...Flexographic Prints Flexography is generally known as ‘anline’ printing, it is a method which allows ink printing on several surfaces quickly and efficiently. This printing is seen in ranges of applications, for instance food packing industry and colored plastic bags. It is leading other types of printing like screen printing, because flexography allows faster and larger volume printed goods. At large scale production, flexography allows higher level of automation and minimal operator influence during printing which help producing at economical costs. Figure 1 is graphical representation of flexographic printing. Basically, it transfer liquid ink on the raised surface of photopolymer printing plate which contains the image which is to be printed, then it is transferred on the substrate for creating reproduction of the image. The circumference of the cylinder is enveloped with the printing plate with the help of double sided tape, it allows nonstop printing without resetting the machine after every print cycle. Flexography is a simple method. It starts with collecting maximum liter of ink in the container which is in constant access to the printer. The ink is constantly fed to the machine in bulk to keep the printing process constant and steady. Later ‘anilox’ rolls to collects ink on the press. Anilox is cylindrical in shape which contains numerous microscopic recesses designed for retaining ink. These shapes include: * pyramid recesses * truncated pyramid recesses...
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...Z Corporation 3D Printing Technology Fast, Affordable and Uniquely Versatile Introduction Originally developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1993, ThreeDimensional Printing technology (3DP™) forms the basis of Z Corporation’s prototyping process. 3DP technology creates 3D physical prototypes by solidifying layers of deposited powder using a liquid binder. By definition 3DP is an extremely versatile and rapid process accommodating geometry of varying complexity in hundreds of different applications, and supporting many types of materials. Z Corp. pioneered the commercial use of 3DP technology, developing 3D printers that leading manufacturers use to produce early concept models and product prototypes. Utilizing 3DP technology, Z Corp. has developed 3D printers that operate at unprecedented speeds, extremely low costs, and within a broad range of applications. This paper describes the core technology and its related applications. How does Z Corp.’s technology work? Source Data Z Corp.’s 3D printing technology leverages 3D source data, which often takes the form of computer-aided design (CAD) models. Mechanical CAD software packages, the first applications to create 3D data, have quickly become the standard for nearly all product development processes. Other industries such as architectural design have also embraced 3D technologies because of the overwhelming advantages they provide, including improved visualization, greater automation, and more...
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...Alfred State College Technology Forecast & Assessment of 3D Printing Anthony Prete TMGT 7003: Technology Innovation 27 September 2015 Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction 3 Application Areas of 3D Printing 4 Innovation Type 4 Product or Process or Organizational 5 Radical or Incremental 5 Component or Architectural 5 Competency Enhancing or Competency Destroying 6 Technology Life Cycle Stage 6 Pre- Commercial or Commercial Period 6 Field Trials 6 Technology Divergence & Convergence 6 Technological Divergence 6 Technological Convergence 7 Technology Forecast 7 Future-Aligning 8 Self-Fulfilling 9 Forecast Intent 9 Factors Impacting Adoption 9 Technological Factors 9 Social Factors 9 Economic Factors 9 Political Factors 10 Ecological Factors 10 3D Printing is Coming 10 Works Cited 11 Executive Summary You might have heard of 3D printing from newscasters and journalists, astonished at what they’ve witnessed. It can print in plastic, metal, nylon, and over a hundred of other materials. 3D printing can be used to print little objects of candy to producing a whole apartment complex. 3D printing has been used over recent years to print small scale objects. However, some architects and other construction professionals are looking to introduce 3D printing technology in the construction industry. The research below will cover: application areas of the technology, type of innovation, technology life...
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...Printing Services (Business Plan) Product or Service: We plan to offer printing services, convenient enough to students like us in terms of location, service hours, and service charges. Market Analysis: We will cater the needs of the student body of UPVIC. They may need their outputs printed as early as possible so our printing services will start around 7 in the morning and will close at around 5 in the afternoon. We can easily reach them and they as well can avail of our services since we plan to set up our stall in the student lounge. To cite some of our advantages, we are closest to the students’ everyday routine, a page of black text would only cost them a peso compared to the two peso rate in printing shops located outside the campus and these competitors do not open their shops until around 8 to 9 in the morning. Strategy and Implementation Each of the six (6) members will take turns of working in the stall and watching over the business. There will be at least three (3) members per shift. Shifts will be made if one of the on-duties will have a class. Our starting capital will be Php 500.00 for the ink and bond papers. The laptop will be provided by themembers and the printer by the members also. Web Plan Summary: Our marketing strategies would include posting advertisements on bulletin boards around the school and online and verbal dissemination of information Management Team: The team is composed of Econ 102 students of...
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...connected and work on the move. The printer remains the one device that seemed to have missed the mobile revolution. Our new startup company has come up with a new product to turn this necessary accessory into a mobile tool by creating a mini mobile robotic printer that can be can used simply by placing it on a blank sheet of paper. The company works with the main focus on changing existing products in the market through innovation and making them more efficient, and the Pocket Printer aptly reiterates this objective. CURRENT MARKET SITUATION Even though the printing industry is declining at an average rate of 2%, it generated an astounding $77.6 billion in 2014. The printing industry is highly fragmented, with the four largest printing companies accounting for less than 25% of the industry’s revenue. This indicates that there is no clear domination and new companies do not face strong barriers to entry (Printing in the US Industry). There are two direct competitors, the portable printers offered by Canon and HP. They have both received positive reviews and show a general rising popularity on Google trends indicating an interest in the product category. While the pocket printer is a unique product, there are some weaknesses in the current prototype. Strength | Weakness | Light and portablePrint on paper of all sizesEasy connectivity | Slow speed of printingPrints only in greyscale | Opportunities | Threats | First of its kindInterest from Microsoft | Patent pending...
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...Robert A. Bratton ITT-Tech Printing the future in the not too distant future people should have access to 3d printing machines giving them the ability to make virtually anything that they can think of. Just over the past few years the technology has jumped by leaps and bounds. We have gone from 2d printing on paper to laser printing in gel and no we have printers that can scan and reproduce at least the exterior of an object. [Title Here, up to 12 Words, on One to Two Lines] The biggest advantage of having the ability to 3D print an object is it allows you to skip a large amount of the design faze and move more into production faster. By having the model printed early in designing a product it allows the designer to see flaws in the design allowing for faster correction. Another advantage is to the private sector it allows individuals to print things that they can use without having to run around and shop for thing that they might need like spoons, forks, bowls, and cups. The cost of 3D printers has decreased dramatically since about 2010, with machines that used to cost $20,000 now costing less than $1,000. For instance, as of 2013, several companies and individuals are selling parts to build various designs, with prices starting at about $500. The open source project has developed printers for general use with anything that can be squirted through a nozzle, from chocolate to silicone sealant and chemical reactants. Printers following the project's designs have been...
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...What is 3D printing? 3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file. The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes. In an additive process an object is created by laying down successive layers of material until the entire object is created. Each of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizontal cross-section of the eventual object. How does 3D printing work? It all starts with making a virtual design of the object you want to create. This virtual design is made in a CAD (Computer Aided Design) file using a 3D modeling program (for the creation of a totally new object) or with the use of a 3D scanner (to copy an existing object). A 3D scanner makes a 3D digital copy of an object. 3d scanners use different technologies to generate a 3d model such as time-of-flight, structured / modulated light, volumetric scanning and many more. Recently, many IT companies like Microsoft and Google enabled their hardware to perform 3d scanning, a great example is Microsoft’s Kinect. This is a clear sign that future hand-held devices like smartphones will have integrated 3d scanners. Digitizing real objects into 3d models will become as easy as taking a picture. Prices of 3d scanners range from very expensive professional industrial devices to 30 USD DIY devices anyone can make at home. Processes and technologies Not all 3D printers use the same technology. There are several ways to print and...
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...gold or silver. Later, the Continental Congress of the United States chose the dollar over other suggested types of currency and this selection was formalized in the Coinage Act of 1792. The first dollar was issued on September 8, 1789. The United States banknotes are printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and the United States coins are produced by the United States Mint. This currency was guaranteed with gold and silver until 1861. In 1861, banknotes were introduced to help finance the Civil War and the first real dollar note was created by the Federal Reserve Act of 1913. “Since 1971, dollar notes have been the only form of money in the United States. With currency coins having no gold or silver backing, US dollars are to be backed by the “full faith and credit” of the US government.” (United States Dollar) One interesting fact is that the largest bill ever printed was worth $100,000. This bill was never circulated, but was used during transactions with the Federal Reserve Bank. It was printed between December 18, 1934 and January 9, 1935 and had a portrait of President Woodrow Wilson on the front. No longer is the Bureau of Engraving and Printing a handful of individuals that have hand-cranked machines in the basement of the Treasury building. It has now grown into multiple processes requiring highly trained, skilled employees with specialized cutting edge technological equipment to produce...
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...The Printing Press Introduction: The Advancement The advancement in question is the printing press, a technological innovation that profoundly altered human culture. It may be argued, in fact, that this advancement revolutionized humanity and society in a manner rivaled only by the modern advent of the Internet. Moreover, as will be discussed, these were impacts with both varied and far-reaching consequences: “Paper and printing paved the way for religious reformation and made possible popular education” (Thompson, 1978, p. 167). It is then all the more astonishing that such consequences could arise from so simple a mechanism, or that its development would be realized as late as the 15th century. What is generally considered the original version of the modern printing press is a machine consisting of several key components. A long wooden table provides the surface for setting out the paper and ink, and these are then placed under the upright frame of the press itself. Before this step, however, every stage requires exacting work. First, the type is needed, which are metal blocks with raised letters, numbers, and punctuation marks on one end. This type is then arranged to spell out the document, smeared with ink, and lowered by the frame onto the paper by means of a large and adjustable screw, supported by a cross beam (Hook, 2009, p. 46). The press is, again, hardly an impressive-looking feat of engineering. Essentially, it looks...
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...3D Printing: Manufacturing Randall Ballard, Jerry Boggs, Bol Bol, and Jiro Newton DeVry University LAS 432 Professor Lynn Wallace April 19, 2014 Table of Contents I. 3D Printing: Manufacturing – Randall, Jerry, Bol, and Jiro 4 II. How 3D Printing Works – Randall 4 a. 3D Printing or Additive Manufacturing? 5 b. Commercial Manufacturing 5 III. The Historical Development and Context of the Technology – Randall 6 c. Chuck Hall 6 i. Time line. 7 d. A 3D Printer in Every Home 7 IV. How New is the Technology? – Jerry 8 e. Is it Really Printing? 8 V. The Technology’s Potential to Disrupt Industries – Jerry 9 VI. Communicating With the 3D Printer – Jerry 9 f. The Process 10 ii. The 8-step process. 10 g. Reducing the Development Time 11 VII. Economic Considerations – Jerry 11 h. Rapid Prototyping 12 i. What Is the ROI? 12 j. Manufacturing Processes 13 iii. Economies of scale. 13 k. The Level of Interest 14 iv. Digitizing creative content. 14 v. Is it your creation? 15 l. Localization vs. Outsourcing 15 VIII. The Psychological Perspective & Social Effect – Jerry 16 m. A Paradigm Shift...
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...Discussions Printing press has allowed information to be spread quickly and accurately. This was particularly useful for communication between scientists, and it also gave authors more prominence and boosted literacy rates by making the printed word ubiquitous. That’s why, even as the printing press gives way to new technologies, its impact on society can’t be ignored. Printing is not something one may think of often, but it does impact our lives everyday. From the morning newspaper to church on Sundays, printing is important to our society. Without printing we wouldnt have books, papers, magazines or many other information tools. To truly understand printing one must look at the machines, processes and technology that has shaped its history. Technology has impacted every industry, but perhaps has really improved the printing industry. The introduction of computers make setting up type and tone much easier. Laser printing and digital printing have sent the process to new heights, allowing printers to do more than ever. High definition abilities make todays printed material of the highest quality ever seen. With the combination of new advances in machinery, processes and technology the printing industry has grown and changed. It is an important part of daily life and with its evolution through history has become even better. As art is said to be a mirror of mood, so are the values of the time reflected in art of an era. The dynamics of the printing have changed dramatically...
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...The Printing Press What’s so important about the Printing Press? It had numerous reasons as to why it was so important, but this essay will just name a few. This will tell the reader who invented it and what inspired him to do so. It will explain the importance the printing press had at the time it was invented. Along with explaining how important the machine was at the time of its invention, this will also explain how the machine is still important today. It is important because it enabled books such as the bible to be produced and helped the spread of ideas. Johan Gutenberg lived in Strasberg, Germany in 1450 when he invented the Printing Press Movable. Information concerning Gutenberg’s life is minimal since history has little knowledge about him. One thing we do know is that he was born in Mainz, Germany, where he moved to and set up a printing shop and completed the first true book in the West produced by his movable printing press: The Bible, completed between 1455 -1456. Unfortunately, he lost his shop to a creditor. Gutenberg died at the age of seventy-one in the year 1468. Printing became one of the largest industries in the western world. It had an enormous impact on the intellectual society. New religious ideas would have never been able to spread with such speed and ease throughout Europe without the aid of printing press. The Bible commentaries, books of devotion, and sermons made up more than 50% of the publication printed and spread throughout Europe...
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...inventions that changed lives. One invention that really changed every person’s life for the good was the printing press. Before the printing press, everything was handwritten and most books were mostly copied and handwritten by monks. The monks would copy and write the bible the most but they would also copy things such as philosophical views and other types of scholarly documents. The spread of knowledge has been easier to spread due to the printing press. The printing press allowed books, articles, newspapers, pamphlets, and documents to be reproduced and printed on a much larger scale and in much quicker time. Also, it made communication a lot simpler by giving people an easy and quick way to communicate. When the printing press came out, it allowed anything to be printed in other common languages such as English, French, Latin, German, and other European languages that were common at the time. The printing press also helped creating a standardized language by making up and printing a dictionary. The dictionary was able to give people the knowledge to understand each other better and know the same meaning of every word. It was less costly for people to learn how to write and read, making it easier to communicate more effectively. The spread of knowledge through the printing press was getting many more people interested in the written word other than believing myths. The printing press has been involved and influenced in the Reformation, the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution...
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...Chelsea Johnson 3D Printing and Designers 3D Printing has made a huge impact on the world today; 3D printed clothes, shoes, body parts, bones, food and the list goes on. 3D printing is the process of adding a material to make a three dimensional solid object from a digital file. It is taking the world by storm changing so many dynamics. Even the 3D printer itself has evolved throughout the years. It can print the smallest thing such as a ring to a life size sculpture of some sort. The printer ranges in sizes and materials it can print; It is so diverse to what it can print. 3D printing entered the fashion industry a couple years ago and has been rising in popularity over the years. Designers such as Iris Van Herpen, Alexis Walsh, Mary Huang, Hoon Chung, and Ross Barber all use or have used 3D printing in their designs. Alexis Walsh uses 3D printing to create wearable designs combined with sculptural forms. Ales is an artist and designer living in NYC. To create her works she focuses on using the human body as a canvas. Her materials mostly consist of metal and plastic and she sews all her garments by hand, focusing on couture design technique. She has many awards and accomplishments under belt. Her looks have been seen on the runway, she’s been featured in magazines, and she’s won many rewards. Recently her and Ross Leonardy’s, 3D Printed dress, The Spire Dress, was showcased in NYFW A/W 2016. The dress is made up of four-hundred individual pieces of white nylon. The Spire...
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...In my 3D printing is a vastly expanding field with the excitement and use for 3D printing growing every day. In this paper I will talk about the beginning history of 3D printing and touch on the multiple areas of the economy it will slowly change such as manufacturing, architecture, cooking, prosthetics, organs, and more. The beautiful thing about 3D printing is the possibility of thinking “I can build and make anything I can think up on my own” is amazing. With the length of time it takes to come up with an idea to creating that idea to it being outsourced for manufacturing 3D printers decrease time and money by essentially cutting out the middle man making it so much easier for the consumer. If you are someone in need of a prosthetic extremity 3D printing can decrease the price and time on receiving that prosthetic. For these reasons I extremely believe that 3D printing will drastically change things economically around the world. In history of 3D printing since 1984 there has been extreme progress each year. The 3D printer evolved from the ink jet printer with the idea to substitute ink with actual materials in successive layers to create a physical object from a digital file. Charles Hull the co-founder of 3D systems invented the stereo lithography apparatus (SLA) a printing process that allows a 3D object to be created from digital data. Using UV laser solidifying photo polymer, a liquid with the color of honey that makes three dimensional parts layer by layer...
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