...colossal scale. Four people die in police or judicial custody every day from these abuses. Many of these deaths could be avoided if cases were swiftly resolved. However, each year more cases are filed in Indian courts than can ever be disposed of, creating a huge bottleneck in the criminal justice system. There are currently 26,752,193 pending cases in Indian courts and in some jurisdictions case loads are so high that it would take a thousand years to clear court dockets. Because of this backlog, detainees who cannot make bail are sometimes kept in pretrial detention longer than the maximum sentence they would have received if convicted. In one case, a man was held in pretrial detention for 54 years even though the maximum sentence for his crime was only 10 years. During these periods of pre-trial detention, arrestees are at the greatest risk of human rights abuses as victims have reported that the longer the period of detention, the more intense the violence against them becomes. These abuses are made worse and worse by the continuing deterioration of the Indian Police, one of the most ill-equipped police departments in the world. For every 1,037 Indian residents there is only one police officer. (Asian average: 558, global average: 333). Understaffed, under-skilled and under-resourced, the police in many Indian states work long hours under filthy labor conditions. Junior officers face intense pressure from supervisors to solve cases quickly and efficiently. As a...
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...12 | Lying | 22 | Vandalism – not tagging | 32 | Rape/Sexual Assault | 42 | Poss of Firearms | 03 | Tardy - Severe | 13 | Not Following Directions | 23 | Tagging | 33 | Distribution of Drugs | 43 | Poss of other Weapon | 04 | Absences | 14 | Encouraging Misconduct | 24 | Fight w/o Weapon | 34 | Poss/Use of Tobacco | 44 | Use of other Weapon | 05 | Not Responding | 15 | Cheating | 25 | Fight w/ Weapon | 35 | Poss/Use of Alcohol | 45 | Bus Violation | 06 | Not Doing Work | 16 | Dress Code | 26 | Threat w/o Weapon | 36 | Poss/Use of Drugs | 46 | Cell Phone | 07 | Disruptive - Mild | 17 | Sleeping/Head down | 27 | Threat w/ Weapon | 37 | Robbery w/o Weapon | 47 | Other Disruptive Device | 08 | Disruptive - Severe | 18 | Missed Detention | 28 | Bullying/Harassment | 38 | Robbery w/ Weapon | 48 | Talking | 09 | Defiance - Mild | 19 | Computer Misuse | 29 | Hate Crime | 39 | Auto Theft | 49 | | 10 | Defiance - Severe | 20 | Restricted Area Violation | 30 | Gang Activity | 40 | Theft Larceny | 50 | | Academic Interventions: 1. Assess instructional level 2. Teach large concepts as subskills 3. Use Graphic Organizer 4. Monitor Response Rate/% on task 5. Use anticipatory Guide 6. Use Repetitive Response Techniques 7. Use RRW Note taking (Read Recite Write) 8. Use Direct Instruction w/ Concrete materials 9. Use TPR (Total Physical Response) 10. Teach Pre-skills 11. Teach Metacognition...
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...Dagmara Flores LGST 401 Project #1 (Lassiter Case) False imprisonment is defined as the unlawful detention of another for any length of time, whereby such person is deprived of his personal liberty O.C.G.A. § 51-7-20. Detentions are supposed to be made only in a reasonable manner and only for a reasonalbe period of time. In the state of Georgia, according to Ga. Code Ann. § 51-7-61, the automatic activation of anti-shoplifting device as a result of a person exiting the establishment or a protected area within the establishment shall constitute reasonable cause for the detention of the person, The detention time must be sufficient for the inquiry of the circumstances surrounding the activation of the device. On the other hand store owner are responsible to post a notice in a clear and visible manner advising patrons of the establishment is using an antishoplifting or inventory control device is being utilized. If a store owner fails to display this notice, Ga. Code Ann. § 51-7-61 does not apply. A person may be subject to a forcible stop and detention if probable cause has been established and if a customer activates a security alarm. The time of the detention must be reasonable. In Mitchell v. Walmart Stores the court held that the detention was reasonable and there was no unlawful restraint by force or fear. In the case of Estes v. Jack Eckerd Corp., the store had “reasonable cause” under Ga. Code Ann. § 51-7-61 to detain the plaintiff when the store employee failed...
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...Memorandum To: Senior Partner From: Junior Associate Lawson Date: September 15, 2015 Subject: Don Gerwin’s possible false imprisonment claim against Albert’s Book- store; prima facie claim and possible merchant’s privilege defense Questions Presented I. When Albert’s Bookstore restrained Don Gerwin for suspected shoplifting, did it restrain him coercively enough to satisfy the restraint element of the tort of false imprisonment, when an Albert’s employee who was significantly larger than Gerwin came up to Gerwin, grabbed him roughly, then, while other customers--including one of Gerwin’s students--looked on, pushed Gerwin to a back room office, and made him wait ten minutes without explanation? II. When Albert’s Bookstore restrained Gerwin, did it have probable cause to suspect Gerwin of shoplifting, and did it restrain him for a reasonable time and in a reasonable manner, thereby entitling Albert’s to the merchant’s privilege recognized in section 131.655 of the Wayne Revised Statutes: A. Under the merchant’s privilege, did Albert’s Bookstore have probable cause to detain Gerwin when an Albert’s employee noticed that Gerwin fit the police description of a suspected shoplifter about which Albert’s had recently been warned, and saw Gerwin reaching into his pocket while Gerwin was in an area of the store from which the employee believed that a pen set was missing? B. Under the merchant’s privilege, did Albert’s Bookstore detain Gerwin...
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...AP Psychology, Mr. Kujawa Analysis Writing--Stanford Prison Experiment 13 minutes--www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZwfNs1pqG0 29 minutes--www.youtube.com/watch?v=760lwYmpXbchttp 01. Consider the psychological consequences of stripping, delousing, and shaving the heads of prisoners or members of the military. What transformations take place when people go through this experience? 02. What are the effects of living in an environment with no clocks, no view of the outside world, and minimal sensory stimulation? 03. Compare the reactions of the visitors to the reactions of civilians in encounters with the police or other authorities. 04. What factors would lead prisoners to attribute guard brutality to the their disposition or character, rather than to the situation? 05. How and why did #8612, #819, and #416 break down emotionally? Do you think young adults from an urban class environment would have reacted in similar fashion as middle-class prisoners? Why or why not? Do you think women would have broken down emotionally in the same way as the middle-class prisoners? Why or why not? 06. What prevented “good” from objecting to the orders from the “bad” guards? 07. What were the dangers of the principal investigator assuming the role of prison superintendent? the former convict as head of the Parole Board? 08. Explain why it was and why it was not ethical to conduct this study. Was it worth to trade the suffering experienced by participants for the knowledge gained by the research? 09. In...
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...On Tuesday 06/27/17 at 1559 hours I was dispatched to a shoplift from Tommy Hilfiger in the Outlet Collection Mall located at 1101 Outlet Collection DR SW in the City of Auburn, King Co, WA. Dispatch advised an employee from Tommy Hilfiger said they had an 18 year old male in custody for shoplifting. I met with Tommy Hilfiger employees, one of who identified herself as Esther Vallejo. The employees pointed to a male, who verbally identified himself as John Williams, and told me he had shoplifted a pair of shorts. I advised of his Constitutional Rights from my pre-printed Miranda card. I asked Williams if he understood his rights, and he said, "Yes.". I asked Williams if he wanted to speak with me about the incident, and he said, "No.". I spoke with Vallejo and she told me Williams and an unidentified female had been in the store for about 10 to 15 minutes. Vallejo said when Williams and the female entered the store through the front entrance the sensor gates did not make any noise, but when they left through the same entrance, they set of the sensor gates. Vallejo explained the gates made a loud audible beeping sound, which indicated one of the subjects possibly had unpurchased items with them. Vallejo said she confronted Williams and the female, and told them to walk back into the store. Vallejo said the female walked back through the sensor gates and they did not make any noise. Vallejo said Williams walked through the gates and they beeped again. Vallejo said Williams...
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...of Incarcerating Youth in Detention and Other Secure Facilities The Dangers of Detention: The Impact of Incarcerating Youth in Detention and Other Secure Facilities The Dangers of Detention: A Justice Policy Institute Report by Barry Holman and Jason Ziedenberg 1 The Dangers of Detention1 Introduction: The Growing Impact of Youth Detention Despite the lowest youth crime rates in 20 years, hundreds of thousands of young people are locked away every year in the nation’s 591 secure detention centers. Detention centers are intended to temporarily house youth who pose a high risk of re-offending before their trial, or who are deemed likely to not appear for their trial. But the nation’s use of detention is steadily rising, and facilities are packed with young people who do not meet those high-risk criteria—about 70 percent are detained for nonviolent offenses.2 “[F]airly viewed, pretrial detention of a juvenile gives rise to injuries comparable to those associated with the imprisonment of an adult. ” –Justice Marshall for the minority in Schall v. Martin, 1984. “Detention: A form of locked custody of youth pre-trial who are arrested— juvenile detention centers are the juvenile justice system’s version of “jail, in which most young people are being held before the court has ” judged them delinquent. Some youth in detention are there because they fail the conditions of their probation or parole, or they may be waiting in detention before their final disposition...
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...April 24, 2015 Government 122 Highley Teens and the Prison System Teenagers all over the world are being sent to prison the youngest age of fourteen years old. Imagine being raped at the age fourteen and there is nothing you can do about it. “Children are five times more likely to be sexually assaulted in adult prisons than in juvenile facilities and face increased risk of suicide.” Throughout this paper the dangers present for a teenager in prison, why they should be in a rehabilitation center, and talking about the expenses if every teenager were to go to prison will be explored and detailed. Although juveniles commit similar or in the some cases the same crimes as adults they should not be incarcerated in the same facilities as adults. In fact depending on the crime teens should have multiple options for rehabilitation. Teenagers do stupid things growing up. In many cases prison is seen as the first and most convenient option. Rehabilitation should be an option because at adolescence the brain is not fully developed. Rehabilitation can help these teenagers with the choices they make. If teenagers want to keep making the same mistakes then rehabilitation is not going to change the choices they make and maybe they should go to prison and realize rehabilitation was better and trying to help them. Rehabilitation is encouraging in making adolescents go to school and better their education and life choices. “If the rehabilitation...
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...Mrs. Dietz's false imprisonment claim is based on the allegation that Mr. Bake questioned her about missing jewelry in the store without probable cause to suspect that she was involved. She also alleged that although she had signed a document where it stated that she was free to leave at any time, she did not feel free to leave. Furthermore, she claimed that even Mr. Bake told her to “stay in the room”, making her feel intimidated. As is mentioned in Dietz v. Finlay Jewelry's case, false imprisonment involves, "an unlawful restraint upon one's freedom of locomotion or the privation of liberty of another without his or her consent." (p. 611) However, the court found that they couldn’t establish if Mr. Bake had probable cause to suspect her involvement in the jewelry theft just because she applied a 10% discount to a customer without authorization. If the judge takes into consideration Mrs. Dietz’s testimony, where she indicated that Mr. Bake told her during the interrogation "stay in the room", and the fact that Mr. Blake couldn't establish a probable cause on her alleged involvement in the theft of the jewelry, she could prevail at trial. Nonetheless, we cannot forget that she signed a document acknowledging that she was free to leave at any time. As the author Walsh mentioned in the textbook, defamation consists in four elements: "a declaration with defamatory imputation, malice, publication, and damages." (p.611 Dietz v. Finlay Jewelry) Mrs. Dietz’ s defamation claim...
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...In the Carl M. Miles, et al. v. City Council of Augusta, Georgia, et al. 551 F. Supp. 349 Plaintiffs contended the Augusta, Ga. Ordinance No. 5006 requiring them to obtain a business license for “Blackie – The Talking Cat”. It is undisputed that Blackie the cat is the main source for their income and requires them to spend most of their days soliciting money for Blackie’s performance. In the case Broadrick, et al. v. Oklahoma et al., 413 U.S. 601; 93 S. Ct. 2908, state employees appealed a district court’s decision that ruled in favor of defendants, the State of Oklahoma. The appeals court determined the Okla. Stat. tit. 74, §818, regulating political activity of civil servants, was constitutional because it gave clear warning of banned activities. It also clearly stated who was banned from doing those activities and therefore was not overly broad. This was applied to Carl M. Miles, et al. v. City Council of Augusta, Georgia, et al. because as in Broadrick, et al. v. Oklahoma et al. the Georgia ordnance had a catch all clause that intended to cover all businesses not formally mentioned in the ordnance. The court determined this catch all clause was valid because it would have been impossible to specify every occupation. The court also found that it was clear the ordnance was for taxing businesses that “derive income from the practice of that occupation.” The Plaintiff’s had in previous states attempted to obtain business licenses for “Blackie” but were never required....
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...Juvenile Justice: A Lost Child in a Failed System I remember one day when I was a child, I was about four years old and my sister was about 10 years old. We were on vacation with our parents in a beautiful resort. Our room was on the 15th floor of the Sea Coast Towers. Before I continue the story I have to make clear, my sister and have always been very close; we were inseparable. Until we read about Christian Fernandez, this story used to be a family joke. I had fallen asleep and my parents were going to take that opportunity to have a quick cocktail at the bar. Apparently I had woken up and began to cry uncontrollably. My sister did her best to try and get me to stop, but how do you stop a cry baby from crying? My sister remembers stepping out to the balcony because of her frustration and looking down; she says that in her head she was telling herself that it was not a long a fall and that I was so chunky that I would bounce. Thank goodness my parents came back to the room before she could entertain her thoughts! I first learned about Christian Fernandez about nine months ago. I was browsing through my AOL news when I saw the headline “Florida Boy to Be Charged as an Adult”. It immediately caught my attention. I began to read the story of a 12 year old boy, Fernandez who was left taking care of his 5 year old brother and his two year old brother. Fernandez pushed his two- year- old brother into a book shelf twice, knocking the toddler unconscious. When...
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...Future of the Juvenile Justice System Abel Rosas, Kimberly Garner, Brenda Brown Professor: Cory Kelly University of Phoenix CJA374 June 18, 2012 Introduction The juvenile justice system follows along the same lines and guidelines of adult court with a few exceptions to the rules and regulations. There are some changes that need to be made in order for the juvenile justice system to run better. We need to be more adverse in the decisions that are made for our youth of today and their futures tomorrow. What changes need to be made in order for a better adverse system to exist? How are we supposed to make sure that the changes that are made are going to be sufficient enough for everyone to follow? These are just a few questions that need to be answered. These are just a few changes that need to be made in order for the juvenile justice system to work accordingly. Community Involvement In order for the juvenile justice system to have any type of future, the communities need to get more involved in programs where these juveniles can go to after or before school. Prevention programs are very important in decreasing juvenile crime. Children need to know that their actions can have serious consequences and that there are programs out there that can help them if they choose to get help. There are many programs that have been successful in helping juveniles stay out of trouble these include: Boys and Girls Club, after school programs, family support...
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...are moving out an age where child and parental communication is being hindered as the general family structures of todays home are growing into a state of total degeneracy. Many children and teens often grow up in single parent homes and are exposed to inconsistencies in discipline, physical, verbal and substance substance abuse only to go to a school to interact with a social group that thrives in these themes in a more concentrated manner. Interestingly enough, the effect of these causes tends to end in outcomes that can’t be redeemed lightly from as many kids, undergo long-term sentences in juvenile detention. Other obstacles such as teens and young adults being killed in violence are tried as adults, thus losing their lives and chances for redemption. Fortunately there has been a new procedure being implemented as many at risk kids are being put into juvenile detention center for a short term, as an attempt to scare them straight and apply correct disciplinary acts in order for those misguided young men and woman to learn morals and values...
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...9. Computation table decomposing imprisonment into components due to arrest and prison/arrest ratios. MS Word or WordPerfect or Adobe Acrobat 10. Research Proposal A scaled-down version of this project has been awarded funding by the National Science Foundation. 11. Book in progress: Repressive Injustice: Political and Social Processes in the Massive Incarceration of African Americans, Pamela E. Oliver and James E. Yocom, Rose Monograph Series. Retrieved February 21, 2012 http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~oliver/RACIAL/RacialDisparities.htm In 1992 45 other states have amended or passed a legislation making it defently waiser to have prosecute juveiles as adults. That resulted in the new number of the youths under the age of 18 confined in what is considered adult prisions. The number of youths in adult prisons have now doubled in just the past decade. This is such a phenomenon its actrully quite challending the belief, enshrined in our criminajustice system a centurty ago, that our children and younger adolescents should be adjudicated and condinfed in different systems more focused on the youths rehabilitation. Back in 1997 the BJA (bureau Of Justice Assisstance) funded a nationwide study of the juveniles in an adult correctional facilites to help policey makers and man y criminal justice pratitioners from a effective responses to what is considered a critical issue. Juvinles in Adult prisons and jails.: A national assessment is the main product of that study. The report...
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...Fatimah Innab Juvenile Process and Corrections JUS 374 Juvenile Justice Systems and Processes Debra Nadeau May 7, 2012 Justice has always been the goal of our court system, but it is not always assisted, especially in cases involving juveniles. The judiciary process has progressed from a system that did not originally consider juveniles, to one where juveniles have their own court proceedings, facilities, and even laws. The juvenile justice system has come a long way, and individuals have worked very hard in its creation. A juvenile is considered to be an individual, under the age of 18, approaching an adult. However, approaching an adult does not always mean that juveniles will have an adult mindset. Therefore, juveniles may need extra attention to help get their lives on track. This paper will examine the process and corrections of delinquent juveniles. The police and other law enforcement agencies usually have first contact with juvenile offenders. Juveniles can come into contact with law enforcement in three ways. First, law enforcement officers may see a law violation and respond. Second, officers may receive a report of delinquency and investigate it. Third, juvenile offenders might turn themselves in, accepting responsibility for a delinquent behavior. Officers have a variation of options to control juveniles when they come into contact with them. These options can be grouped into informal and formal options. The more serious...
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