...Beijing Pollution The capital of China is in need of some major changes. In this paper I will discuss a air pollution issue in Beijing, China. It is no secrete that China has one of the largest populations in the world, it also has one of the worst air qualities in the world in its capital Beijing. The air quality in Beijing is so bad it has been know to have over 100 cancer causing pollutants in the air to include ultraviolent radiation, silica dust, tobacco smoke, asbestos, and even plutonium. One of the major sources of air pollution is a product of coal burning. Coal is a primary source for most residents for heating their homes. During the winter months the air quality reaches levels off the charts, air quality test range from 600-1000 micrograms per cubic meter. A normal level is 0-50 micrograms per cubic meter. When the air quality reaches levels over 600 it will cause smog, which lowers visibility, causing issues such as flight delays and school closings. The government has initiated a new program, which will help the population understand the risk. The plan will also help predict pollution patters. The system the government plans on using is a four-color system indicating air quality levels from heavy to serious. The alerts will also have action plans associated with them. On days when there is more that 300 micrograms per cubic meter, the city will do extra street washing to keep dust and dirt from rising in the air. That is just an example...
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...Air pollution is a major health risk concern globally. As industries and large developments continues, urban areas are subject to an increase of potential hazardous air pollution (BMC Public Health, Aug 2006) Reports has showed that carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide are just some of the reasons for hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases as well as ongoing health concerns. (BMC Public Health, Aug 2006) Respiratory symptoms in young children has become a major concern. Indoor pollution India has become a major concern for air pollution because they are exposed to some of the highest pollution levels in the world. Because of their cooking, using fuel, adult women and young children are the highest to be exposed to pollution causing acute respiratory infections (ARI) chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (CORP) and lung cancer. Improvements are being looked at for stoves with chimneys and other factors that may lower the risk of exposures. (Smith, Jun 2000)Epidemiological investigations has been used for at last 15 years in India to indicate pollutant. Outdoor pollution China, suffers from the most in outdoor pollution. Coal is a significant source of energy and constitutes for about 75% of all energy sources. (Kan, Chen, Hong, May 2009)Unfortunately, China primary consist of coal smoke, involving particulate matter (PM) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) as the predominantly air pollutants.(Kan, Chen, Hong, May 2009)Studies associated in China's...
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...Pollution Pollution Table of Contents Introduction 1 Causes and effects 1 Impact of the issue on the world 3 Impact of the issue in the U.A.E 4 Comparison of the issue U.A.E. V.S China 4 Conclusion 5 References 5 Introduction Pollution is the contaminates of the natural environment. There are many types of pollution such as air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, land pollution. It’s an important issue because its more safer and healthier to live in clean environment. Causes and effects Causes and effects of Air Pollution: * Industries * Vehicles and Domestic fuels * High proportion of gases such as: A. Carbon monoxide: produced when carbon do not burn to fossil fuels. Takes away oxygen from the body which leads to headaches, fatigue, and impaired vision. B. Sulfur dioxide: produced when coal and fuel oil are burned. Causes respiratory symptoms and disease, difficulty in breathing which can lead to asthma. C. Nitrogen dioxide: produced when nitric oxide combines with oxygen in the atmosphere. Affects lungs and increases the chance of respiratory infection. D. Ground level ozone: Ozone protects Earth from sun’s harmful UV rays at upper level. While at ground level ozone is harmful toxins formed from car, power, and chemical plant use. In China around 656,000 people die each year because of air pollution. In India, around 527,700 people suffer from air pollution a year. Water Pollution: it can be: ...
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...Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.[1] Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. Today, it is becoming a serious crime to pollute the air and water. ------------------------------------------------- Forms of pollution The major forms of pollution are listed below along with the particular contaminant relevant to each of them: * Air pollution:- the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere. Common gaseous pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and nitrogen oxides produced by industry and motor vehicles. Photochemical ozone and smog are created as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react to sunlight. Particulate matter, or fine dust is characterized by their micrometre size PM10 to PM2.5. * Light pollution:- includes light trespass, over-illumination and astronomical interference. * Littering:- the criminal throwing of inappropriate man-made objects, unremoved, onto public and private properties. * Noise pollution:- which encompasses roadway noise, aircraft noise, industrial noise as well as high-intensity sonar. * Soil contamination occurs when chemicals are released by spill or underground leakage...
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...London and Los Angeles have been brought into control due to sixty-year efforts, Beijing, and other heavily polluted northern metropolises in China are engulfed in high-density and toxic smog. The air pollution is admittedly recognized as developing at a pace that is too fast to take environmental sustainability into consideration. When suffering from the terrible air quality in Beijing and its vicinity, residents are increasingly conscious of the smog’s hazardous impact on health due to the propagation of news coverages. Thus, the whole nation has been of great concern and called urgently for efficient actions to fight against smog. The Chinese government has released several policies to manage the smog, ranging from limitation on private vehicles to closing heavily polluting factories or removing them away from the urban areas. However, the goal of cutting pollutants emission has not been achieved, since the sky in Beijing is still covered by dark smog occasionally. This essay will firstly discuss Northern China’s smog problem and how the politicians reacted to it. Following this, it will concentrate on Beijing’s air quality, since Beijing is universally considered as the cultural, educational and economic center of China. In order to understand comprehensively, the analysis will contain Beijing’s temporal situation and characteristics of air quality in Beijing, also examine the effect of Chinese implementation against smog crisis. Finally, it will shed some lights on the future...
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...------------------------------------------------- Air pollution From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Bad air quality" redirects here. For the obsolete medical theory, see Bad air. "Air quality" redirects here. For the measure of how polluted the air is, see Air quality index. Not to be confused with Qualities of air. Air pollution from a World War II wartime production plant Air pollution is the introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulates, or biological materials that cause discomfort, disease, or death to humans, damage other living organisms such as food crops, or damage the natural environment or built environment. The atmosphere is a complex dynamic natural gaseous system that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Stratospheric ozone depletion due to air pollution has long been recognized as a threat to human health as well as to the Earth's ecosystems. Indoor air pollution (see Airlog) and urban air quality are listed as two of the World’s Worst Toxic Pollution Problems in the 2008 Blacksmith InstituteWorld's Worst Polluted Places report.[1] ------------------------------------------------- Pollutants Main articles: Pollutant and Greenhouse gas Before flue-gas desulfurization was installed, the emissions from this power plant in New Mexico contained excessive amounts of sulfur dioxide. Schematic drawing, causes and effects of air pollution: (1) greenhouse effect, (2) particulate contamination, (3) increased UV radiation, (4) acid...
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...INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTIONS ON AIR POLLUTION Lu Li, Zhaowei Liu ECON508: Applied econometrics May 10, 2013 Abstract In China, many environmental problems have been ignored when it mainly focused on a higher pace of economic growth for a long time. In this paper, we aim at finding the relationship between air pollutions and its potential contributor—industrial development. And we are also interested in finding out which department in industry contributes most to air pollution. With these questions, it is essential for us to bring our analysis into a practical and comprehensive content. In this paper, we choose air pollution indicators and industry output in provincial level, thus we would like to test it based on different regions. We use the fixed effect model to construct the data and use hypothesis testing to testify our model through three characteristics: normality, heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation. After the regression and test, we come to the conclusion that basically our model is an appropriate one although several data and time series problems limit its further accuracy. And what is more, the result is quite accordance with our assumption that industrial sectors do effect the environment to some extent and among all the sectors we discuss, mining is the most overarching element. In order to obtain a better and more convincing result, we still need more information about air quality in our further study and research. Keywords: air pollution; industrial sector ...
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...Pollution From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Pollution (disambiguation). The litter problem on the coast of Guyana, 2010 Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.[1] Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. Ancient cultures Air pollution has always accompanied civilizations. Pollution started from prehistoric times when man created the first fires. According to a 1983 article in the journal Science, "soot found on ceilings of prehistoric caves provides ample evidence of the high levels of pollution that was associated with inadequate ventilation of open fires."[2] Metal forging appears to be a key turning point in the creation of significant air pollution levels outside the home. Core samples of glaciers in Greenland indicate increases in pollution associated with Greek, Roman and Chinese metal production,[3] but at that time the pollution was comparatively small and could be handled by nature. Urban pollution Air pollution in the US, 1973 The burning of coal and wood, and the presence of many horses in concentrated areas made the cities the cesspools of pollution. The Industrial Revolution brought an infusion of untreated chemicals and wastes...
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...Draft 1 BEIJING — One Friday more than two years ago, an air-quality monitoring device atop the United States Embassy in Beijing recorded data so horrifying that someone in the embassy called the level of pollution “Crazy Bad” in an infamous Twitter post. That day the Air Quality Index, which uses standards set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, had crept above 500, which was supposed to be the top of the scale. So what phrase is appropriate to describe January 13rd ’s jaw-dropping reading of 755 at 8 p.m., when all of Beijing looked like an airport smokers’ lounge? Though an embassy spokesman said he did not immediately have comparative data, Beijing residents who follow the Twitter feed said the numbers appeared to be the highest recorded since the embassy began its monitoring system in 2008. The level of toxicity in the air was “Beyond Index,” the terminology for levels above 500. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, levels between 301 and 500 are “Hazardous,” meaning people should avoid all outdoor activity. The World Health Organization has standards that judge a score above 500 to be more than 20 times the level of particulate matter in the air deemed safe. What caused the extreme pulse of smog? Why does the emission of greenhouse gases keeps increasing in China? Is it because of the Chinese government? Many people believe that the government only cares about the economy with the cost of environment and energy. Or maybe...
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... Atmospheric Issues As the planet expands, so does time periods that people spend in different interior spaces. Indoor air quality is of particular interest, since it effects behavior, ventilation, and the health of people. There is major concern for health issues resulting from indoor air pollution, as well as from the atmosphere. Similar to the Volatile organic compounds used in polluting indoor air quality, uses of similar chemicals are causing atmospheric issues as well. Compounds originate from indoor sources; a point of origin of gases or other materials which appears constantly in a similar way, although formed by mixtures of indoor and outdoor pollutants, it is a combination of the VOCs emitted gases from certain solids or liquids, which include varieties of chemicals from indoor and outdoor sources. If looking at seasons as a means of ventilation, this influences amounts of chemicals released into the air and into the environments people live and work. Sources such as vehicle emissions, tobacco smoke, wooden furniture, flooring, wallpapers, and gluing emissions are just a few of pollutants contaminating the air. Everyday uses of products like paints, lacquers, paint strippers, cleaning supplies, and pesticides also have a harmful effect on the atmosphere. Current research shows ‘the ozone layer deteriorating due to the release of pollution containing chemicals like chlorine and bromine. Seasonal variations cause higher indoor levels of VOC’s to accumulate from...
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...into trying to use cleaner fuels and stop pollution as much as possible. Some of the main causes of climate change are greenhouse gasses and the effect of the sun’s energy and sun reflection. Greenhouse gasses are on of the main reason for climate change. Greenhouse gasses are any gaseous compound in the atmosphere that is capable of absorbing infrared radiation, which...
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...caused by a surplus of the chemicals sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide caused by air pollution. Air pollution comes from two main sources man made sources and natural sources. Man made sources come from combustion of coal used in power plants and exhaust pipes and natural sources come from volcanoes. They have many effects on the environment such as runoffs that lead chemicals into the streams and humans with respiratory illnesses that can worsen if the chemicals become too acidic.There are many ways to reduce acid rain such as cleaning exhaust pipes and using alternative energy sources. Acid rain measures a pH of about 5.3 Introduction: Acid rain is a mixture of dry and wet deposition from the atmosphere containing higher than normal amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. The formation of acid rain result from both natural sources, such as volcanoes , and man-made sources, primarily emissions of sulfur dioxde and resulting from fossil fuel combustion. Acid rain occurs when these gases react in the atmosphere with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form various acidic compounds. When sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released from power plants and other sources, the wind blows these compounds across the enviroment. There are two forms of deposition: wet deposition and dry deposition. Wet deposition refers to acidic rain, fog, and snow. If the acid chemicals in the air are blown into areas where the weather is wet, the acids can fall to the ground...
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...University of Phoenix Material United States and China Comparison Using credible Internet sources, including the CIA World Factbook, complete the following chart on the United States and China. You may expand the chart as necessary. Then answer the mini-essays at the end in 150- to 200- words each. | |United States |China | |Population |roughly 312.8 million people |1.3 billion people | |Population Density |2010 is 87.4 people per square mile |143.48 in 2010 | |Median Age |total: 36.9 years |Median age: total: 35.5 years | | |male: 35.6 years |male: 34.9 years | | |Female: 38.2 years (2011 est.) |female: 36.2 years (2011 est.) | | | | | |Gross Domestic Product (GDP) |$14.7 Trillion (2010) |$5.74 Trillion | |Actual GDP |$14.58 Trillion | ...
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...Should the global super powers lead an effective way in developing renewable energy? Global super powers rely heavily on energy, so therefore they should develop and fund renewable energy sources. Small countries have a smaller need. They do not have as much capital, so they rely on the global superpowers. Renewable energy is the cleanest way to keep earth clean and free of pollution. Global powers have the resource to advance renewable energy quickly. They have professional people, machinery, technology, money know-how, etc. to make things happen. Different countries in different parts of the world use different kinds of renewable energy. Countries can share with other countries what they’ve learned. This is an effective way to increase renewable energy. The population of the world will greatly benefit from renewable energy. People will be healthier and pollution will be greatly decreased. There will be an ongoing supply of power for every facet of life. Renewable energy must be developed because nonrenewable energy is becoming expensive and environmentally damaging to retrieve. Renewable resources are constantly replenished and will never run out. A clean energy revolution is taking place among global super powers. This generates hundreds of billions in economic activity, and is expected to continue to grow rapidly in the coming years. This...
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...Chapter 15-Promoting Environment Health The global population has grown more in the past 50 years than at any other time in human history, posing a potentially devastating threat to the natural resources we consume and our capacity to survive. Polar ice caps and glaciers are melting at rates that surpass even the most dire predictions of just a decade ago, and threats of rising sea levels loom large. One in four mammals is now threatened with extinction as humans destroy habitat, exacerbate drought and flooding due to climate change, voraciously consume precious resources, and pollute the environment. Clean water is becoming scare, fossil fuels are being depleted at unprecedented rates, and massive amounts of solid and hazardous waste are threatening the future of all living things. We must reduce consumption, waste less, be less selfish when it comes to personal comfort and perceived needs, and force governments to enact and enforce environmentally responsible legislation. The Threat of Overpopulation The United Nations projects that the world population will grow from its current level of 7 billion to 9.3 billion by 2050 and over 10.1 billion by 2100. Tomorrow’s population will be more industrialized, consume more resources, and produce even more waste than did previous generations unless actions are taken to control population growth. Bursting with People: Measuring the Impact Carrying capacity of the earth- the largest population that can be supported indefinitely...
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