...central banks of member countries. Currently there are 27 member nations in the committee. Basel guidelines refer to broad supervisory standards formulated by this group of central banks - called the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS). The set of agreement by the BCBS, which mainly focuses on risks to banks and the financial system are called Basel accord. The purpose of the accord is to ensure that financial institutions have enough capital on account to meet obligations and absorb unexpected losses. India has accepted Basel accords for the banking system. In fact, on a few parameters the RBI has prescribed stringent norms as compared to the norms prescribed by BCBS. Basel I In 1988, BCBS introduced capital measurement system called Basel capital accord, also called as Basel 1. It focused almost entirely on credit risk. It defined capital and structure of risk weights for banks. The minimum capital requirement was fixed at 8% of risk weighted assets (RWA). RWA means assets with different risk profiles. For example, an asset backed by collateral would carry lesser risks as compared to personal loans, which have no collateral. India adopted Basel 1 guidelines in 1999. Basel II In June ’04, Basel II guidelines were published by BCBS, which were considered to be the refined and reformed versions of Basel I accord. The guidelines were based on three parameters, which the committee calls it as pillars. - Capital Adequacy Requirements: Banks should maintain a minimum...
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...trigger economic calamities affecting millions of people. Consequently, it is imperative that banks operate in a safe and sound manner to avoid failure. One way to ensure this is for governments to provide diligent regulation of banks. Yet, with the advent of globalization, banking activities are no longer confined to the borders of any individual country. With cross-border banking activities rapidly increasing, the need for international cooperation in bank regulation has likewise increased. Ready to meet this need is the Basel Committee on Bank Supervision (BCBS). In its role as the international advisory authority on bank regulation, the BCBS has promulgated guidance on issues critical to ensuring health in the banking systems across the world. One such issue, and one that played an important role in the recent global financial crisis, is the regulation of bank capital. Addressing this issue has been an ongoing process for the BCBS over the past twenty 1 years, and has resulted in the promulgation of capital adequacy standards...
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...CMYK CMYK Wo r k i n g P a p e r The Indian Journey to Basel II: Implementing Risk Management in Banks Dr. SS Satchidananda Sanjeev Shukla CBIT Centre of Banking and Information Technology Indian Institute of Information Technology 26/C, Electronic City, Bangalore And Oracle India Pvt. Ltd., DLF Corporate Park Block I DLF City Phase III Gurgaon 122002 CMYK CMYK CMYK CMYK CBIT Centre of Banking and Information Technology Indian Institute of Information Technology 26/C, Electronic City, Bangalore And Oracle India Pvt. Ltd., DLF Corporate Park Block I DLF City Phase III Gurgaon 122002 CMYK CMYK CMYK CMYK The Indian Journey to Basel II Implementing Risk Management in Banks ABSTRACT In this paper, we provide a perspective on the international regulatory framework for capital standards and its focus on implementation of risk management systems in banks with particular reference to the Indian scenario. We also discuss the Indian regulatory approach to this important challenge and the major issues involved in the Basel II implementation in the Indian context. We conclude with guidance for developing an implementation plan for ushering in effective and efficient risk management in banks. {SS Satchidananda1 Sanjeev Shukla2 } Banking in modern economies is all about risk management. The successful negotiation and implementation of Basel II Accord is likely to lead to an even sharper focus on the risk measurement and risk...
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...BASEL NORMS – BOON OR BANE? BY Pallabi ROY (PGDMB13/035) PRITAM SATHPATY (PGDMB13/077) SAGAR CHoUDHARY (PGDMB13/081) SHERIN MATHEWS (PGDMB13/049) SOHINI BANERJEE (PGDMB13/052) TUSHAR SHARMA (PGDMB13/086) table of contents TOPIC PAGE NO. 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. Importance of Regulation of Bank Capital 2 3. BCBS : A Historical Background 3 4. BASEL I ACCORD 4 I. SALIENT FEATURES 5 II. ADVANTAGES OF BASEL I 9 III. SHORTCOMINGS OF BASEL I 11 5. baSEL II 13 I. from basel i to basel ii - the journey continues 13 II. OBJECTIVES 15 III. THE ACCORD IN OPERATION 15 IV. IMPACT OF BASEL II ON INDIA 26 a. IMPACT ON THE INDIAN BANKING SYSTEM 26 b. POSITIVE IMPACT 27 c. NEGATIVE IMPACT 29 V. Basel II and the global financial crisis 30 6. BASEL III 32 I. INTRODUCTION 32 II. OBJECTIVES 32 III. CHANGES MADE IN THE BASEL ACCORD 33 IV. COMPARISON OF CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER 39 BASEL II AND BASEL III V. macroeconomic impact of basel iii 40 A. Impact on Individual Banks 40 B. IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM 40 C. impact of basel iii on the indian 42 banking system VI. RBI GUIDELINES 44 VII. CONCERNS WITH BASEL III 45 7. CONCLUSION ` 50 Introduction Banks are...
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...Data Mining By Jamia Yant June 1st, 2012 Predictive Analytics and Customer Behavior “Predictive analysis is the decision science that removes guesswork out of the decision-making process and applies proven scientific guidelines to find right solution in the shortest time possible.” (Kaith, 2011) There are seven steps to Predictive Analytics: spot the business problem, explore various data sources, extract patterns from data, build a sample model using data and problem, Clarify data – find valuable factors – generate new variables, construct a predictive model using sampling and validate and deploy the model. By using this method, businesses can make fast decisions using vast amounts of data. There are three main benefits of predictive analytics: minimizing risk, indentifying fraud, and pursuing new sources of revenue. Being able to predict the risks involved with loan and credit origination, fraudulent insurance claims, and making predictions with regard to promotional offers and coupons are all examples of these benefits. It basically reduces the cost of making mistakes. This type of algorithm allows businesses to test all sorts of situations and scenarios it could take years to test in the real world. Studying customer behavior gives businesses a competitive advantage and allows them to stay ahead of the competition in their market place. Associations Discovery and Customer Purchases Association analysis is useful for discovering interesting relationships...
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...Research Title Basel II Capital Accord and implementation implications in Albania Prepared: Elda Lila Mentor : Professor William Handorf, Ph.D., July 2007 Abstract: Basel II Capital Accord and implementation implications in Albania 2 Abstract: Basel II Capital Accord and implementation implications in Albania 2 I. What is New Basel Capital Accord and its Evolution 4 II. Adoption of Basel II 5 BCBS Countries 5 In Other Countries 6 Banking Supervision Improvement Priorities 6 III. History of Banking Supervision in Albania (Banking System in Albania and Supervisory Process. 7 IV. Three Pillars of Basel II and the implications related to the implementation in Albania: 10 1.Pillar 1 – Capital Defined 11 1.1 Pillar 1 – Credit Risk 11 1.2 Pillar 1 – Market Risk 15 1.3 Pillar 1 – Operational Risk 16 2. Pillar 2 – The Supervisory Review Process 16 3. Pillar 3 – Market Disclosure 18 V. Reference List 21 Abstract: Basel II Capital Accord and implementation implications in Albania I. The first part is concentrated in what is new Basel Capital Accord and its Evolution. Supervisors have long sought to ensure that banks maintain adequate capital to cover all risks. In 1988, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision agreed the 'International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards', more commonly known as the Basel Capital Accord which in most countries is fully implemented...
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...Is Basel III a better support to Islamic banks than Basel II? International Interdisciplinary Conference On Changes, Challenges and Consequences In Commerce, Engineering, Technology and Social Science. Institute of Business Management and Research, Chakan & Choice Institute of Management Studies and Research, pune, 15th March, 2014. Dr. Atmaram palnitkar Research Guide& Principal of Dayanand College OF Commerce, Latur. palnitkarav@rediffmail.com&9423347478 Abdul-Jabbar Qasem Ali Al-badaani Research Scholar of Com and Magt Sci, SRTM University, Nanded. Amaf3600@gmail.com&7709670130 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT Banking activities involve many risks calculated and otherwise. Banks have to take appropriate measures and require management of their capital and credit and implementation procedures in keeping with the best international practices, to mitigate potential losses and avoid projected pitfalls. In view of the recent financial crisis, due to wrong management or improper implementation as well as the collapse of large economies has had a cascading effect all round the world in the form of collapses of famous institutions and banks, and thus arose a decision to have a better financial control in the form of Basel I to be later followed by Basel II and Basel III. Thus a new culture in financial controls and risk management has arisen to safeguard the banking...
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...assessments and the risk weights will be inversely related to the credit rating of the counter party. Calculation of RWA under Standardized Approach is supported by External Credit Assessment Institute (ECAI). The recognition process of BB will ensure ECAIs eligibility criteria as required by the Basel II document. In addition to computing MCR banks have to calculate adequate capital with the procedure as stated in the section second pillar or Supervisory Review Process (SRP) of Basel II. Calculation of adequate capital and preparation of a process document in this regard is an enormous job for the banks. The areas to be covered by the process document are review of risk management and planning for adequate capital against comprehensive risk profile including credit, market and operational risk. Roadmap on Basel II implementation in...
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...Do Hedge Funds Have Enough Capital? A Value-at-Risk Approach * Anurag Gupta† Bing Liang‡ April 2004 ____________________________________ *We thank Stephen Brown, Sanjiv Das, Will Goetzmann, David Hseih, Kasturi Rangan, Peter Ritchken, Bill Sharpe, Ajai Singh, Jack Treynor, and two anonymous referees for comments and suggestions on earlier drafts, and the seminar participants at Case Western Reserve University, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Virginia Tech., the 2003 European Finance Association Meetings in Glasgow, the 2003 Western Finance Association Meetings in Los Cabos, the 2003 QGroup fall seminar in Scottsdale, the 2001 FMA European Meetings in Paris, and the 2001 FMA meetings in Toronto. Bing Liang acknowledges a summer research grant from the Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University. We also thank TASS Management Limited for providing the data. We remain responsible for all errors. †Department of Banking and Finance, Weatherhead School of Management, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106. Phone: (216) 368-2938, Fax: (216) 368-6249, E-mail: anurag.gupta@case.edu. ‡Department of Finance and Operations Management, Isenberg School of Management, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003. Phone: (413) 545-3180, Fax: (413) 545-3858, E-mail: bliang@som.umass.edu. Do Hedge Funds Have Enough Capital? A Value-at-Risk Approach Abstract We examine the risk characteristics and capital adequacy of hedge funds through...
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...IIMB-WP N0. 470 WORKING PAPER NO: 470 BASEL BANKING NORMS – A PRIMER Akshay Uday Shenoy PGP Student Indian Institute of Management Bangalore Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore – 560076 akshay.shenoy@iimb.ernet.in Yatin Balkrishna Mohane PGP Student Indian Institute of Management Bangalore Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore – 560076 yatin.mohane@iimb.ernet.in Charan Singh RBI Chair Professor Economics & Social Science Indian Institute of Management Bangalore Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore – 5600 76 Ph: 080-26993818 charansingh@iimb.ernet.in Year of Publication-October 2014 Basel Banking Norms – A Primer1 Abstract This paper aims to first build a deeper understanding of the emergence of Basel banking norms (Basel I), and the transition to each of the subsequent regulations (Basel II and Basel III). The primary purpose of developing this understanding is to further analyze the extent of effectiveness of the Basel norms. To explore how such regulations impact an economy, we have specifically looked at five economies of the world (including India), which are geographically apart, in this context. The idea here is to study how, for instance, banking institutions have shaped up to these norms – and whether the effects were favorable or adverse. We then conclude by conceptually looking at the future direction of regulations such as the Basel norms in the banking industry. Keywords: Banking, Financial Services, Regulation, Basel Norms, Capital Adequacy, Liquidity ...
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...RBI/2011-12/530 DBOD.No.BP.BC.98 /21.06.201/2011-12 May 2, 2012 The Chairman and Managing Directors/ Chief Executives Officers of All Scheduled Commercial Banks (Excluding Local Area Banks and Regional Rural Banks) Madam / Dear Sir, Guidelines on Implementation of Basel III Capital Regulations in India Please refer to the paragraph 90 (extract enclosed) of the Monetary Policy Statement 2012-13 announced on April 17, 2012. It was indicated that the final guidelines on the implementation of Basel III capital regulations would be issued by end - April 2012. It may be recalled that draft proposals on Basel III capital regulations were issued vide circular DBOD.No.BP.BC.71/ 21.06.201/ 2011-12 dated December 30, 2011. 2. The final guidelines on Basel III capital regulations are enclosed. These guidelines would become effective from January 1, 2013 in a phased manner. The Basel III capital ratios will be fully implemented as on March 31, 2018. 3. The capital requirements for the implementation of Basel III guidelines may be lower during the initial periods and higher during the later years. While undertaking the capital planning exercise, banks should keep this in view. 4. RBI is currently working on operational aspects of implementation of the Countercyclical Capital Buffer. Guidance to banks on this will be issued in due course. Besides, certain other proposals viz. ‘Definition of Capital Disclosure Requirements’, ‘Capitalisation of Bank Exposures to Central Counterparties’...
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...COMMERCIAL BANKS AND NEW CAPITAL REGULATION MAF 202 Prepared By: Simardeep Sran - 211689444 Due: September 12, 2013 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 4 2. Findings 5 3.1. Move from Basel II to Basel III 5 3.2.1. The Global Financial Crisis and Basel II Shortcomings 5 3.2. Basel III 6 3.3.2. Main Features 6 3.3.3. Basel II and Basel III Difference 8 3.3. Implications of Basel III 9 3.4.4. Global Banking System 9 3.4.5. Banking System in Australia 9 3.4.6. Banking System in Japan 10 3. Conclusions 11 4. Reference List 12 1. Introduction The financial system is beyond indispensable in the global economy, with commercial banks playing a vital role as the main form of a financial institution. Within the financial system it is crucial to have regulations and guidelines for financial institutions...
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...code: FB00422 Class: FB0605. 1|Page Capital Management: Wells Fargo vs. BoA. Content Executive Summary----------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 I. Introduction-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 1. Theoretical Overview--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 a. Bank capital-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 b. Capital Risk of banks---------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 c. Managing capital risk in commercial banks-------------------------------------------------------5 2. Banks’ Profile------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 a. Wells Fargo-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 b. Bank of America-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 c. Differences in economic context-------------------------------------------------------------------7 II. Analysis and Findings-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 1. Capital Ratios--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 2. Risk-weighted assets------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11...
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...ICRA Indonesia Comment June 2013 Minimum Capital Provisioning for Credit Risk – a Comparative Study of Basel I and Basel II Contact: Pradnya Desai Manager– Rating Analyst +62 21 576 1516 desai.pradnya@icraindonesia.com Drafted in 1988 and 2004 respectively, Basel I and II have, through quantitative and technical benchmarks, helped develop a level playing field in the banking The “Basel Committee on Banking Supervision” (BCBS) is comprised of the central banks and regulatory authorities of mainly the G20 countries (including Indonesia) and other leading nations. The committee issues broad guidelines and standards to ensure best practices in the banking supervision and risk management. (Source: www.bis.org) supervision, regulation and capital adequacy standards across the signatory nations. As of today, more than 100 countries have implemented Basel I and around 112 countries are implementing Basel II (Source: Wikipedia, Basel committee on banking supervision survey, 2010). Basel II generated more interest on account of the multitude of financial crises that the world economy faced during the 1990s and early 2000s. Further, its implementation gained momentum among the emerging economies after the 2008 crisis. While many countries have already commenced Basel III (drafted in 2010) implementation, Indonesia is yet to finalise the norms on the subject. Basel III while relevant at a future date will not be implemented in...
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...PADMA ARYAL padmaaryal@gmail.com 646-701-4780 PROFILE | | Dynamic Business Analyst with over 6 years of professional experience in Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) and business reengineering process, offering extensive experience in healthcare domain. Areas of expertise include HIPAA compliance ANSI X12 4010 to 5010 and ICD 9 to ICD 10, EDI transactions and Claims Adjudication process. Experience with FACETS and NASCO configuration, coordination of benefits (COB), Medicare and Medicaid programs; strong interpersonal communication, writing, presentation and collaboration skills. QUALIFICATIONS SUMMARY | | * Proven track record of delivering cost-effective, high performance technology solutions to meet the constantly changing business needs. * Demonstrated experience in gathering requirements and developing detailed functional specifications through JAD sessions, interviews, observation, and on site meetings with SME, business users & development teams. * Adept at writing business requirement documents (BRD), functional requirement documents (FRD), system requirement specifications (SRS), system design specifications (SDS) and other project related documents. * Expertise in conducting gap analysis, SWOT analysis, risk analysis, root-cause analysis and change management assessment. * Proficient in business process reengineering and Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), including analysis, design, development, testing,...
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