...Programming Logic and Design, 6th Edition Chapter 2 Exercises 1. Explain why each of the following names does or does not seem like a good variable name to you. Answer: Answers will vary. A possible solution: a. | c | – | Valid, but probably too short to be descriptive | b. | cost | – | Good | c. | costAmount | – | Good, but redundant | d. | cost amount | – | Invalid, spaces aren’t allowed | e. | cstofdngbsns | – | Valid, but difficult to read | f. | costOfDoingBusinessThisFiscalYear | – | Valid, but long and awkward | g. | costYear2012 | – | Good | h. | 2012YearCost | – | Invalid, cannot start with a digit | 17 2. If myAge and yourRate are numeric variables, and departmentName is a string variable, which of the following statements are valid assignments? If a statement is not valid, explain why not. Answer: a. | myAge = 23 | – | Valid | b. | myAge = yourRate | – | Valid | c. | myAge = departmentName | – | Invalid, cannot assign string to numeric | d. | myAge = “departmentName” | – | Invalid, cannot assign string to numeric | e. | 42 = myAge | – | Invalid, cannot assign a value to a literal constant | f. | yourRate = 3.5 | – | Valid | g. | yourRate = myAge | – | Valid | h. | yourRate = departmentName | – | Invalid, cannot assign string to numeric | i. | 6.91 = yourRate | – | Invalid, cannot assign a value to a literal...
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...Programming Logic and Design, 6th Edition Chapter 5 Exercises 1. What is output by each of the pseudocode segments in Figure 5-22? Answer: a. 5, 22, 5 b. 4, 6, 7 c. 5, 6 d. Goodbye Goodbye Goodbye Goodbye Goodbye Goodbye Goodbye Goodbye Goodbye e. Hello Hello Hello f. Adios Adios Adios Adios Adios Adios Adios Adios 2. Design the logic for a program that outputs every number from 1 through 10. Answer: A sample solution follows Flowchart: Pseudocode: start Declarations num number housekeeping() number = 1 while number 99999 output “Please enter a valid zip code” input custZip endwhile return validateCustAge() while custAge < 10 OR custAge > 110 output “Please enter a valid customer age” input custAge endwhile return validateNumItems() Declarations num attempts = 0 num LIMIT = 2 validNumItems = 1 while (numItems < 1 OR numItems > 12) AND attempts < LIMIT output “Please reenter the number of items” input numItems attempts = attempts + 1 endwhile if attempts = 2 AND numItems < 0 then output “An invalid number of items was entered” output “This order will not be counted” validNumItems = 0 endif return housekeeping() output ZIP_PROMPT input custZip return detailLoop() output AGE_PROMPT input custAge output ITEM_PROMPT input numItems validateZipCode() validateCustAge() validateNumItems() ...
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...Purpose: Calculate the result of a number raised to the power of another number input by the user using iterative logic without overflow of 32-bit integers## //Program start// START //declare variables // declare unsigned int base, exp, answer, errorInput, errorOutput Declare var string exit Global var constant int multiply = 1, maxValue = 2147483647 Set answer = 1 Set base = 1 Set exp = 1 // determine if input fits in unsigned 32 bit int and set exit sentinel // //welcome message// Display “This program will determine the value of an integer (X) raised to the power of a second integer (N).” WHILE exit !=n //set repeat of input if error message is flagged and reset error flags// DO SET errorInput = 0 Set errorOutput = 0 //user input prompts// Display “Please Enter first integer: “ Input base Display “Please enter second integer: ” Input exp IF (base,exp) >= maxValue THEN //error message// Display “ Error! Value exceeds maximum available input. Please enter a value less than 2147483647” SET errorInput = 1 END IF WHILE errorInput = 1 //perform calculation with iterative multiplication// //check for error outputs & unneccessary execution of loop// IF exp != 0 THEN FOR (errorOutput ! =1 && multiply maxValue THEN SET errorOutput = 1 END IF END FOR //end calculation and check for maximum value overflow...
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...engineering as a method is not confined to any particular purpose, but is often an important part of the scientific method and technological development. The process of taking something apart and revealing the way in which it works is often an effective way to learn how to build a technology or make improvements to it. When reverse engineering software, researchers are able to examine the strength of systems and identify their weaknesses in terms of performance, security, and interoperability. The reverse engineering process allows researchers to understand both how a program works and also what aspects of the program contribute to its not working. • What are the advantages and disadvantages of using reverse engineering to discover the logics of a software program? Reverse engineering in software is reversing a program's machine code back into it's original source code. The advantages to using this technique is that one can repair certain bugs, see how a program operates, and improve the operation of the program. The disadvantage is that certain other bugs may be introduced during this process. • Find any one tool available to perform reverse engineering of software programs. What are at least five features of that tool? REC Studio 4 - Reverse Engineering Compiler Multihost: Rec Studio runs on Windows XP/Vista/7, Ubuntu Linux, Mac OS X. Symbolic information support using Dwarf 2 and partial recognition of Microsoft's PDB format. C++...
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...TimesTen(integer userNum) userNum = (userNum * 10) return userNum End Function Algorithm Workbench #1 - #7, pp. 115-6 (continued) – Write pseudocode (not Java) 2. def main(): showvalue() def showvalue(): print '12' main() 3. The value stored in ‘a’ will be: 3 The value stored in ‘b’ will be: 2 The value stored in ‘c’ will be: 1 4. Declare Integer age Declare Real income Declare String name Call Module1 (agem Real_Income, Name) 5. 6. 7. Debugging Exercises, p.117 (3 pts. Ea. / 12 pts. Total ) 1. 2. 3. 4. Programming Exercises, (#1 - p.117) (10 points total) #1. Kilometer Converter Design a modular program that asks the user to enter a distance in kilometers, and the converts that distance to miles. The conversion formula is as follows: Miles = Kilometers * 0.6214 Additional Instructions: 1. Design using pseudocode. 2. Use the following module names: getKilometers – read kilometers from user keyboard input and store in ‘kilometers’ variable showMiles – accepts ‘kilometers’ variable as input argument and displays the equivalent value in miles Module main () Declare...
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... | | |Information Systems & Technology | | |PRG/211 Version 4 | | |Algorithms and Logic for Computer Programming | Copyright © 2012, 2011, 2010 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides students with a basic understanding of programming development practices. Concepts covered include the application of algorithms and logic to the design and development of procedural and object oriented computer programs to address the problem solving requirements associated with business information systems. This course will cover procedural programming concepts including data types, controls structures, functional decomposition, arrays, and files, classes and objects. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies...
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...or CMP 401 ASSIGNMENT | ORGANIZATION OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES | | ANZOTSA JOHN ALAKU | BHU/12/04/05/0042 COMPUTER SCIENCE 400 LEVEL | | | ABRSTRACT My objective for these research was to find out about different programming languages and paradigm in which they belong, the most important use in this research are text and journal by other researchers. After all studies where carried out, I came to a conclusion that one programing language can belong to more than one paradigm C++ C++ is a statically typed, free-form, multi-paradigm, compiled, general-purpose programming language. Some people say that C++ is a middle language because it has the features of high level and low-level language. As one of the most popular programming languages in the world, C++ is widely used in the software industry. C++ is also used for hardware design to analyze structure. Some of its application domains include systems software, application software, device drivers, embedded software, high-performance server and client applications, and entertainment software such as video games. AspectJ AspectJ is a general-purpose Aspect-Oriented extension to java programming language. It was created at Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated (PARC), now it is an open source project and part of the Eclipse Foundation. AspectJ has everything that Java has and more which...
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...concept of PLC and its application has been discussed. Early PLCs were designed to replace relay logic systems. These PLCs were programmed in "ladder logic", which strongly resembles a schematic diagram of relay logic. The main difference from other computers is that PLCs are armored for severe conditions (such as dust, moisture, heat, cold etc) and have the facility for extensive input/output (I/O) arrangements. PLC applications are typically highly customized systems so the cost of a packaged PLC is low compared to the cost of a specific custom-built controller design. On the other hand, in case of mass-produced goods, customized control systems are economic due to the lower cost of the components, which can be optimally chosen instead of a "generic" solution, and where the non-recurring engineering charges are spread over thousands or millions of units. Keywords– PLC-Feathers, Application of PLC and Ladder Logic I. INTRODUCTION C ontrol engineering has evolved over time. In the past humans were the main methods for controlling a system. More recently electricity has been used for control and early electrical control based on relays. These relays allow power to be switched on and off without a mechanical switch. It is common to use relays to make simple logical control decisions. The development of low cost computer has brought the most recent revolution, the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) [1]. The advent of the PLC began in the 1970s,...
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...Embedded Systems Design Scott DeCota Modern Operating Systems Embedded systems are all around us. They run the engine, brakes, seatbelt, airbag, and audio system in your car. They digitally encode your voice and construct a radio signal to send it from your cell phone to a base station. They control your microwave, dishwasher, and DVD player. They command robots on a factory floor, power generation in a plant, processes in a chemical plant, and the traffic lights in the city. Embedded operating systems are growing increasingly common in everyday appliances and other devices. These operating systems provide application interfaces for a wide range of different applications. The challenge for developers is to determine which operating system or programming language to use in a particular device or project, and how to utilize the parallelism and concurrency capabilities of the hardware and programming language chosen for a project to design a system of adequate timing precision and efficiency. Developers working with embedded systems need to be extremely diligent in regards to timing and optimization. Embedded systems are frequently interacting with the physical environment in which multiple sources of data may be interacting with the system simultaneously. Developers should have a solid understanding of the parallelism and concurrency capabilities of the hardware for a selected project. These features can occur in different forms that can greatly affect the timing of the...
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...Department of Information Technology ENDT200: Introduction to Programming Credit Hours: 3 Length of Course: 8 Weeks Prerequisite(s): None | Table of Contents | Instructor Information | Evaluation Procedures | Course Description | Grading Scale | Course Scope | Course Outline | Course Objectives | Policies | Course Delivery Method | Academic Services | Course Resources | Selected Bibliography | Instructor Information | Instructor: Jason T. Black, PhD (also called “Dr. B”) Email: Use the Messages feature in the classroom to email me. Table of Contents Course Description (Catalog) | This course introduces students to writing computer programs. The class presents the principles of structured programming using the BASIC language, perhaps the most common language for personal computers. Because of its ease of use it is ideal as a first programming language and runs on both the PC and Macintosh platforms. The course is designed for people without previous programming experience who do not necessarily plan on becoming professional programmers. However, the knowledge gained in the class can be applied later to other languages such as C and Java. Participants learn to solve problems logically by breaking them into smaller pieces, which can then be solved. Topics include: introduction to computing - how does a computer work?; input and output - getting information to and from the user; variables and expressions - performing arithmetic; data...
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...The Importance of Programming Logics and Designs “Computers” Abstract Having to consider the uses of computers, people use them in a wide variety of ways. In business computers track inventories with bar codes and scanners, check the credit status of customers, and transfer funds electronically. In homes, there tiny computers included in different appliances. In automobiles, computers regulate many different functions. However, in schools, students use computer for sending and receiving emails, online classes, researching, and writing papers. There are much more uses of computers in all areas not mentioned. This paper will explain that computer can only do what they are programmed to do. That means computers can perform many different jobs in our everyday life. So with the basic understanding of programming logics and designs, this paper will briefly explain the importance of knowing what computers are made of. First, I must explain what is a program. A program is a sequence of instructions written to perform a specific task with a computer. Programs are what make computers function at all time. Programs are also referred to as software. A person who writes a program or software so that data can be processed by a computer is known a programmer or software developer. (May 15, 2001) Hardware refers to objects that you can actually touch like disks, disk drivers, display screens, keyboards printers, boards, and chips. In contrast...
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...Programming Development Select and complete one of the following assignments: Option 1: Programming Solution Option 2: Personal Learning Management Option 1: Programming Solution Part 1: Programming Solution Proposal Select a problem in your workplace that requires a programming solution. Instead of a workplace, you may use another organization to which you belong, such as a house of worship, a local library, or a sports league. You may also use one of the Virtual Organizations as your model. Write a 2- to 3-page proposal in which you do the following: • Describe how you determined the problem that must be solved. • Describe the role of the personnel involved in the project. • Explain the process of solving the problem and developing the program in terms of the programming development cycle. • Explain how you would take a modular approach to the program solution and why it is important. • Provide appropriate references to support the points in your paper. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Part 2: Selection Structure Paper Use the Part 1: Programming Solution Proposal you developed in Week Two and select one section of the proposal that requires a selection structure. Write a 2- to 3-page paper describing the purpose of that structure and write the pseudocode for that structure. Examine any iteration control structure. If the program you described in Week Two does not lend itself well to the inclusion of a selection...
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...++Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design, 3rd Edition By Tony Gaddis C++ Language Companion or Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Table of Contents Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Introduction 3 Introduction to Computers and Programming 4 Input, Processing, and Output 9 Functions 19 Decision Structures and Boolean Logic 27 Repetition Structures 41 Value-Returning Functions 49 Input Validation 59 Arrays 61 Sorting and Searching Arrays 72 Files 77 Menu-Driven Programs 86 Text Processing 89 Recursion 95 Object-Oriented Programming 97 Page 2 Introduction Welcome to the C++ Language Companion for Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design, 3rd Edition, by Tony Gaddis. You can use this guide as a reference for the C++ Programming Language as you work through the textbook. Each chapter in this guide corresponds to the same numbered chapter in the textbook. As you work through a chapter in the textbook, you can refer to the corresponding chapter in this guide to see how the chapter's topics are implemented in the C++ programming language. In this book you will also find C++ versions of many of the pseudocode programs that are presented in the textbook. Note: This booklet does not have a chapter corresponding to Chapter 15 of your textbook because C++ does not provide a GUI programming library. Page 3 Chapter 1 This chapter accompanies...
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...Title Scheme of Teaching L 3 0 3 0 3 0 T 1 0 1 0 1 0 P 0 3 0 3 0 3 Hours 4 3 4 3 4 3 Credit 4 2 4 2 4 2 University External Marks 50 50 50 CSE361 CSE313 CSE363 AS301 EC316 EC366 EC317 EC367 Data Structures (Practical) Peripheral Devices & Interfaces Hardware Lab (Practical) Engineering Mathematics – III Digital Electronics Digital Electronics (Practical) Microprocessors Microprocessors (Practical) 0 3 0 3 3 0 3 0 15 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 5 3 0 2 0 0 2 0 2 09 3 4 2 4 4 2 4 2 29 2 4 1 4 4 1 4 1 25 50 50 50 50 250 Internal Total Sessional Marks 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 450 100 50 100 50 100 100 50 100 50 700 7. 8. Total ASC405 CSE 415 Analysis & Design of Algorithms Analysis & Design of Algorithms (Practical) Database Management System Database Management System (Practical) Object Oriented Programming Object Oriented Programming (Practical) Cyber Law & IPR Computer Architecture & Organization Internal Total Sessional Marks 50 100 50 50 50 50 50 50 100 50 100 50 3 3 15 0 1 4 0 0 9 3 4 28 3 4 25 50 50 250 50 50 400 100 100 650 2 Scheme of Examination of B.E. in Computer Science & Engineering Third Year - Fifth Semester Sr. Paper Subject Title Scheme of Teaching Univesity Internal Sessional Code External L T P Hou Credit Marks Total Marks rs s 1. CSE511 Operating System 3 1 0 4 4 50 50...
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...understood at this stage. Planning the Logic: Once the programmer understands the problem, it is time to plan the logic of the program. During this time of the process, the programmer uses tools to layout the program’s logical steps from beginning to end. The programmer decides the variables needed in the program. Also, the programmer uses planning tools like, Flowcharts, and Pseudocode to show the steps involved in his/her programming solution. Coding the Program: Coding is converting the design into an actual program, written in some form of programming language. This is the step where you actually have to sit down at the computer and type. Coding is a little bit like writing an essay. In most cases you write your program using something like a word processor. And, like essays, there are certain things that you always need to include in your program, like titles, contents pages etc.. When you've finished translating your design into a program you need to submit it to the computer to see what it makes of it. Using Software to Translate the Program into Machine Language: The lowest-level programming language (except for computers that utilize programmable microcode) Machine languages are the only languages understood by computers. While easily understood by computers, machine languages are almost impossible for humans to use because they consist entirely of numbers. Programmers, therefore, use either a high-level programming language or an assembly language. An assembly...
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