...Introduction to Statistics QTM403 Basic Information Program | BBA 3 (Hons.) | Semester | Fall 2015 | Credit Hours | 3 | Pre requisites (if any) | Mathematics | Resource Person | Iftikhar Hussain | Contact information | ihgrw85@gmail.com | Course Description: Important decisions are rarely made by intuition alone. We need to use the data to develop our insights and to support our analysis. Quantitative analysis includes the tools and techniques with which we seek to replicate reality mathematically and statistically. Statistical Techniques are applied in all the functions of business like Operations, Marketing, HR, Finance etc. The aim of this course is to learn when a technique is appropriate and what it can achieve. The emphasis throughout the course is on concepts and reasoning rather than technical details. You should acquire some basic data analysis skills but most importantly, become a more informed and critical producer and user of business Statistical analyses. Learning Objectives: Ser. # | Course Learning Objectives | Link with Program Learning Objectives | 1 | To understand the basic concepts and principles used in Business Statistics. | To inculcate business knowledge and analytical skills in graduates to think decisively in order to develop innovative solutions to problems in a business environment. | 2 | Organizing qualitative and quantitative data into a frequency table, displaying the data through charts...
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...Institute of Management Sciences Peshawar Bachelors in Business Studies Course Plan Course Title: Statistics for Business Instructor: Shahid Ali Contact Email shahid.ali@imsciences.edu.pk Semester/Duration: 16 Weeks Course objectives : To introduce students to the concepts of statistics and to equip them with analytical tools to be used in business decision making. The course is intended to polish the numeric ability of the students to identify business problems, describe them numerically and to provide intelligible solutions by data collection and inferential principles. Course pre-requisites Intermediate statistics Attendance Policy: Late arrivals are highly discouraged. Any student coming late to a class late by 5 minutes after the scheduled start time will be marked as absent for the day. The teacher reserves discretion, however, to allow or disallow any student, to sit in the class in case of late arrivals. Attendance is not be entertained once the attendance register is closed. Class Project Students will be divided in groups for a class project. Each group will have to nominate a group leader. The details of the project will be made available to the group leader. Class Presentations Each student will have to make at least one individual presentation and one group presentation in the class. The group presentation will be on the project explained earlier. The individual presentations will...
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...Statistics is the study of the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of data.[1][2] It deals with all aspects of data, including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments.[1] The word statistics, when referring to the scientific discipline, is singular, as in "Statistics is an art."[3] This should not be confused with the word statistic, referring to a quantity (such as mean or median) calculated from a set of data,[4] whose plural is statistics ("this statistic seems wrong" or "these statistics are misleading"). Some consider statistics a mathematical body of science that pertains to the collection, analysis, interpretation or explanation, and presentation of data,[5] while others consider it a branch of mathematics[6] concerned with collecting and interpreting data. Because of its empirical roots and its focus on applications, statistics is usually considered a distinct mathematical science rather than a branch of mathematics.[7][8] Much of statistics is non-mathematical: ensuring that data collection is undertaken in a way that produces valid conclusions; coding and archiving data so that information is retained and made useful for international comparisons of official statistics; reporting of results and summarised data (tables and graphs) in ways comprehensible to those who must use them; implementing procedures that ensure the privacy of census information. Statisticians improve data quality by developing...
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...International Journal of Economics, Business and Finance Vol. 1, No. 11, December 2013, PP: 431- 446, ISSN: 2327-8188 (Online) Available online at http://ijebf.com/ Research article Determinants of Loan Repayment Performance of Smallholder Farmers: The Case of Kalu District, South Wollo Zone, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia Zelalem Gebeyehu1*, Hassen Beshire1 and Jema Haji2 1 Department of Economics, Wollo University, P.O Box. 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia. * Corresponding author Email: zelalemgebeyehu1936@gmail.com 2 Department of Agricultural Economics, Haramaya University, P.O Box.138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. ____________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT In this study to compare defaulters and non-defaulters in terms of different explanatory variables and determine the extent of default in the repayment of loan offered to smallholder farmers in the study area were assessed. Smallholder farmers require improved agricultural technologies, knowledge and inputs such as fertilizer, improved seeds, pesticides and others that help to increase production and productivity thereby transforming their farm structure and capacity. Large investment cannot be made by the farmers out of their own funds because of their low level of incomes. Even though there are attempts to solve these rural financial difficulties by the government through extending rural financial institutions, because of social, economic and institutional factors, a number of...
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...Calculating time cost, money cost, and return on forecast, all are based on data mining, marketing research, information analysis and findings. Statistics is way to finding the answer. Statistics – The Method of Organizing Data Generally, statistics is a set of disciplines to analyze quantitative information. Statistics entails all aspects of information: comprehending, collecting, communicating, organizing, and interpreting. All of these are the key reference for forecasting consequences or decision making. Thus, it permits us to estimate the extent of our errors. Purchasing a Business It is not an easy task or decision to purchase a business. Before the final decision is made there are many things to consider. To start with, what exactly do you want to achieve? For whatever reason, you must be sure that it is something that you are ready to devote a large amount of time and energy too. Otherwise, you might be trapped into doing something that you loathe. You must ask yourself how far you are ready to commit. How much of your own time, energy, and money are you willing to sacrifice? Finer Diner Sales Proposal The owner of the Finer Diner submitted a proposal to you in hopes of selling the business to you. His asking price is $250,000. Your financial institution advises that your monthly payment to finance that amount would be $1850.00. This is in addition to other business expenses you would incur such as product, payroll, etc. Upon reviewing...
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...Probability XXXXXXXX MAT300 Professor XXXXXX Date Probability Probability is commonly applied to indicate an outlook of the mind with respect to some hypothesis whose facts are not yet sure. The scheme of concern is mainly of the frame “would a given incident happen?” the outlook of the mind is of the type “how sure is it that the incident would happen?” The surety we applied may be illustrated in form of numerical standards and this value ranges between 0 and 1; this is referred to as probability. The greater the probability of an incident, the greater the surety that the incident will take place. Therefore, probability in a used perspective is a measure of the likeliness, which a random incident takes place (Olofsson, 2005). The idea has been presented as a theoretical mathematical derivation within the probability theory that is applied in a given fields of study like statistics, mathematics, gambling, philosophy, finance, science, and artificial machine/intelligence learning. For instance, draw deductions concerning the likeliness of incidents. Probability is applied to show the underlying technicalities and regularities of intricate systems. Nevertheless, the term probability does not have any one straight definition for experimental application. Moreover, there are a number of wide classifications of probability whose supporters have varied or even conflicting observations concerning the vital state of probability. Just as other theories...
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...mathematics and statistics recognizes a lack of predictability when referring to randomness, but admits regularities in the occurrences of events whose outcomes are not certain. For example, when throwing two dice and counting the total, we can say that a sum of 7 will randomly occur twice as often as 4. This view, where randomness simply refers to situations where the certainty of the outcome is at issue, applies to concepts of chance, probability, and information entropy. In these situations, randomness implies a measure of uncertainty, and notions of haphazardness are irrelevant. The fields of mathematics, probability, and statistics use formal definitions of randomness. In statistics, a random variable is an assignment of a numerical value to each possible outcome of an event space. This association facilitates the identification and the calculation of probabilities of the events. A random process is a sequence of random variables describing a process whose outcomes do not follow a deterministic pattern, but follow an evolution described by probability distributions. These and other constructs are extremely useful in probability theory. Randomness is often used in statistics to signify well-defined statistical properties. Monte Carlo methods, which rely on random input, are important techniques in science, as, for instance, in computational science.[2] Random selection is a method of selecting items (often called units) from a population where the probability of choosing a...
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...non-parametric inference tests are also described in the case where the data Sample distribution is not compatible with standard parameter distribution. Thirdly, using multiple resampling methods Computer -generated random sample finally introduced the characteristics of the distribution and estimate Statistical inference. The method of multivariate data processing of the following sections involved. method Clinical trials also briefly review process. Finally, the last section of statistical computer software discussion And through the collection of citations to adapt to different levels of expertise, and to guide readers theme. In this article, there are some methods such as descriptive statistic, probablity distruction, possion ditruction and multivariate methods. For the descriptive statistic, they are tabular, graphical and Numerical Methods basic characteristics of the sample It can be described. While these methods may be the same Used to describe the entire group, they more...
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...interpret and manipulate the coefficients of multiple regression and performance criteria; conduct diagnostic checking of the validity of regression equations coefficients; appreciate the problems of misspecification, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. Content: 1. Simple Regression Analysis 2. Multiple Regression Analysis 3. Dummy Variables 4. Heteroscedasticity 5. Autocorrelation Main Textbook: Dougherty, C. (2011). Introduction to Econometrics, 4th edition, Oxford. 2. Module Name: Computational Finance Code: P12614 Credits: 10 Semester: Spring 2011/12 Programme classes: 12 1-2 hour lectures/workshops Aims: The module aims to describe and analyse the general finance topics and introduces students to implement basic computational approaches to financial problems using Microsoft Excel. It stresses the fundamentals of finance; provides students with a knowledge and understanding on the key finance subjects such as money market, return metric, portfolio modelling, asset pricing, etc.; and equips students with the essential techniques applied in financial calculations. Contents: 1. Lecture Topic 1: Money Market Instrument : Introduction to the course; Interest rate types;...
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...Meghan Corvington February 29. 2016 EC492 Forecasting Prof. Orlowski PROBLEM SET #1 (Due date: February 29, 2016) Use the quarterly data base from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis FRED provided to you in the EViews program to answer the following questions: 1. Choose the real US export of goods and services (REXPGS), real import of goods and services (RIMPGS) and disposable personal income (DPI) variables. View their descriptive statistics. Analyze skewness, kurtosis and volatility (measured by the coefficient of variation) of each of them. Discuss possible economic factors underlying the data asymmetry, kurtosis and relative volatility. In this example, all three variables are left skewed, while kurtosis is between 1.99 and 2.29 for each of the three variables. I measured volatility based on the standard deviation of the three variables. DPI is extremely volatile, while RIMPGS and REXPGS are not as volatile as DPI. It seems as if there is a strong correlation between the amounts of standard deviations compared to the kurtosis. There is a lack of asymmetry between the three variables, as there is no equivalence in various measurements. | |REXPGS |RIMPGS |DPI | | Mean | 747.1115 | 962.0551 | 4682.076 | | Median | 447.5000 | 636.0000 | 3400.400...
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... | | | | | |FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND FINANCE (FBF) | Teaching Plan | |Unit Code & |UBEQ1123 QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES II | | |Unit Title: | | | |Course of Study: |Bachelor of Commerce (Hons) Accounting | | | |Bachelor of Business Administration (Hons) | | | |Bachelor of Business Administration (Hons) Banking and Finance | | | |Bachelor of Business Administration (Hons) Entrepreneurship | | | |Bachelor of Economics...
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...students to inculcate academic excellence in various fields of research and development, with special reference to business management. In addition it will provide necessary statistical knowledge and wide rage of ways to analyze data, which will improve the students statistical analytical and decision making skills. Session Lecture Outline Learning Objectives 01 Basic Probability and Discrete Probability Distributions Simple Probability To develop an understanding of basic probability concepts To introduce conditional probability To use Bayes’ Theorem to revise probabilities in light of new information To provide an understanding of the basic concepts of discrete probability distributions and their characteristics To develop the concept of mathematical expectation for a discrete random variable To introduce the covariance and illustrate its application in finance To present applications of the binomial distribution in business To present applications of the Poisson distribution in business 02 Counting Techniques 03 Continued 04 Conditional Probability 05 Discrete probability distribution. 06 Mathematical Expectation of Discrete Random Variable 07 Properties of mean and variance of a discrete random Variable. 08 Binomial Distribution. 09 Poisson Distribution. 10. The Normal Distribution and Sampling Distribution Introduction Mathematical Models of Continuous Random Variables To...
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...Probability and statistics are two related but separate academic disciplines. Statistical analysis often uses probability distributions, and the two topics are often studied together. However, probability theory contains much that is of mostly of mathematical interest and not directly relevant to statistics. Moreover, many topics in statistics are independent of probability theory. Probability (or likelihood) is a measure or estimation of how likely it is that something will happen or that a statement is true. Probabilities are given a value between 0 (0% chance or will not happen) and 1 (100% chance or will happen). The higher the degree of probability, the more likely the event is to happen, or, in a longer series of samples, the greater the number of times such event is expected to happen. These concepts have been given an axiomatic mathematical derivation in probability theory (see probability axioms), which is used widely in such areas of study as mathematics, statistics, finance, gambling, science, artificial intelligence/machine learning and philosophy to, for example, draw inferences about the expected frequency of events. Probability theory is also used to describe the underlying mechanics and regularities of complex systems. Statistics is the study of the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of data. It deals with all aspects of data, including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments. The word statistics...
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...Session : 2009–2010 National University Syllabus for 4 years B. B. A. Honours Course Subject : Management Second Year (Honours) |Subject Code |Subject Title |Marks |Credit | | |Business Communication and Report Writing (In English) |100 |4 | | |Computer and Information Technology |100 |4 | | |Taxation in Bangladesh |100 |4 | | |Business Statistics (In English) |100 |4 | | |Macro Economics |100 |4 | | |Human Resource Management |100 |4 | | |Viva-Voce |100 |4 | | |Total = |700 |28 | |Course Code | |Marks: 100 ...
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...maturity are considered from yahoo finance (2010) and they include Jefferson county bonds and Columbia Ballpark bonds. The following is a discussion on the appropriate decision to be made given that the firm wants to invest in bonds that will yield higher returns and also have lower risk levels, whereby the level of risk is indicated by bond rating. Research: Given that the firm wants to invest in five year municipal bonds and that it has to choose only one bond then information regarding al the three bonds were collected, yahoo finance contained information about bonds and after researching on the available five year bonds issued by Jefferson country (IMP)and Columbia Ballpark bonds had the highest yield to maturity value, the following is summary of the information retrieved: The Jefferson County (IMP) bond rating is CCC, YTM value is 9.465%, coupon rate is paid semi annually and the value is 5% and finally the price is $80.71. Columbia ballpark bond which is a 5 year bond and the rating of this bond is AA, YTM value is 3.766%, coupon rate is paid semi annually and the value is 5.00% and finally the price is $106.07. Ratings are important in that they provide information regarding the probability that the issuers of the bond will default, there are a number of organizations that rate bonds and they include S$P, Moody and Fitch, in this paper these ratings were retrieved from Moody (2009) website and the following table summarizes the probabilities that the different bond rates...
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