...Suggest how an economist would approach the problem of alcohol abuse. Provide two (2) possible solutions to this problem. Include the four (4) elements of the economic way of thinking in your analysis. The economist would approach the problem of alcohol abuse as cost, and how they could put it in real numbers. When measuring the cost of alcohol abuse in any city in the U.S. we must understand what make the assumptions of alcohol abuse comprehensible and to focus on the relevant alcohol abuse. We have to think about such things as health services and medical expenses, premature death, loss of productivity, and alcohol related crimes. In total, the U.S. economy loses an estimated $185 billion each year to alcohol-related problems, according to the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. We use the assumptions to help explain, Economics is a discipline, but it is not an exact discipline. Economic theory simplifies situations because it would be nearly impossible to predict and include every relevant variable and factor. Just look at the cost of drunk driving. Drunk driving is a insightful subject to many people because so many lives have been affected by this crime. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reports that alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes kill someone every 31 minutes and nonfatal injure someone every two minutes. During 2005, 16,885 people in the U.S. died in alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes, comprising 39% of all traffic-related deaths...
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...Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (Cunningham); Department of Health Policy and Management, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Barry) Abstract Author Manuscript IMPORTANCE—Opioid analgesic overdose mortality continues to rise in the United States, driven by increases in prescribing for chronic pain. Because chronic pain is a major indication for medical cannabis, laws that establish access to medical cannabis may change overdose mortality related to opioid analgesics in states that have enacted them. OBJECTIVE—To determine the association between the presence of state medical cannabis laws and opioid analgesic overdose mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS—A time-series analysis was conducted of medical cannabis laws and state-level death certificate data in the United States from 1999 to 2010; all 50 states...
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...“Planning Process through Safety Analysis and Accident Prevention to reduce losses in the course of Asset Protection” Whenever we are relating to the issue of Safety Analysis and Accident Prevention in Trinidad and Tobago, we must communicate with OSHA. Occupational Safety and Health in Trinidad and Tobago has been administered since 1948 thru the Factories Ordinance 1948 and was amended in 1952. In 1973, Trinidad and Tobago examined a number of drafts to be amended and reviewed the health and safety law. In 2004, the Occupational Safety and Health Act was assented to, and on February 17, 2006 OSHA came into effect, it covers all aspects of work undertaken in an industrial establishment; however, it excludes coverage to residential premises, it also retracted numerously outdated legislation for instance the employment of women but, more in particularly the Factories Ordinance. Asset protection can be defined as the concept of strategies to be used for guarding one's wealth. It is a type of planning intended to protect one's assets, (www.investopedia.com/terms/a/asset-protection). In the 18th century employers didn’t realize the value of providing safe environments for their employers until World War 1&2, where the connection between quality and safety was discovered. Labour shortages resulted from the war, due to the number of people leaving to go fight for their country as some would say ‘performing their patriotic duty.’ As a result, employers could not afford to lose...
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...T ackling Fraud, Waste, and Abuse in the M edicare and Medicaid Programs: R esponse to the May 2 Open Letter to the Healthcare Community Dan Olson, CFE June 2012 Tackling Fraud, Waste, and Abuse in the Medicare and Medicaid Programs White Paper C ontents I. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 II. Recommendations................................................................................................... 3 Recommendation 1 – Expand the Medicare Fraud Strike Force Model....................................... 3 Potential Savings .......................................................................................................................... 4 Recommendation 2 – Expand Integrated Data Repository .......................................................... 4 Potential Savings .......................................................................................................................... 5 Recommendation 3 – Expand “Do Not Pay List” .......................................................................... 5 Potential Savings .......................................................................................................................... 6 Recommendation 4 – Publicize Drug Expiration Dates ................................................................ 6 Potential Savings ....................................................................
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...Florida Abstract This paper examines the legality and ethics of the George brother’s pain medication clinics in South Florida. It explains the legality of the pain medication supply that is available for consumers that medically need it and how its source can also be an easy access to addicts. Although it is considered legal, is it ethical? In this paper we study different theories in ethics, including Kantian and Utilitarian ethical models. These models provide clear analyses that guide us in deciding if pain medication distribution from pain clinics is ethical. Finally, we review and conclude if the George brother’s pain medication clinics were acting socially responsible within their communities. Given the rise of pain medication abuse and illegal reselling, pain clinics in South Florida should adhere to strict rules to provide services to those that need it and not turn their businesses into pill mills. Introduction Purposes of Paper The intent of this paper is to provide a detailed and analytical examination of the George brother’s pain medication clinics. Throughout this paper all approaches will be examined such as the legality and ethics of the case, and how social responsibility plays a role. In the past few years in South Florida, there has been a rise of pain medication addiction and the reselling of these narcotics. Pain medication clinics have done more harm than good to our communities especially ones like the George brother’s. This case also poses...
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...ECO 100 – Principles of Economics COURSE DESCRIPTION Presents a survey of basic macro- and microeconomic principles and concepts. Reviews the economic dynamics of market forces affecting competition, different economic systems, the role of government in the economy, and economic aspects of international trade. Discusses the labor market, interest rates and the supply of money, and performance of a national economy. Examines the use of economics in business decisions, considering such principles as opportunity costs, diminishing returns, and the marginal principle. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Required Resources O'Sullivan, A., Sheffrin, S., & Perez, S. (2012). Survey of economics: Principles, applications, and tools (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson-Prentice Hall. MyEconLab book key Note: This book key comes with the purchase of a new textbook and is needed in order to access MyEconLab. Supplemental Resources Aaronson, D., Mazumder, B., & Schechter, S. (2010). What is behind the rise in long-term unemployment? Economic Perspectives, 34(3/4), 28-51. Andreyeva, T., Long, M. W., & Brownell, K. D. (2010). The Impact of Food Prices on Consumption: A Systematic Review of Research on the Price Elasticity of Demand for Food. American Journal of Public Health, 100(2), 216-22 Heyne, P., Boettke, P. J., & Prychitko, D. L. (2010). The economic way of thinking. (12th ed.). Upper Saddle River: Pearson-Prentice Hall. High, J. (2011). Economic Theory and the Rise of Big Business in...
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...LIFE ORIENTATION LESSON 1 General information Teacher: B Stemele Topic: Substance abuse Duration: 1 hour School: St Andrews School for Girls Grade: 8 Date: 6 March 2015 2 Specific aim(s) for Life Orientation * Guide learners to achieve their full physical, intellectual, personal, emotional and social potential; * Develop learners’ skills to respond to challenges and play an active and responsible role in the economy and society; * Teach learners to exercise their constitutional rights and responsibilities and to respect the rights of others; * Guide learners to make informed and responsible decisions about their health, environment, subject choices, further studies and careers; and * Provide opportunities for learners to demonstrate an understanding of, and participate in activities that promote movement and physical development. 3 Lesson aims: (Knowledge, skills, values and attitudes) Knowledge | Skills | Values and attitudes | TerminologyWhat is substance abuse, illegal and legal substances? What makes teenagers to start abusing these substances? * General knowledge about drugs * Signs and symptoms of substance abuse * Investigate factors contributing to substance abuse * Health risks for teens (Effects – physical, mental & social) * Effective Treatment Approaches * Where to go for help? | * Research * Analyse * Compare * Summarize * Apply * Decision making | * Responsibility...
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...Ethical Responsibility in Pharmacy Practice Robert A. Buerki, Ph.D. Professor Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration The Ohio State University Louis D. Vottero, M.S. Professor of Pharmacy Emeritus Ohio Northern University American Institute of the History of Pharmacy Madison, Wisconsin 2002 Acknowledgments: Pages 208-10: "Principles of Medical Ethics" and "Fundamental Elements of the Patient-Physician Relationship," reprinted with permission from the Code of Medical Ethics, American Medical Association, © 1994 and © 2000. AMA logo reprinted with the permission of the American Medical Association. © 2002 American Medical Association. Usage of the AMA logo does not imply an endorsement of the non-AMA material found in this book. Page 211: "Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements," reprinted with permission from the American Nurses Association, © 2001 American Nurses Publishing, American Nurses Foundation/American Nurses Association, Washington, D.C. Pages 212-15: "A Patient's Bill of Rights," reprinted with permission of the American Hospital Association, © 1992. Pages 216-17: "Pharmacy Patient's Bill of Rights," reprinted with permission of the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. On the cover: The "triad of medical care" has been the basis for the ethical relationship between the pharmacist, the physician, and the patient for centuries. In the background, an early depiction of the triad from Book 7 of the encyclopedia...
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...Romine Pittsburg State University Definition of Problem to be studied: This research is a secondary research analysis of the theoretical perspective of the marijuana movement - pertaining to the politic standpoint of marijuana verses cigarettes and scientific medical analysis of marijuana verses cigarettes. This research is meant to explore the multifaceted aspect of marijuana, cigarette trends, and the correlation between their recent waves of popularity. We will explore the historical facts of past tobacco trends to the present marijuana movement including widely held attitudes and beliefs about both substances. The thesis of this research will be to explore the differences between marijuana and cigarettes and social stigmas. Including the shift in popularity between tobacco and marijuana the MJ activist group known as NORML supporting the legalization of cannabis, while anti tobacco organizations have increased to ban cigarette smoke in public places. This research will conceptualize the meanings behind the negative stigmas associated with drugs legal and illegal influence. The problem is a double standard between the political views of marijuana and cigarettes. The political perspectives seem to be focused on public stigmas about the substance(s) rather than deciding drug laws based on medical science. Marijuana and tobacco have a shared relationship in the type of substance use. Framing theory will be used to explore four...
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...RESEARCH ON THE TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE AND EFFECTIVE MEASURES FOR THE TREATMENT OF THE DRUG ABUSERS IN ASIAN COUNTRIES AN ANALYSIS OF INNOVATIVE MEASURES FOR THE TREATMENT OF DRUG ABUSERS PREFACE Crimes related to drug abuse and the illegal manufacturing and trafficking of drugs are serious problems for virtually every country. The abuse of drugs has an adverse impact, not only on the individual abuser, but also on the economy and society of a country as a whole. Drug use and the problems that accompany it have an extremely deleterious effect on the healthy development of young people, especially. Due to the rapid increase in drug related crime and drug abusers in Asian countries, the establishment of effective countermeasures for demand and supply reduction are a pressing issue. In light of the above-mentioned situation, the United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders (UNAFEI); and the Research Division of the Research and Training Institute, Ministry of Justice jointly conducted a comprehensive study on drug abuser treatment, from 2002 to 2004, entitled “Research on the Trends in Drug Abuse and Effective Measures for the Treatment of the Drug Abusers in Asian Countries - An Analysis of Innovative Measures for the Treatment of Drug Abusers”. The Asian countries included in the study are: China (Hong Kong), Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. This is the first phase of the study on drug abuser treatment; the second...
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...CENTAD Undertakes policy research and advocacy on issues related to trade and development, with a primary focus on South Asia. Centad’s work on access to medicines currently focuses on issues pertaining to access in India and aims to Secure a legal and policy environment to ensure access to medicines. Ensure transparency and accountability in public spending on drugs. Examine the impact of industry practices on access. Focus of the Presentation Bring to light anti-competitive practices prevalent in the pharmaceutical industry and healthcare sector. Indicate the approach proposed to be taken for executing the study and analyzing the data collected in pursuance thereof. Broad Scheme of Presentation Indian Pharmaceutical Industry a Snapshot Access to Medicines Situation in India Objectives of the Study Anti-competitive Practices Competition Act 2002 Regulation of Combinations Anti-competitive Agreements Abuse of Dominance Proposed Chapterisation Proposed Methodology 1. 2. 3. Indian Pharmaceutical Industry a Snapshot Net Worth 8 Billion Dollars Growth Rate of 8-9% PA. 4th in the World in terms of Volume of Drug Output Exports to nearly 212 countries @ USD 4795.33 million (2005-06) Has an important role to play in promoting public health and Right to Health. Highly technology and knowledge intensive. Indian Pharmaceutical Industry a Snapshot Industry growth highly dependent on the regulatory environment . Owes its current growth and success to the Patents Act of...
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...International Journal of Drug Policy 23 (2012) 242–247 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect International Journal of Drug Policy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/drugpo Research paper Nicotine control: E-cigarettes, smoking and addiction Kirsten Bell a,∗ , Helen Keane b a b Department of Anthropology, 6303 NW Marine Drive, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada School of Sociology, Building 22, Hayden Allen Building, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Background: Over the past year or so, electronic cigarettes, more commonly known as ‘e-cigarettes’, have achieved widespread visibility and growing popularity. These products, which deliver nicotine via an inhaled mist, have caused no small amount of controversy in public health circles, and their rise has been accompanied by energetic debate about their potential harms and benefits. Methods: Interspersed with an analysis of current media coverage on e-cigarettes and the response of mainstream tobacco control and public health to these devices, this article examines the emergence of nicotine as both as an ‘addiction’ and a treatment for addiction. Results: We argue that by delivering nicotine in way that resembles the visual spectacle and bodily pleasures of smoking, but without the harms of combustible tobacco, e-cigarettes highlight the complex status of nicotine as both a poison and remedy in...
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...computer crime and the statutes enacted to combat this growing problem as well as the erosion of our personal privacy. Freedom of speech, online gambling and cybermedicine issues are also examined in light of contemporary applications and influences resulting from the Internet. CHAPTER OUTLINE I. COMPUTER CRIME AND CYBERCRIME A. Definitions 1. Computer crime consists of crimes involving: • Computers • Computer systems • Computer applications. 2. Cybercrime consists of computer crime that takes place in cyberspace 3. The Internet facilitates a number of opportunities for crimes to occur. 4. Typical cybercrime abuses include: • Hacking • Spreading of viruses • Fraud • IP theft • Appropriation of trade secrets • Defamation B. The USA Patriot Act, 2001 1. The USA Patriot Act provided significant new powers to federal law enforcement agencies. 2. In conjunction with the Patriot Act, an executive order issued by President Bush expanded the power of federal investigators. 3. The Patriot Act and executive order strengthened the federal powers relating to: • Computer and cyberspace communication • Storage of electronic records 4....
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...Summary GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) is one of the main pharmaceutical and healthcare drug developer and manufacturer in the world. The product liability case with the British company, GSK includes the drugs Avandia, Paxil, Wellbutrin, and others (Thomas & Schmidt, 2012). The drug maker pleaded guilty and agreed to pay fines from the criminal charges in the case. GSK promoted its antidepressants for unapproved uses and failing to report safety data to the FDA on their diabetes drug. In addition, there are civil penalties within this case for improper marketing on six other drugs. The fines are the largest settlement within the pharmaceutical industry, totaling 3 billion (Thomas et al., 2012). There have not been any charges placed against personnel of GSK, at this time. However, GSK has agreed to withdraw bonuses from executives in their part of this illegal behavior. The claims in this case are improper practices during the 1990 to the mid 2000’s, came from former employees of GSK, which include the regional vice president and senior marketing manager (Thomas et al., 2012). The criminal and civil claims include the following: • Even though it was known the drug was linked to suicidal thoughts in teens, GSK promoted the use of Paxil to children. GSK misrepresented information on a clinical trial in a medical journal on the drug. • Wellbutrin was approved for depressive disorder; however, was promoted to use for off-label promotions of various products, “weight loss and...
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...Community assessment and analysis Presentation Red group Interview with Community health Nurse Essex County New Jersey Demographic of Essex County Essex County is located in the North eastern part of new jersey. The history of Essex county dates back to 1666 when 30 families from Connecticut established settlement along the banks of Passaic river. Essex County was officially established in 1682 by east jersey legislature. Essex County is 129.631 square miles. The Geopolitical communities are designed by natural or human made boundaries (Maurer and Smith, 2009). It holds community safer for the residents and the governing body. Essex County is bordered by human made boundaries. The weather of the community fluctuates according to the seasons. The usual temperature throughout winter stays within 24 to 42 degrees Fahrenheit. In the summer, it hikes up, and ranges between at 68 to 85 Fahrenheit. Natural disasters like flood, blizzards, snowstorms, heavy rains hurricanes, power outrage, water shortage common here. Essex county is the second most densely populated county in new jersey As of 2010 census population was 783969. The county is made up of 22 municipalities which are widely diverse encompassing large inner-city communities. Essex’s county’s economic wealth is not distributed uniformly across all...
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