TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN PUTRA AL-HAJ
Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah is Malaysia first Prime Minister after its Independence in 1957. He is well-known as Bapa Kemerdekaan (Father of Independence) or Bapa Malaysia (Father of Malaysia). Tunku who is the seventh prince and twentieth child of Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah was born in Istana Pelamin , Alor Setar in Kedah on February 8, 1903. His mother was Che Manjalara who is the fourth wife of Sultan Abdul Hamid. In 1909, Abdul Rahman was sent to a Malay Primary School Jalan Baharu and was later transferred to study at the Government English School in Alor Star, which currently known as the Sultan Abdul Hamid College. Abdul Rahman was then sent to Debsirin School in Bangkok in 1911. Then, he returned to Malaya in 1915 and continued his studies at Penang Free School. He graduated from St. Catharine’s College in Cambridge University with a bachelor degree of Arts in law and history in 1925. In 1951 Abdul Rahman became the president of UMNO and in 1955,he became the first Chief Minister of Malaya.

As UMNO President, he has successfully solved many political issues in the Federation of Malaya, with various races cooperation. As a result, he succeeded in forming an alliance between the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), the Malayan Chinese Association (MCA) and the Malayan Indian Congress (MIC) and this was known as the Alliance, Party. Under Tunku Abdul Rahman, the country successfully transformed from colonialism to independence. Tunku had successfully brought the country to independent on 31 August 1957 without bloodshed instead through a spirit of nationalism.

Tunku made several visits to a few neighbouring countries such as Vietnam, Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Japan and Brunei after independence. The formation of the Association of South East Asia countries (ASA) is suggested by Tunku in January 1959 to develop regional cooperation in the economic and cultural fields. ASA was then established in 1961. Federation of Malaya would sign a memorandum of understanding with Britain, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak to form a new nation to be known as Malaysia was announced by Tunku in May 1961 and this intention was strongly opposed by the Philippines and Indonesia. However, the Federation of Malaysia was declared and established on 16th September, 1963, comprising of Federation of Malaya, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak. Nevertheless, in August 1965, Singapore was forced to secede from Malaysia, and therefore the Federation of Malaysia only consists of 13 states. Since the Malays in Kedah started opposing the establishment of the Malayan Union, Tunku has been involved in writing. Through Watan magazine, Tunku wrote several articles which succeeded in inculcating the spirit of nationalism among the Malays. Some of the articles that had been published were 'The Events of May 13', 'Looking Back', 'View Points', As a Matter of Interest', 'Lest We Forget', 'Challenging Times', 'Something to Remember', 'Political Awakening', 'Baling Talk', and 'Malaysia - The Road to Independence'. As an appreciation of his invaluable contributions, Tunku received numerous awards which includes 'The Outstanding Malaysian of the Year' in 1987, the 'Honorary Citizen of London', the 'International Sports Award' from the Sports Academy of United States in 1981, 'The Replica of Dhu'l Faqar' from Al-Malik Faisal in 1983, 'Honorary Doctorate in Law' from the University of Oxford and the 'Roman Magsaysay' award in 1980. Besides that, tunku has also been acknowledged as the 'Father of Independence' and the 'Father of Malaysia'. On 6th December, 1990, Tunku passed away at the Kuala Lumpur General Hospital and he was buried at the Langgar Royal Cemetery, Alor Setar on 7th December, 1990.
TUN ABDUL RAZAK

Tun Abdul Razak bin Hussein Al-Haj is country’s second prime minister who heads the country from 1970 to 1976. He is well-known as the father of development. Tun Abdul Razak is the only child to Dato' Hussein bin Mohd Taib and Hajah Teh Fatimah bt Daud was born in Pulau Keladi, Pekan, Pahang on March 11, 1922. Tun Razak received his early education at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar in 1934. He then continued his studies at Raffles College in Singapore in 1940 after joining the Malay Administrative Service in 1939. His studies at the college stopped with the onset of the Second World War. In 1947, Tun Razak left for Britain to study law and he received a Degree of an Utter Barrister from Lincoln's Inn in 1950.In the same year, he became the youth chief for United Malays National Organisation (UMNO).He worked as the Assistant State Secretary of Pahang and in February 1955 he became Pahang's Chief Minister. He was appointed as the Education Minister after winning country's first general elections in July 1955. On top of that, Tun Razak was one of the member of the February 1956 mission to London to seek the independence of Malaya from the British. After the 1959 general elections, Tun Razak became the Minister of Rural Development besides holding the portfolios of Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defence. Formulating the development policy known as the Red Book was one of Tun Razak’s achievement. Tun Razak then replaced Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra as the Prime Minister of Malaysia on September 1970.

In 1971, Tun Razak launched the New Economic Policy (NEP). He and the "second generation" of Malay politicians saw the need to tackle vigorously the economic and social inequality which fuelled racial antagonism. The NEP have two important goals that is to reduce and eventually eradicate poverty, as well as to reduce and eventually eradicate identification of economic function with race. In 1973, Tun Abdul Razak set up the Barisan Nasional to replace the ruling Alliance Party. He increased the membership of its parties in an effort to establish "Ketahanan Nasional" (National Strength) through political stability. For his contributions in the area of national and rural development, Tun Abdul Razak is known as the Father of Development. Abdul Razak died on January 14, 1976 while seeking medical treatment in London. He is laid to rest in Heroes Mausoleum near Masjid Negara, Kuala Lumpur.

TUN HUSSEIN ONN Tun Hussein bin Dato' Onn is country’s third prime minister who heads the country from 1976 to 1981. He is well-known as the father of unity. Tun Hussein Onn is the child to Dato Onn Jaafar and Datin Halimah Hussein who was born in Johor Bahru, Johor on February 12, 1922. Tun Hussein Onn received his early education in Singapore as well as at the English College in Johor Bahru. In 1940, he joined the Johor Military Forces as a cadet and was sent a year later to the Indian Military Academy in Dehra Dun, India for training and upon completion he was absorbed into the Indian Army and later served in the Middle East when the Second World War broke. British employed him as an instructor at the Malayan Police Recruiting and Training Centre in Rawalpindi after the war due to his vast experience.

In 1945, Tun Hussein returned to Malaysia and was appointed Commandant of the Johor Bahru Police Depot. The following year he joined the Malaya Civil Service as an assistant administrative officer in Segamat, Johor and later posted to the state of Selangor, becoming Kelang and Kuala Selangor’s district officer. In 1945, Tun Hussein became the first youth chief of UMNO (United Malays National Organization and in 1950, he was elected as the UMNO secretary general; however, he left UMNO in 1951 to join his father in forming the Independence of Malaya Party (IMP). Later on, Tun Hussein went to London to study law at Lincoln’s Inn, qualifying as a Barrister-at-Law; he came back as a certified lawyer and practiced in Kuala Lumpur. He returned to politics in the year 1968 after being persuade by Prime Minister Tun Abdul Razak to rejoin UMNO. He was then appointed as the education minister after winning the 1969 general elections. On August 13, 1973, Tun Hussein succeeded the late Tun Dr Ismail as the Deputy Prime Minister and he was appointed as the prime minister on January 15, 1976 after the passing away of Tun Razak. Tun Hussein is renowned for stressing on the issue of unity through policies aimed at rectifying economic imbalances between the communities. For example, April 20, 1981, saw the National Unit Trust Scheme being launched. He also gave serious consideration to the concept of Rukun Tetangga and the fight against the drug menace. Tun Hussein Onn was being very sincere in his struggle for racial unity and had a reputation of being firm against anyone that tried to create racial problem in the country. Due to his efforts in promoting goodwill among the various communities, he was known as the Bapa Perpaduan or 'Father of Unity'. On July 17, 1981, he retired from active politics and resigned from his prime minister post due to health problem. Tun Hussein died on the May 29, 1990 in Seaton Medical Center, San Francisco, at the age of 68. He is buried in Makam Pahlawan (Heroes Mausoleum) near Masjid Negara, Kuala Lumpur.