...iTHE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS Module prepared for CIAO By Richard Ned Lebow August 2000 The Cuban missile crisis of October 1962 is generally regarded as the most serious military confrontation of the Cold War. American destroyers deployed along a picket line to intercept Soviet ships transporting missiles and nuclear warheads to Cuba while American air, ground and naval forces prepared for air strikes against Soviet missile sites under construction in Cuba and a follow-up invasion. The Strategic Air Command was put on an unprecedented state of alert – “DEFCON II,” only one step away from “war is imminent.” On Saturday morning,October 27, President Kennedy and his advisors were pessimistic about their ability to preserve the peace. Robert Kennedy, the President’s brother and Attorney General of the U.S., had “the feeling that the noose was tightening on all of us, on Americans, on mankind, and that the bridges to escape were crumbling.”1 In Moscow, the tension was “phenomenal.” On Sunday morning, General Secretary Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev and his advisors worried “that Kennedy intended to declare war, to launch an attack” against the Soviet Union.2 That same day, the two leaders reached an accommodation that, in retrospect, turned out to be one of the key turning points of the Cold War. 1 OVERVIEW The “Caribbean crisis,” as it was known in the former Soviet Union, was attributed to the Kennedy administration’s unwillingness to accept the status quo in Cuba. Unalterably...
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...and Tsutomu Kanayama, Sophia University, Japan The transnational corporation is a nationally based company with overseas operations in two or more countries. What distinguishes the transnational media corporation (TNMC) from other types of TNCs, is that the principle product being sold is information and entertainment. The following paper is a case study analysis of the Sony Corporation; a leading TNMC in the production and sale of consumer electronics, music and film entertainment and videogame technology. There are two main parts to this study. Part I. examines the history and development of the Sony Corporation. It builds on the theoretical work of Schein, (1984, 1983), Morley, Shockley-Zalabak (1991) and Gershon (2002, 1997) who argue that the business strategies and corporate culture of a company are often a direct reflection of the person (or persons) who were responsible for developing the organization and its business mission. Second Part examines the Sony Corporation from the standpoint of business strategy. Special attention is given to the subject of organizational culture and strategic decision-making. A second argu- ment of this paper is that while Sony is a TNMC, the organization is decidedly Japanese in its business values. This is beginning to change in the face of global competition and the need to improve business performance. This study combines elements of historical and economic research in approaching the questions under investigation. Primary resource information...
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...and Tsutomu Kanayama, Sophia University, Japan The transnational corporation is a nationally based company with overseas operations in two or more countries. What distinguishes the transnational media corporation (TNMC) from other types of TNCs, is that the principle product being sold is information and entertainment. The following paper is a case study analysis of the Sony Corporation; a leading TNMC in the production and sale of consumer electronics, music and film entertainment and videogame technology. There are two main parts to this study. Part I. examines the history and development of the Sony Corporation. It builds on the theoretical work of Schein, (1984, 1983), Morley, Shockley-Zalabak (1991) and Gershon (2002, 1997) who argue that the business strategies and corporate culture of a company are often a direct reflection of the person (or persons) who were responsible for developing the organization and its business mission. Second Part examines the Sony Corporation from the standpoint of business strategy. Special attention is given to the subject of organizational culture and strategic decision-making. A second argu- ment of this paper is that while Sony is a TNMC, the organization is decidedly Japanese in its business values. This is beginning to change in the face of global competition and the need to improve business performance. This study combines elements of historical and economic research in approaching the questions under investigation. Primary resource information...
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...Revised Case Study Analyst Paper James Demencius COMM/215 June 23rd, 2014 Mrs. Oleah Morris Leave No Man Behind Even though The United States should not make deals with Terrorists, All Service Members from Wars and Conflicts deserve to and should be brought back to the United States. Services Members should never be left and forgotten in foreign countries; because they preserve our freedom so we should do whatever is possible in preserve theirs when they are captured. All Service Members captured or detained during times of War and Conflicts should be repatriated back to the United States as soon as the War or Conflict has been completed or when an exchange can be completed by both Governments. During past wars the United States has participated in Prisoner exchanges. Thirty Americans were among the 100 prisoners exchange between North Korea and the United Nations in 1953 (BBC Home, 2005). In 1973 the United States and Vietnam conducted a prisoner exchange of 142 men. (Sterba, 1973). If these practices were used in the past then why are they not acceptable in today’s society? There are a lot of things that we can say that we do not agree with what our President has done and not done, but this is one thing that he did correctly; freeing our Prisoner of War from rebel forces. I agree Congress was not aware of what was going to happen and they did not have a say so in the exchange but this has happen before with other Presidents as well. Whether or not if there was...
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...through the funding of law enforcement and programs. This paper will explain the changes that Immigration and Customs Enforcements (ICE) implements through the use of programs and reforms to secure the country at federal, state and local level, along with if these programs are consistent with American constitutional framework. The United States immigration and customs enforcement (ICE) is a federal law enforcement agency under Department of Homeland Security. They “focuses on smart immigration enforcement, preventing terrorism and combating the illegal movement of people and trade” (ice.gov). ICE has two major sectors which are Homeland Security Investigators (HSI) and Enforcement and Removal Operation (ERO). These two sectors are put into place to improve and monitor illegal activities that are taking place through immigration or activities that will affects the country’s wellbeing. ICE performs at a federal, state and national level. Section 287(g) authorizes Immigration and Custom Enforcement to enter into agreements with state and local law enforcement agencies to “enforce federal immigration law during their regular, daily law enforcement activities” (Tidwell, 2014) The United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement was enacted due to the terrorist act on America in September 2001. ICE is one of the components that was formed under the Department of Homeland Security Act 2002. It was signed into law by President George Bush, November 2002. The government believed that...
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...The Debate of Social Security Kenneth L. Broaden COMM/215 ESSENTIALS OF COLLEGE WRITING Dr. Leondra Radford-Ddungu March 26, 2014 Introduction Social Security can be a vital and reliable resource of income for disabled and retired citizens. However, although social security is available today, it may not be available in the near future. In this paper, you will find the history of social security, and its intended purpose to exist. The debates for the plans for social security will also be discussed; also, the attempts to reform social security, and why the intentions to reform social security have failed. Early Development stages of Social Security Social security took shape during the “New Deal” and post-World War II era. The system has been divided into four main parts, which are: federal old-age, disability insurance, and survivors. These four main parts were adopted in 1935 as a key element of the social security act. The four main parts are now widely known as social security. During the legislative process in 1983, congress made a set of technical changes to solve the fiscal crisis in social security. One of the changes would be a rise in the retirement age from 65 to 67 years of age; this will take place between the years 2000-2022. Overall in 1983 legislation preserved the basic characteristics of the social security program. Actuarial provisions were more favorable in the 1990’s as economic growth helped boost the trust fund reserves. There are current actuarial...
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...Battle for Syria Bryan Smith COMM/215 July 17, 2008 Will Powers On March 15, 2011 citizens of Syria began demonstrating against the Ba’ath Party, demanding the resignation of President Bashar al-Asad and release of political prisoners. These demonstrations quickly developed into a country wide uprising when the Syrian government deployed troops of the Syrian Army who opened fire on many civilians. Several cities became engulfed with military members who were ordered to open fire on civilians and were executed if they refused to do so. During this time, many civilians and Syrian Army defectors began forming small militias and eventually unified under the name Free Syrian Army (FSA). “On September 23, the Free Officers Movement officially merged into the Free Syria Army, led by Colonel Riad al-Assad.” In October 2011 and February 2012, Russia and China vetoed the United Nations Security Council’s backed resolution condemning Syria. As the fighting continued and the killing of innocent civilians increased, “France, the UK, Germany, Italy, Spain, Canada and Australia expel senior Syrian diplomats in protest (Syria Profile, 2012).” As of today, the fighting between the Syrian Army and the FSA continues as the rest of the world watches and wonders, when it will come to an end. I believe that President al-Asad should step down and face criminal charges in an International court for the order to kill civilians. If he does not step down, he should be taken by force comprised of...
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...Mass Communication and Theories Jenny Wunderlich Comm 309 November 3, 2014 Introduction Within Mass Communications, there are multiple theories that are presented. Two of the theories are the Cultivation Theory, and The Agenda-Setting Theory. I enjoy this area because these theories lie under media effects. Media effects expands our behavior whether its positive or negative, and has a huge impact on how people become. The media has become a huge part of society and how people live today. There are many forms of media, but these theories specifically talk mainly about television. People start at such a young age watching television and it affects how they are raised and how they percieve life. Theory 1 The first theory is the Cultivation Theory. This theory is a social theory which examines the long-term effects of television. The primary concept this theory is that the more time that people spend absuing television, the more likely they are to conform to the ideas they are watching. This causes a misconception of reality and what is important. For example, when someone is watching a ton of violence, they are more likely to contribute to that lifestyle than one who didn't watch that. In our textbook, it states, “According to Gerbner, violence is one of the major staples of the TV world” (pg. 366). He is concerned that this changes people's beliefs which then alters their behavior and how they act and approach things. There is something called Institutional Process Analysis, which...
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...Invest in your most valuable asset Master of Science - Technology Programs for Working Professionals We can reach our potential, but to do so, we must reach within ourselves. We must summon the strength, the will, and the faith to move forward - to be bold - to invest in our future. John Hoeven Governer - North Dakota The World of Manipal Manipal University is widely recognized for imparting high quality professional education. Founded 57 years ago by Dr. T. M. A. Pai, Manipal University is located in the bustling student town of Manipal (in Karnataka). Manipal University was the first institute to be recognized as a Deemed University by the Government of India in 1993. Manipal University offers programs in Medicine, Dentistry, Engineering, Nursing, Allied Health, Pharmacy, Life Sciences, Management, Mass Communication, Information Sciences, Hotel Management, Regenerative Medicine and many more. India's top ranked institutions, including Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT) and the Kasturba Medical College (KMC) are part of Manipal University. These colleges have consistently been rated among India's top 10 institutions, in their respective fields, in different surveys over the last few decades. Manipal has come to be recognized for its excellence in Medical and Engineering programs and continuing education in the areas of IT, Semiconductor, Mechanical, Chemical, Management and Healthcare for employed professionals. In its endeavor to provide Continuing Education...
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...Analyzing Messages Sarah Jimenez COMM/470 August 15, 2011 Lisa Kangas, Ph.D. Analyzing Messages According to Rogers, P. S., & Hildebrandt, H. W. (1993), “Management, and much human contact, turns on communication. Writing and speaking are vehicles for getting work done. Talk prompts action, and action prompts talk (p. 1). There are many organizations that use communication methods for employee correspondence. These methods can include verbal communication which include face-to-face conversations and also written communication which include email, faxes, memos and letters. There are factors that influence the effectiveness of communication. When a message is sent the sender is the one who determines the content of the message. The person who receives it is the person who decodes the message. When a message is delivered it contains the information the sender is trying to convey to the individual on the other end. Feedback will let the person who sent it know the person who received it understood the message. The environment setting can range all the way down to the organizational climate, which can help describe the relationship between superior, subordinates and peers. A miscommunication can occur when any of these factors disturb what the message is trying to portray. In the paper, three business-related messages will be analyzed and one will be discussed with valuable feedback. Fall Training Opportunities The purpose of the email was to inform financial...
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...Islamic minority to carry out jihad against Western infidels. Al Qaeda, while claiming to represent the entire Muslim world, has never had a real home or a consistent base to draw upon; inversely, a large proportion of the Irish people are steadfast in their support for the cause. Al Qaeda’s indiscriminate killing of innocent civilians has resulted in a falling out with a large percentage of its former supporters. Finally, the IRA had a distinct, tangible, and realistic goal of expelling the British from Ireland, while Al Qaeda seeks to establish a new caliphate based on Islamic fundamentalist rule, something that very few people believe can really happen. As a result, its ranks are disillusioned by this relative lack of achievement. This paper will show how the comparison of Al Qaeda and the IRA serves as an excellent case study in attempting to see why the latter has become a stalwart in the history of terrorism, and why the former is ultimately destined to...
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...Irresistible Persuasive message Comm 470 Irresistible Persuasive message Introduction This paper will define e-tailing down to the most basic level. E-tailing will also be identified by several behaviors that it is inherent of. By discussion, certain function enables e-commerce as will be seen in this paper. The communication process will be used to analyze each behavior discussed in relations to e-tailing. Sender, receiver and message just to name a few descriptions that will be covered during analyze. The paper will have a conclusion paragraph after a persuasive sample for a virtual audience is given. After reading the information in this paper, e-tailing will be clear as well as the behaviors inherent in e-tailing. Defining ever changing e-tailing The definition for e-tailing is simple but it is used for so many different reasons. It can and is used for so many different businesses around the world. Many businesses would not succeed without it and some would not even exist. According to Turban, King, and McKay (2008), E-tailing stands for electronic retailing conducted over the Internet (Chapter 3.1 INTERNET MARKETING AND ELECTRONIC RETAILING). E-tailing is used by large and small businesses to reach the largest possible amount of consumers that can be reached. According to Turban, King, and McKay (2008), Manufacturers make out pretty good by e-tailing because they are able to bypass the intermediary and pocketing the...
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...Gun Control Brian Britt COMM/215 January 10, 2013 Rachael Sewards Gun Control On December 15, 1791 the Constitution was ratified and the bills of rights were written. In the 2nd amendment it states that we as American citizens have the” Right to keep and bear arms”. It may have been more of a necessity in 1791 than today. Americans then used guns for everyday life like hunting for food and protecting your family from intruders and wild animals. But now in society we have progressed with police protection and technology that allows for a more secure and safer environment. Gun ownership has become more of a hobby than a necessity. Someone is killed with a firearm almost every half hour in the US. While in the last 20 years the amount of firearm related deaths have decreased, it is the manner in which they our occurring. Every day we see on the news the misuse of firearms and the loss of a fellow human being. It’s estimated that in 2012 13,345 people died in the US from a firearm. This is an alarming number, but it is not the reason why I write this paper. It is the amount of children that are dying every year from a firearm and the manner it occurs. Between 2006 and 2010, 561 children age 12 and under were killed by firearms, according to the FBI's most recent Uniform Crime Reports. The numbers each year are consistent: 120 in 2006; 115 in 2007; 116 in 2008, 114 in 2009 and 96 in 2010. Many of these deaths were done by their parents or someone they believed to have loved...
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...Sara Odette Battikh Walt Disney Company Report COMM 387 – Spring 2011 Walt Disney Company Report Note that all information and graphs below are obtained from the websites sited on the reference sheet at the end of the paper. “Creativity continues to be the essence of Disney, even as our businesses expand across borders and media platforms, it is the foundation for almost everything we do, the source of our strength and our success, and the fuel that will power us into the future” - Robert Iger, President and CEO - When we hear the word Disney, what is the first think that comes up in our minds? Most people think about Disney and relate it to magical, exciting and large attractions parks and hotels, and the famous Mickey Mouse. However, they missed to see how big and influential this organization really is. Walt Disney Company is one of the World largest communications organizations. Everyone knows Disney! It is everywhere in our lives, from TV, radio and movies, to parks, clothing, accessories and toys. Owning diverse media markets, Disney has build a tradition of culture and niche by efficiently managing its markets and products, allocating them among different cultures, age groups and preferences. In this report I will be analyzing some of the major managerial decisions within the Company, its influences over the market and the way it has established across the years in our culture. We are now about to discover all the financial numbers, facts, operational...
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...Individual Assignment By: Wesley B. Hurt COMM/225 06-13-2013 Palmer Pellham Intro Since the early 1900’s, media has played a vital role in our society. Media has influenced generations of Americans from the record player, Morse code, and radio. Our society has experienced a phenomenal rise of mass media since the beginning stages of the television in the 1940’s. Since then, media has been responsible to bringing live reports on national emergencies, increased the number of voters, and even helped assist in the resignation of a President (Richard Nixon). Digital technology has literally changed the way media is distributed, produced (special effects), and delivered. The Print Press About mid1440, a tinkerer by the name of Johannes Gutenberg thought of a concept of creating letters out of metal while melting alloys. According to Vivian, J. (2011), “The growing quantity of printed materials fueled literacy and, slowly, a standardization in written languages. What Gutenberg begat can be called the Age of Mass Communication, but his innovation also spurred Western civilization into the ongoing Age of Science and Age of Reason. Civilization hasn’t been the same since.” Since the 1800’s, the print press has helped us deliver messages of importance like pamphlets of anti-slavery propaganda to help deter slavery in the Deep Old South, help religion by producing mass scripts (like the Bible) for circulation...
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