...Deep Space Exploration The immediate question being asked is should people explore deep space. One of the benefits of deep space exploration will be our ability to mine valuable resources from asteroids, eliminating the need for mining metals from the ground and tearing up our planet. Another would be the benefits of furthering medical research. I, for one, feel that Humans should explore deep space, because there are huge benefits for exploring deep space. There are of course obstacles in the way of the benefits of deep space so, what is the price tag on a deep space flight? Is what will be gained be worth the price that tax payers spend? Cost is only part of the problem; NASA has not launched a rocket since the Saturn V rockets used to take astronauts to the moon. And has been seen in recent days, the space shuttles are an old technology and have been retired. Another daunting question is the moral implications of sending people into deep space since they have no idea what effects having a human child in space would have on the child itself nor what effects zero G would have on an expecting mother. How will NASA be able to get exploration vehicles into space? What is needed is a solution to these problems. They need to figure out a way to make space exploration to become affordable. They will need to figure out a way to not only bring in money but also how to make space missions affordable. There may be several ways that this can be accomplished. Also, NASA will need...
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...Individual and Structural On 1st February, 2003, the Columbia space shuttle was expected to make its way back on earth without any mishaps. However, this never happened because the shuttle broke apart in the Texas skies. NASA had eagerly waited for the Columbia to bring back various important research results after completing its 16 day mission in space. NASA has faced three major crises that are well documented and accessible to the public. The first tragedy took place in 1967 involving the Apollo 1 Spacecraft. In 1986, exactly after two decades, the Challenger space shuttle tragically exploded off the Florida coast. The most worrying trend is that NASA has a well-documented history about the accidents and it was expected that they would have learned something from the previous crises. NASA has totally undermined its credibility with resistance to change. The Columbia mishap can be attributed to resistance to change the individual and structural culture of the organization. Individual and organizational sources of resistance The loss of lives and disintegration of the Columbia shuttle can be traced to the resistance of the NASA leaders to change. The cause of this accident can partly draw its roots to the policy environment that followed the turbulent post-Cold War era. In the period between 1960s and early 1980s, both the Soviet Union and USA were fighting to show their supremacy in every aspect of their lives. The space was one area where these battles took place. This means...
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...Jeremy Kibbey Martin Rottler April 25, 2018 Kibbey 2000 Paper Industry Reading List Assignment “We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard.” Said John F. Kennedy on September 12, 1962 at Rice University. This quote was also the introductory statement to the book “The Privatization of Space Exploration” By Lewis D Solomon, who explains the spirit of America in the 1960s we shifted our thinking from the age of the depression, where-in people would scrounge the earth to fix something broken and make it work. Today, as Solomon identified even in the 60s that people found it more efficient and effective to buy new when something was broken. Some of this complacency, and lack of intellectual intrigue to build engineer and repair, Solomon identified as a product of NASAs monopoly. This idea of lack of ingenuity, resource or desire is one hammered into my head since the start of my aviation career at 12 years old. I had begun Civil Air Patrol, a venture that would turn into a seven year commitment and result in life long friendships. My greatest mentor and the best pilot I have ever met drilled into my brain that nothing cannot be created without...
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...America has tossed its cap over the wall of space. -John F. Kennedy Introduction On February 1st, 2003 seven Americans lost their lives while returning to earth after finishing a mission for mankind. These Americans were aboard the space shuttle Challenger that broke apart during reentry into the earth’s atmosphere and was completely destroyed. After an extensive investigation the cause of the accident was determined to be the result of a hole that was punctured into the leading edge of the aircraft during takeoff (NASA). This hole resulted in an excess heating on the leading edge of the wing and then the failure of the wing. This was just the physical cause of the accident that destroyed the shuttle. There were other aspects of the entire NASA program that could have prevented this from occurring but there were failures in the system. Not one factor contributed Columbia accident, but a combination of factors are the root of the cause. The purpose of this case is to input the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB) in the Burke-Litwin model. This is not to reorganize the very through report by CAIB, but to see where the findings can fit in to show how both internal and external factors that affect change within NASA. One of the most important factors to understand with the Burke-Litwin model is that all 12 factors interact and affect each other. NASA just like any other organization can have negative traits that affect positive traits. This relationship is...
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...One of the world’s most competitive and prominent industries is the airlines industry. It generates huge amounts of income as well as employment each year. Some of the common names in US air travel service providers are Alaska, Northwest, Southwest, US airways, American etc. According to the latest statistics given by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the airline sector will post a profit of $9 billion in 2011. After the recent credit crunch, economies are now coming back to normal, business travel is increasing and investments in the airlines are now rising. Political/Legal influences Privatization Over the years airlines have undergone large-scale privatization; previously a significant portion of airlines industry was government-owned. Privatizing the industry has led to drastic increase in the number of air service providers and the airline travellers. Legal provision Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) was established to control the activities of the commercial Airline industry; it used to set the rates and even the mergers in the industry till the first forty years after its establishment. Then Airline Deregulation Act 1978 was adopted to make the industry more efficient and privately owned. This act removed the powers of CAB, subsequently CAB was wound up in 1984. This act still gives the authority of regulating air safety to government through Federal Aviation Administration. All airlines need to have 2 certificates: 1. Fitness certificate (issued...
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...OVERVIEW OF AVIATION PRIVATIZATION IN EUROPE, AFRICAN AND ASIAN COUNTRY PREPARED BY: NUR IZZAH IWANI BT IBRAHIM@ABD RAHMAN 2010554633 NURUL HARYANIE BT MISRAN 2010572197 WANDEE BT JAMIL 2010558697 GROUP : AC220 8B PREPARED FOR : ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DR. ASMAH ABDUL AZIZ PERSONAL BIOGRAPHY NUR IZZAH IWANI BT IBRAHIM @ ABD. RAHMAN 2010554663 NURUL HARYANIE BT MISRAN 2010572197 WANDEE BT JAMIL 2010558697 Contents ABSTRACT 3 KEYWORDS 3 INTRODUCTION 4 OVERVIEW OF AVIATION PRIVATIZATION IN EUROPE, AFRICAN AND ASIAN COUNTRIES 5 Argentina – Its pitfall and the problems behind it 5 Turkey – A Privatization through BOT 7 Kenya Airways – A Successful Story 9 Malaysian Airlines Considering Privatization 10 Germany-Fully privatized and partially privatized 12 Privatization in United Kingdom 14 IMPLICATION OF PRIVATIZATION 16 RECOMMENDATIONS 17 REFERENCES 18 ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the privatization of airports in six different countries which are Argentina, Turkey, Germany, United Kingdom, Malaysia and Kenya. The analysis aims to highlight the objectives, implementation and the government rules towards privatization of airports. This paper also aims to identify to what degree privatization contributes to or enhances the performance of the airports. The study measures the change in any given indicator of performance whether the privatization on the airports...
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...CASE: Connecting within Oneworld Following 2010 approval by U.S. and Japanese authorities for antitrust immunity, American Airlines (AA) and Japan Airlines (JAL) began sharing routes in 2011 that connect mainland North America with East Asia through a nonequity joint venture. Flights between Honolulu and Japan are not included in the agreement. This joint venture is similar to one forged among AA, British Airways, and Iberia for trans-Atlantic travel that began operating in 2010. In both cases, the agreements allow representatives from each airline to jointly manage capacity, sell and promote space on flights operated by each other, divide revenues, and schedule connecting flights. The major thrusts for these ventures are to cut operating costs by better controlling capacity, avoid disruptive price competition among them, and schedule so that there are more and better departure times and connections for passengers. The proposals are merely extensions to a historical series of alliances linking international airlines. In fact, the airline industry is unique in that its need to form collaborative arrangements has been important almost from the start of international air travel because of regulatory, cost, and competitive factors. In recent years, this need has accelerated because of airlines’ difficult profit performance. In effect, the airlines have been squeezed. First, costs have been rising, particularly because of oil prices and the requirement for greater...
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...Privatization of Prisons Private Prison, Inc. Introduction America has been getting tougher on lawbreakers. This is something that the public long has been demanding. The problem it creates, however, is a shortage of prison capacity to hold the increased numbers of convicted criminals. This has led to: prison overcrowding, sometimes prompting court actions against penal systems; rapidly rising operational outlays; and taxpayer resistance to the cost of new prisons. A partial answer to the problems of prison overcrowding and high costs may be the "privatization" of prisons. Costs and overcrowding problems are the driving force behind the privatization phenomenon. As a national average, it costs roughly $20,000 per year to keep an inmate in prison. There are approximately 650,000 inmates in state and local prisons. This costs taxpayers an estimated $18 billion each year. More than two thirds of the states are facing serious overcrowding problems, and many are operating at least 50 percent over capacity. Cost comparisons between private and government operation of prisons show frequent cost savings under private management. While the national average cost to hold a prisoner in a government run prison is $40 per inmate a day, many privately run prisons charge the governments on average lower fees. U.S. Corrections Corporation (USCC), a private company headquartered in Louisville charges Kentucky charges a daily fee of $25 per inmate. In their first year of operation in...
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...Application of Game Theory In Biman Bangladesh Airlines Application of Game Theory In Biman Bangladesh Airlines Submitted to, XXX Lecturer Department of YYY University of ZZZ Submitted by, Group “Oracles” 17th Batch B section Date of Submission: 19th March, 2012 Dated: 19th April, 201 XXX Lecturer Department of YYY University of ZZZ Subject: Solicitation for acceptance of the Report on “Application of Game theory in Biman Bangladesh Airlines”. Dear Sir, We are very much pleased to submit the report on “Application of Game theory in Biman Bangladesh Airlines” which provides us the opportunity of practicing our theoretical knowledge. Though it is our first such type of report but all the works presented here is done with utmost sincerely and honesty. We have tried our best to make this report holistic and informative enough. Besides this, there may be shortcomings. We would be grateful if you consider those from excusable point. Thanking you Sincerely yours The group “Oracles” Batch-17th Section: B ACKNOWLEDGEMENT For the completion of this we cannot deserve all praise. First of all we like to thank the Almighty Allah who gives us the opportunity to prepare this project successfully. We do believe that it is his blessings on us that we have completed this report in spite of some initial obstacles. We are very thankful to our course instructor XXX. Under his caring guidance we found the completion...
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...Wernher Von Braun | Impact on Physics | John Doe | This report is on Wernher Von Braun and his impact on physics. We will discuss his life, where he came from, his education, and his accomplishments. We will discuss the effect he and others like him had on our lives, how they changed them, and their contribution to science. Wernher Von Braun was born March 23, 1912 the second of three sons born to Baron Magnus von Braun and Baroness Emmy von Quistorp. Born in thecity of Wirsitz, the province of Posen in the Prussian area of Germany. Von Braun being born the son of a Baron and Baroness. Wernher and his brothers all became Barons at birth, they being born of German nobility. Wernher and his brothers were raised to be honorable and educated. At an early age of four Von Braun’s father had noted he could read a paper upside down and ask his teachers question they couldn’t answer even then showing an understanding complex matter above others his age. His father’s job as a diplomat had him transferred to Berlin where in the 1920 he studied music, a passion he continued until adulthood. In 1924 at 12 years old the young aspiring rocketeers first rocket experiment didn’t go so well for him. Wernher after talking his older brother, Magnus into helping.The two Von Braun brothers bought 6 large skyrockets and lashed them to Wernher’s coaster wagon. Then placing the wagon with the rockets mounted on it on the most upscale street in Berlin. They ignited the fuses and Werher jumped...
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...The Making of a Successful Duty-Free Retail in the newly privatised International Airports in India – ‘Major Challenges and Strategies’ Vinay Bhuwania M.M.S., University of Mumbai Dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MSc. In Retail Management, University of Stirling University of Stirling 2006-2007 Declaration VINAY BHUWANIA 1. I confirm I have submitted an electronic version of the dissertation and give my permission for the Department of Marketing to run this through a programme which will check for plagiarism. I also give my permission for the Department of Marketing to reserve the right to place my dissertation on the University website for future students to access and view. 2. Signature: ………………………………… Date: ………………………………………. i Acknowledgements Firstly I would like to thank to my parents for their unwavering trust and wholehearted support; thanks to them I had the opportunity to live one of the most wonderful and unforgettable year of my life. Many thanks, to all my seniors and colleagues in all the organisations that I have worked, for their encouragement. I am also deeply grateful to my wife Preeti (Tofu), for her heartfelt support all throughout. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Paul Freathy, for his support and guidance and enhancing my knowledge on the subject of airport-retailing. Also wish to thank Cathy Butts - Resource Centre Manager, University...
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...Aviation Industry Information The airline industry provides transportation services for passengers as well as cargo through scheduled air routes. The aviation industry derives its revenues from regular ticket fees and freight charges. Other major components of the aviation sector include: • Air traffic control • Helicopter and private charter services • Airport management • Express delivery service History of the Airline Industry The pioneers of the airline industry, the Wright Brothers invented the first airplane in 1903. The first modern airliner, Boeing 247, was launched in 1933. It traveled at 155 miles per hour and had a capacity of ten passengers. Boeing 747 was launched by Pan Am in 1969. This highly sophisticated aircraft had four engines and a seating capacity of 450. The airline industry initially fell under the category of a public utility service, with government agencies establishing the air routes and prices. However, with the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, the industry became market driven. Demand and Supply Drivers of the Airline Industry The demand drivers of the airline industry include: o Ticket prices o Passenger income levels o Access to and suitability of other modes of transportation o Frequency of services • Safety • Random factors such as terror threat The supply...
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...Introduction : Rise of India and China India and China are the two most populated countries in the world, each with a little over 1 billion people. Both countries have long and ancient history. Both are unique in having an unbroken stream of ancient culture and civilization for centuries before the dawn of the Christian era. Populations of both countries consist of very highly educated and technically skilled work force. In both countries, there is very large middle class, progressively becoming very hungry for vast quantities of consumer goods. However until the 1980s, their economies were among the poorest in the world. India has been the largest democracy since 1947 but heart-rending sights of extreme poverty can be seen even in the flourishing business capitals. There are no subways, very few highways which results in nightmarish tangle of traffic all the time. China has been under the communist rule since the revolution led by Mao Tse Tung in 1966 and still continues to be under the centralized communist rule. Both the countries operated under centralized planning and kept their economies closed to global markets. However, in the past two decades, the world is witnessing a strange miracle taking place in both the countries. In the early 1980s, first China and later, India, started opening their economies to foreign direct investment and began participating more and more in global trade. The world had never witnessed this rare phenomenon of two relatively poor countries...
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...CONFIDENTIAL EXPERT REPORT Research Study of the Civil Aviation Sector in India SUBMITTED TO: The Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Govt. of India, India SUBMITTED BY: Nathan Economic Consulting India Pvt. Ltd., India www.nathaninc.com January 24, 2012 CONFIDENTIAL Table of contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 7 Market Structure and Competition Issues ......................................................................................... 11 Identification of Anti-Competitive Provisions and Practices ......................................................... 15 Analysis of the Identified Issues .......................................................................................................... 24 5.1 Fleet and Equity Requirements ................................................................................................................... 24 5.2 Route Dispersal Guidelines......................................................................................................................... 29 5.3 Slot Allocation ..............................................................................................................................................
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...Contents • 1 History o 1.1 Early history 1.1.1 Wright Amendment o 1.2 1980s–90s o 1.3 2000s 1.3.1 Repealing the Wright Amendment 1.3.2 2008–2009 o 1.4 2010s 1.4.1 AirTran Airways acquisition 1.4.2 2011–present • 2 Corporate identity o 2.1 Advertising • 3 Corporate affairs o 3.1 Headquarters o 3.2 Employment o 3.3 Impact on carriers o 3.4 Lobbying Texas rail • 4 Destinations o 4.1 Top served cities o 4.2 International service • 5 Airline partnerships o 5.1 Codeshare agreements • 6 Fleet o 6.1 Current fleet o 6.2 Fleet history o 6.3 Livery o 6.4 Special liveries • 7 Products and services o 7.1 Southwest experience o 7.2 In-flight entertainment o 7.3 Evolve interior • 8 Rapid Rewards • 9 Incidents and accidents • 10 Controversies • 11 See also • 12 References • 13 External links History Early history Southwest Airlines Boeing 737-200 wearing the original airline colors when landing at San Antonio in 1975 Southwest Airlines traces their roots to the March 16, 1967 incorporation of Air Southwest Co. by Rollin King and Herb Kelleher to provide service within the state of Texas.[2][3] Kelleher believed that by providing intrastate service within Texas, the airline could avoid federal regulation.[8] Three airlines (Braniff, Trans-Texas, and Continental Airlines) started legal action which was not resolved for three years. Air Southwest prevailed in 1970 when the Texas Supreme Court upheld Air Southwest’s right to fly within Texas.[9]...
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