest neighbor is used to predict future data while KNNAM uses more than one nearest neighbor and WDAM add the distance element for prediction process. These models were used to predict one of the chaotic data, Logistic map. 3008 Logistic map data has been produced, in which the first 3000 data were used to train the model while the rest is used to test the performance of the model. Correlation coefficient and average absolute error are used to view the performance of the model. The prediction results by the three models are in excellent agreement with the real data. This shows that the nearest neighbor approach works well to predict the chaotic data. Unfortunately, increasing the number of nearest neighbors from ZOAM...
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...both choices of a favorable and unfavorable market. Of course, not doing anything or not opening a store, Shuzworld would not suffer any losses or make any profits. Shuzworld is considering market research and this can produce positive or negative impacts on the market or not purchase the research at all to have no effect. To purchase the market research it would come with a price of twenty thousand dollars with a sixty percent chance towards a favorable market and a chance of an unfavorable market of forty percent. Having a favorable market, if the survey is positive, can cause an incline to seventy percent and if the survey is negative an unfavorable market would cause it to incline to eighty percent. Using the decision analysis model and selecting “Decision Trees (Graphical) was the choice to make because it shows you a visual representation of Shuzworld’s options. The decision tree will label your options and the outcome in blue and it gives you the “Expected Monetary Value” based on either...
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...expressive of memories of the past experiences of A, certain movements of it partly constituted the actions of A and were taken as expressive of the character of A, and so forth; but now, after the process is completed, utterances coming from this body are expressive of what seem to be just those memories which previously we identified as memories of the past experiences of B, its movements partly constitute actions expressive of the character of B, and so forth; and conversely with the other body. There are certain important philosophical limitations on how such imaginary cases are to be constructed, and how they are to be taken when constructed in various ways. I shall mention two principal limitations, not in order to pursue them further here, but precisely in order to get them out of the way. There are certain limitations, particularly with regard to character and mannerisms, to our ability to imagine such cases even in the most restricted sense of our being disposed to take the later performances of that body which was previously A's as expressive of B's character; if the previous A and B were extremely unlike one another both physically and psychologically, and if, say, in addition, they were of different sex, there might be grave difficulties in reading B's dispositions in any possible performances of A's body. Let us forget this, and for the present purpose just take A and B as being sufficiently alike (however alike that has to be)...
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...1 A (VERY) BRIEF REFRESHER ON THE CASE STUDY METHOD The case study method embraces the full set of procedures needed to do case study research. These tasks include designing a case study, collecting the study’s data, analyzing the data, and presenting and reporting the results. (None of the tasks, nor the rest of this book, deals with the development of teaching case studies—frequently also referred to as the “case study method”—the pedagogical goals of which may differ entirely from doing research studies.) The present chapter introduces and describes these procedures, but only in the most modest manner. The chapter’s goal is to serve as a brief refresher to the case study method. As a refresher, the chapter does not fully cover all the options or nuances that you might encounter when customizing your own case study (refer to Yin, 2009a, to obtain a full rendition of the entire method). Besides discussing case study design, data collection, and analysis, the refresher addresses several key features of case study research. First, an abbreviated definition of a “case study” will help identify the circumstances when you might choose to use the case study method instead of (or as a complement to) some other research method. Second, other features cover the choices you are likely to encounter in doing your own case study. Thus, the refresher discusses the •• definition of the “case” in case study research, •• benefits of developing a theoretical perspective in conjunction with your...
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