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Submitted By ashish1986
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Week 1 Access Control, Authentication, and Auditing

1

• AAA : - Group of Processes - Goal is to Provide CIA • CIA : - Confidentiality - Integrity - Availability
2

Access Control
• Defined as

- Hardware component
E.G. Smart Card, Biometric Device, routers, (RAS,VPNs)

- Software component
E.G. RAS, VPNs, Shared resource permissions assigned by NOS

- policy
E.G. rules defining operation of S/W to limit access to resources
3

• Access Control sets the conditions of access. • Access Control Policy consists of a precise set of rules for determining authorization as a basis for making access control decisions. • Access Mechanism implements access control policy.

4

Sub-components of Access controls (Access control policies)
• MAC – MANDATORY ACCESS CONTROL • DAC – DISCRETIONARY ACCESS CONTROL • RBAC – ROLE-BASE ACCESS CONTROL

5

MAC
• protection decisions not to be decided by owner of objects. • Level of access is defined and hard-coded in the Operation system or application and it is not easily changed.
E.G. denial of access or deletion of certain root/system files in Windows XP.

6

DAC
• Defined by the owner of an object. • It is discretionary because the protection on this data object is set at the discretion of the owner of the object.
• A DAC mechanism allows users to grant or revoke access to any of the objects under their control without the interaction of a system administrator

7

• Requires less coding and Administration than MAC. • Permits system users to allow or disallow other users access to objects under their control; i.e only owner of the file who controls other users' accesses to the file and this is modifiable and transferable as desired.
8

RBAC
• Defined by job function and are definable with much more control. • Allows administrators to create "roles" for users. A role can have specific

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