...basics of what to do in investigations. These topics will start with the basic principles of an investigation then lead into the criminal investigation basics then learn the proper evidence acquisition and management the next step in the guide to helping you with the investigation process is employee and administrative investigations ending with personnel investigations. Investigation Principles Investigations are the examination, study, tracking, and the gathering of factual information (Sennewald-Tsukayama 2006). With this being said the investigation process is more of an art form than it is science, but science in many investigations plays a large part. The person that is doing the investigation is the gather of facts; this person must hypotheses and is able to draw a conclusion that is based on the information and the evidence. The basic principle in investigation is that the process is a comprehensive activity that involves the collection of information with the application of logic and the ability to use sound reasoning. The basic end result in any investigation is that it is a factual explanation of what has happened if the issue or incident is that of history, or what is occurring, or if the issue is of the present (Sennewald-Tsukayama 2006). There are two types of investigations to think of the first one is the constructive investigation these are the investigation that are preformed in a secret manner. This is type of investigation is done when the suspects...
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...accepted accounting principles (GAAP) ("Accounting Principles & General Financial Ethical Standards", 2014). Financial ethics and standards determine the success of an organization. The VA is accused of the death of over 1000 waiting for care and budget mismanagement (“Bad VA care may have killed more than 1,000 veterans, senator's report says,” 2014). The alleged deaths could have been avoided through the use of GAAP. The FBI has uncovered millions of Medicare fraud rings (“More Than 20 People Arrested Following Investigations into Widespread Health Care Fraud in D.C. Medicaid Program ” 2014,). The Four Elements of Financial Management According to Baker (2011), the four elements of financial management are: planning, controlling, organizing and decision making. Planning is the stage of identifying the organizations objectives and steps to obtain the objectives. Controlling allows management to measure data from previous and current reports to determine changes within the organization as needed. Organizing is the stage in which management coordinates each aspect of the plan, such as; who, what, when and where. Decision making is management’s final role in making an educated decision based on the other four elements of financial management. Through planning, controlling, organizing, management can effectively carry out the decision making process with knowledge. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) establishes...
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...Law, K.Y. School of Arts and Social Sciences The Open University of Hong Kong Abstract The paper reviews the main difference between scientific investigation and non-scientific investigation and the change of the scientific principles from different approach. In the first section of the text, the author describes the definitions of scientific investigation and non-scientific investigation and the different of both researches. Furthermore, Using the example to explain the difference between the two, so that a better understanding. The second section of this study is to present three styles of scientific principles; it’s divided to positivist search, interpretive search and critical search. It’s analyze the different of the above search and described their characteristic and feature Introduction Scientific investigation is the way in which scientists and researchers use a systematic approach to answer questions about the world around the people. A scientific investigation is an empirical (measurable) study of a question using the scientific method. The main parts are listed below: (1) problem: the question people intend to answer, (2) hypothesis: the best anticipated guess to the outcome of the question, (3) experiment: study is carried out and the results are measured, (4) Results: the data/information measured during the experiment is organized in a meaningful way. Charts/graphs/tables are made, (5)discussion/analysis: the results are interpreted...
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...that the common rules, including moral and ethical ones, cannot fully regulate it and often it is necessary to make very difficult decisions getting through double standards. In fact the case of Jack who revealed the fraudulent use of corporate funds by one of the veterans of BMI, Troy Sozuko, seems to be not an exception and the dilemma he has to solve, being quite complicated, is a typical case of double standards existing not only within the whole company but also on the personal level. It is obvious that Troy Sozuko really violated not only legal but also moral norms since he simply used corporate funds for his personal purposes and his gift was perfectly proved by Jack’s investigation. Moreover, it should be said that the executive’s gift is evident also because a thorough and independent investigation was held. This is why, there are no reason to blame Jack in some personal reasons to dig evidences of Troy’s fraud. At the same time, the fraudulent use of corporate funds by one of the veterans is not so striking and even shocking as the attitude of the ethics officer Matt Thompson to the case since, initially, he practically ignores the allegations and attempts to...
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...Forensics History Theresia L. Coates Criminal Justice 1010 Forensics History What does Forensics mean? How old is forensic science? When it was first applied to the law? How has the Forensic science changed the arrest and prosecution success of criminals? The term "forensic" comes from the Latin and means, simply, having to do with the law. How has Forensics evolved from the beginning until today? Let us delve into the history of forensics and its blossoming partnership with the law. Surprisingly, Forensic Science has been around and used in criminal investigations in some manner since before the Roman Empire making it centuries old. It has only been within the last century that law enforcement agencies and the court systems have come to rely so heavily on the use of scientific practices in crime scene investigations.1 The first application of forensic science was by the Roman physician Antistius in the year 44 B.C., whom examined the body of Julius Caesar. He determined even though the dictator was stabbed 23 times, only one wound through his chest caused his actual death. This autopsy is thought to be the first one recorded and the start of using forensic science. Here in the Greek and Roman society extensive knowledge was developed regarding the production, use and symptoms of various poisons, making it possible to identify their use in previously undetected murders. Thanks to these western civilizations advances in the medical field as well as pharmacology were...
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...a satisfactory moral authority for making ethical decisions. The answer to this lies within one’s own interpretation of what conscience actually is, though through consideration of various theories, conscience can be classed as a viable moral authority. There are various sources which define conscience in different manners; therefore this essay will review a selection of theories produced by Sigmund Freud, and Thomas Aquinas, whilst providing alternate viewpoints inclusive of those of the Islamic religion derived from scripture and also making reference to law and the effect it has on making moral decisions. Conscience can be defined as “the complex of ethical and moral principles that controls or inhibits the actions or thoughts of an individual”, though how we develop these ethical and moral principles will allow one to gather an understanding of how the conscience operates (Encarta Dictionary). Sigmund Freud was a Jewish psychiatrist famed as the founding father of psychoanalysis, which essentially describes that human behaviour, experience, and cognition are largely determined by irrational drives which are...
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...human resources, legal, patient advocacy, to name a few. He has managers in each department that he supervises and who work with him to address the needs of the various internal and external stakeholders of the hospital. Dr. DoRight discovers that some patients within the hospital have been dying as a result of a variety of illegal procedures by doctors and nurses, and negligent supervision and oversight on their part. This was brought to his attention in a few meetings and he told his Regional Director Compliance Manager and Executive Committee in January 2009. He was told by them that the matter would be investigated and they would report any findings to him as soon as possible. After two (2) years, there have been no results from the investigation and some patients are still passing away due to the negligent activities. He also answers to a board of trustees and interfaces with numerous community organizations and corporations who have various reasons for doing business with the hospital. Dr. DoRight continues to win awards for his leadership of the hospital and meeting business goals. He was recently named “Medical Business Executive of the Year” in 2011. Determine at least three (3) different internal and external stakeholders that Dr. DoRight might have to deal with on a daily basis at the hospital. As the president of "Universal Human Care Hospital", Dr. DoRight is in constant contact with many different stakeholders, both internal...
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...In this paper, I will discuss the ethical dilemma faced by a nurse who is caring for an eight month old patient, who reports with his mother to the emergency room with a suspicious fracture. The mother provides a plausible story, and the physician knows the family and does not suspect abuse. I will discuss the action I would take in order to provide the appropriate care for this patient. As a registered professional nurse, I feel the only approach to the case is to report the injury to Department of Family and Child’s Services (DFACS) for their investigation. When a report is made, DFACS will complete an investigation and make the ultimate decision if abuse or neglect was the cause of the injury. Each nurse has a duty to report all suspicious injuries to DFACS, regardless of her feelings on abuse or neglect. This is true even when the physician knows the family or does not suspect abuse. The nurse is responsible for her own actions. In order to provide the best quality of care for this patient, I would take the statement from the parent about how the patient was injured, and then talk to the physician to gather the physical finding, which may include x-ray reports after this information is gathered, I would report the case to the local DFACS. Anytime there is a suspicious injury regardless of the plausibility of the story, or if the physician knows the patient and does not suspect the parent, the DFACS case must be reported. The nurse in this situation has a duty...
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...simple and composite hypothesis. In this particular project I choose the alternative hypothesis as a tool for investigation. In other words this means that I will try to explain and prove that the new idea of shipping service will be successful and at the same time that it will provide a lot of advantages for the company LSA Logistics UK not only when it comes to finance returns, but when it comes to gaining new loyal clients and excellent reputation, too. Valerie J. Easton and John H. McColl (1997) claim that alternative hypothesis should include a proper investigation, which conclusion should explain why the newly invented product or service will be beneficial and needed for a sufficient number of potential clients. To make an alternative hypothesis a person should have objects or services to compare. In this case I have a great deal of competitors, which do offer this type of service. So at the end of the investigation I should be able to conclude that the new highly improved service of LSA Logistics UK is better than the services of the other transport companies in UK that are already on the market. Meanwhile, I should prove that there is a niche for this particular service to grow up and provide finance dividends for the company. Access the background and principals of project management in light of your proposal Simon Buehring (2010) brings out seven principles of project management, which include the following...
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...The accused is entitled to be accorded with a fair trial in accordance with the principles of natural justice. A legal maxim “the accused person is presumed to be innocent unless proven otherwise”. It is through proper trials that criminal justice can be upheld and to achieve this, it is essential that there should be a proper understanding on the procedures in summary trials. The fundamental principle underlying the criminal justice system in Malaysia is that an accused person is innocent until proven guilty. Consonant with this principle, the criminal justice system of Malaysia provides various safeguards to protect accused persons. The duty to investigate an offence is with the police, and the duty to decide whether a person ought to be charged lies with the Attorney-General, who is also the Public Prosecutor. Lawyers bears the duty to defend an accused person and the court adjudicates. A death inquiry is carried out to investigate and ascertain the cause of death. Procedural aspects as contained in the Criminal Procedure Code (Act 593) as well...
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...topic of assignment: ethnography. submitted by Umair Ijaz. (roll Number 1 BS English 4th semester) submitted to: Sir Waseem Akhtar. date of submission: 12-06-2012. OUTLINE In this chapter, I shall define ethnography and describe its central characteristics and principles. I shall also look at the key research concepts of reliability and validity as they relate to ethnography, and will discuss the importance of context to ethnographic inquiry. In the final part of the chapter, I shall highlight some of the 'central concerns of this topic by contrasting psychometry and ethnography, The chapter seeks to address the following questions: • - What do we mean by ethnography? • - What are the key principles guiding ethnographic research? • - How might one deal with threats to the reliability and validity of this type of research? • - Why is context important to ethnographic research? • - In what ways does ethnography contrast with psychometric research? • Definition: Ethnography involves the study of the culture/characteristics of a group to real-world rather than Laboratory settings. The researcher makes no act to isolate or manipulate the phenomena under investigation, and insight generalizations emerge from close contact with the data rather than from theory of language learning and use. it is a qualitative type of research. Ethnography is provided by LeCompte and Goetz (1982). They use ethnography shorthand term to encompass a range of qualitative methods...
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...the mother or a worker at the daycare facility. The nurse makes notes of her concerns within the patients chart as well as verbalizes concern to the emergency room physician regarding the injuries to the infant. It appears to be a lack of follow-up with these concerns so this presents an ethical issue. There are eight ethical principles that a nurse should learn to apply to each situation that he or she feels there is an ethical decision that needs to be made. The eight principles to apply are autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, veracity, fidelity, justice, paternalism, and respect for others (Guido, 2010). Within the nursing field advocacy plays a critical role in keeping the patients safe throughout their encounters with the health care system (Beyea, 2005). One of the conflicts noted in the situation listed is, more research should have been conducted to investigate the cause of the injuries in more detail. Personal values and ethical principles should guide one to do a more extensive investigation into any questionable situation. In this particular case study outside agencies should have been contacted to complete a field investigation into how the infant sustained bilateral femur fractures. It is part of the oath that health care workers take to...
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...com/product/crj-320-wk-1-quiz-1-chapter-1/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM CRJ 320 WK 1 QUIZ 1 CHAPTER 1 CRJ 320 WK 1 Quiz 1 Chapter 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The Latin term that means “to track or trace” and that relates most closely with contemporary police investigations is a. nolo contendere. b. voir dire. c. vestigare. d. certiorari. e. subpoena. 2. Which term describes a logical process in which a conclusion follows from specific facts? a. voir dire b. deductive reasoning c. circumstantial evidence d. Locard’s principle of exchange e. latent investigations 3. According to the text, most cases that are lost are lost during what part of the investigation? a. in the first hour c. in the forensic lab b. before the 911 call is ever made d. when witnesses recant testimony 4. Spontaneous statements uttered by a suspect at the time of a crime, concerning and closely related to actions involved in the crime, are referred to as what type of statements? a. in flagrante delicto c. res gestae b. exculpatory d. uttering 5. In cases where officers were not able to complete the investigation for some reason, what may be required? a. redaction c. motion to dismiss b. follow-up investigation d. waiver of a speedy trial 6. According to the text, when both the public and other professions within the justice system have unrealistic expectations of CSI abilities, law enforcement agencies are said to be suffering from what? a. Grissom effect c. CSI effect b. TV...
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...however, they are of top priority for a number of causes in companies. Companies have to ensure they go after the top tier of moral principles in all of their actions. Moral principles are also significant with respect to business investigation. Throughout this paper, the discourse shall be lodged with regard to a case in which corrupt business analysis methods were executed by the company. My intent is to talk about this case and a range of main clauses concerning this particular case. Presently, in this peculiar case, some moral subjects are to be taken into reflection. In terms of immoral investigation performance, this particular company was certainly engrossed in immoral research performance. The company was a pharmaceutical corporation that worked together with a professor who beforehand supplied the required research linked to the medication of flu (Dominick & Wimmer, 2010). Throughout the course of their accord, he was inquired to remain the research information secret and not to unveil the same to any other party. The corporation which was working on his investigation work was planning to hold back the study work. Consequently, it was judged to be immoral on the side of the pharmaceutical corporation. The pharmaceutical corporation desired to make sure that it collected a high bulk of earnings, in spite of whether the investigation work was complete at the price of collective interests. The upset shareholding groups with respect to the current circumstances...
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...as fraud, inefficiency, and waste. In addition, its purpose is evaluation of performance in all units; ensuring policy compliance and preparation of accurate and reliable accounting data. Internal control operates under five components and six principles; the five components namely; control environment, information and communication, control activities, and risk assessment. The six principles of control activities are; establishment of responsibility, segregation of duties, documentation procedures, physical controls, independent internal verification and human resource control (Kimmel, pg. 338, Straus 2008). The adequacy and effectiveness of any organization’s internal control is examined by the internal audit office. Its success is strengthened by reviews and recommendations from the internal auditing. The internal control requirements for the LJB Company to adhere before it goes publics will be addressed and it must be in accordance with Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX.) All publicly traded corporations are required to preserve a satisfactory internal control system. Corporate presidents and administrators must ensure these controls are dependable and efficient. LJB Company needs to establish adequate internal control principles, whether it goes public or not (Kimmel, pg. 337, Straus 2008). The interest of LJB to go public will only become successful when, proper internal checks are administered. The overall image of the company can be build when the company complies...
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