...decline in high school since children were needed in the home to attend chores (Vatterott, 2009). Many teachers viewed homework as a means to discipline and exercised the mind (Cooper, 2007) Learning in the 19th century included a great deal of memorization which required a lot of time outside of the school day to master facts and skills. Due to this type of instruction, children spent roughly two to three hours a night on their studies (Vatterott, 2009). Homework was regarded as a positive aspect of education and became a key component of schooling that could be done outside of school (Cooper, 2007). The beginning of the 20th century brought forth the start of the Progressive Education Movement. Progressive educators began to question components...
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...Democracy and Education: an introduction to the philosophy of education is a book written in 1916 by John Dewey. . Dewey's philosophical anthropology, unlike Egan, Vico, Ernst Cassirer, Claude Lévi-Strauss, and Nietzsche, does not account for the origin of thought of the modern mind in the aesthetic, more precisely the myth, but instead in the original occupations and industries of ancient people, and eventually in the history of science.[1] A criticism of this approach is that it does not account for the origin of cultural institutions, which can be accounted for by the aesthetic. Language and its development, in Dewey's philosophical anthropology, have not a central role but are instead a consequence of the cognitive capacity.[1] In this book Dewey sought to at once synthesize, criticize, and expand upon the democratic (or proto-democratic) educational philosophies of Rousseau and Plato.[citation needed] He saw Rousseau's philosophy as overemphasizing the individual and Plato's philosophy as overemphasizing the society in which the individual lived. For Dewey, this distinction was largely a false one; like Vygotsky, he viewed the mind and its formation as a communal process. Thus the individual is only a meaningful concept when regarded as an inextricable part of his or her society, and the society has no meaning apart from its realization in the lives of its individual members. However, as evidenced in his later Experience and Nature (1925), this practical element—learning...
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...REFLECTIVE ESSAY #4 What a week last week was. Most the lessons touched me in some way. I liked the discipline model and progressive discipline process. It reminded me on how discipline should be handled. I have seen the progressive discipline model in action and when it is was done right it worked. Once again the speech was a little nerve racking, but I got through it. I missed a lot of my introduction because I got flustered. After I got over my initial nervousness the rest was smooth. It flowed pretty good and I had a good closing. Now I know that I need a little more practice with my speech before jumping into it. I know that I can do better on it so I will use my experience on the last two speeches to improve on the next one. Effective negotiations was an eye opener in the aspect that I do a lot of the technics that were taught, but didn’t know I was using them. I am defiantly more integrative then distributive. I like to build that relationship then to “burn the bridge” with people. I try to make sure that everyone is happy with the out come of the discussion and that everyone got what they wanted. Sometimes it’s not possible and I feel like I have failed when that happen. Continuous improvement was a little difficult to wrap my head around at times. As soon as I thought I had a grasp on it I would get the question that was posed wrong. System 1 and system 2 thinking was like that, but by the end of the lesson I had a better understanding of the...
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...The Progressive Era, from the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century, was all about progress and fixing past problems caused by industrialization, hence its name, the Progressive Era. Although people focused most on political reformation, other issues focused on, much like education, contributed just as much to the progress of the nation during this time period. One of these people who valued the effects education could have on the country, John Dewey, epitomized progressivism as seen in his motivation, preparation, and accomplishments. Motivation John Dewey had constantly been engrossed in the field of education since his early life, which influenced his beliefs and motives tremendously. As someone who lived during the progressive...
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...The Progressive Era reformers and the Federal Government was not effective in bringing about reform at the national level because the reforms left out people that are still marginalized. African Americans, women, and immigrants are the groups of people that have been discriminated during the Progressive Era because of their race or gender. The food manufacturing industry and child labor laws are the only things that have successfully transformed, but they are nothing compared to the discrimination that certain people in the United States have faced. The discrimination towards African Americans during the Progressive area was tremendous. During 1890-1920 America was growing rapidly, which meant there was numerous opportunities for people to have a better life style. This was not the case for most African Americans because they were still being discriminated. They were being publicly humiliated, treated differently for political reasons, and even had differing access to things such as health care and their education. The way African Americans have been treated has not drastically changed over time proving that the Progressive Era was not successful not only for African Americans, but also for women. Women of all races have...
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...my opinion, the key principles of the Progressive Movement were democracy, municipal administration, efficiency, the regulation of large corporations and monopolies, social work, and conservationism. In my opinion, the most significant successes of the Progressive Movement were the constitutional amendments and improvements in the democratic process. Our text tells us “The Progressive use of the amendment created lasting effects on our political system and is often considered the greatest success of the entire movement” (Bowles, 2011). The 16th amendment allowed the federal government to begin collecting income tax from all workers. The 17th amendment gave citizens the power to elect U.S. senators and was a result of the direct primary reform in Oregon. This was important because it allowed voters to choose candidates for office instead of political party leaders (The Progressive Era, 2002). The recall, referendum, and initiative are all examples of Progressive reform that brought more democratic power to the common people. The Progressive Movement’s significant failure, in my opinion, was in regard to racial equality. Even though they fell short of their intentions, we must remember how ambitious their goals were. The Progressive Movement missed their target because they aimed to do too much. I do not think that World War I can be regarded as a Progressive conflict. The First World War was a road block to Progressive reform until the rich, who had fought...
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...The Industrial Age of America was a revolutionary and progressive time in the country’s history. As it was so revolutionary, the time period left many lasting effects, great and poor, on the lives of those living through the time period. As with all progressing times, there are positive elements and negative elements. This period was seen as a sort of grim and dark looking time, and at first glance it is very easy to think as such. Manure factories whose smell would seep into a worker’s skin and make the odor permanent, funerals and proper burials of bodies were a rarity in big cities, and care for crippled and sick children being scarce were just a few examples of how poor some circumstances amounted to. Although there were many negatives to this era, many positives also existed through this generation....
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...BELIEFS/IDEAS/CULTURE: * Thesis and historical context for literary contributors to Progressivism (2 and throughout) * Social Darwinism (3) * New developments in social science (4) * Progressive education reformers and proposals (9) * Temperance and prohibition (12) * Social Gospel (13) * Teddy Roosevelt and American popular culture (15) * AMERICA IN THE WORLD: * GEOGRAPHY & ENVIRONMENT: * T. Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson, and conservationism (17) (Note: don’t mistake “conservationism” with “conservatism.” Students confuse the two words often because they look similar, have common roots, and pop up in stories about Republicans.) * PEOPLING: * Peopling of the U.S. during the Gilded Age (6) * Hull House and other aid efforts for immigrants (10) * IDENTITY: * Theodore Roosevelt and race (16) * Woodrow Wilson and race (21) * POLITICS & POWER: * Muckrakers, their publications, and famous works (5 and throughout) (Note: it’s “MUCK-ray-kers,” not “MUCK-crackers.”) * Political machines: definition (including understanding the metaphor); famous examples; pros/cons; political and journalistic reaction (7) * Examples of local progressive reform in the northeast (8) * Progressive legal and political reform at national and state levels (11) * Civil Service reform (13)...
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...Student’s name Subject Title Lecturer’s Name Date of submission Income Inequality Introduction The problem of an increase in household income inequality has been a major talk point in political discussion and public policy. According to Winston Churchill, inequality is unavoidable especially in capitalist societies. However, President Barrack Obama views inequality as not only a major problem but as a defining problem of this generation. It cannot be disputed that income inequality in the United States has been rising over the past four decades. The trend is evident when income is measured both before and after taxes. The income inequality in the U.S today can be compared to those of other developed countries. However, the country ranks amongst the worst in inequality especially after taxes and transfers. This means that less income that is received from higher income households trickles down to lower income earners. A recent study in 2011 revealed that the top earners income increased by around 275% after income transfers and federal taxes. Today, there is ongoing debate as to the effects, causes and solutions of the income inequality. Over the years, debates have arisen whether the income inequality gap in America is a social or an ethical problem. Despite businesses breaking profit records, these income gains have been concentrated on the top 1% (Glenn 58). It is often argued that income inequality is a social injustice and that it is unfair. However, social injustice...
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...Chs 5, 6, 7, 8, 18 – Macroeconomic Components Problem Set Macroeconomics Ch 5 - Consumption Questions 1. When the C-line crosses the 45-degree line, saving is ______ . A. positive B. negative C. zero D. impossible to calculate without further information 2. When disposable income (DI) is zero, ______ . A. autonomous consumption is equal to induced consumption B. autonomous consumption is equal to total consumption C. induced consumption is equal to total consumption D. autonomous consumption is zero E. induced consumption is greater than zero 3. The minimum amount that people will spend even if DI is zero is called _____ consumption. A. autonomous B. permanent C. induced D. total E. special 4. According to the permanent income hypothesis, if a person won the lottery, they would spend _____ that year. A. all of the winnings B. some of the winnings C. none of the winnings D. more than all of the winnings 5. The permanent income hypothesis is a theory from economist _____ . A. Adam Smith B. John Maynard Keynes C. Thorstein Veblen D. Milton Friedman E. Karl Marx 6. Conspicuous consumption is a theory from economist _____ . A. Adam Smith B. John Maynard Keynes C. Thorstein Veblen D. Milton Friedman E. Karl Marx 7. In the U.S., the largest component of C is ______ . A. durable goods B. services C. nondurable goods D. inventory E. residential housing 8. The consumption function tells us that, as income rises, consumption _____ . A. declines B. remains the same C. rises but more slowly...
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...Global Issues, Role of United Nations and Japan’s International Contributions Contents Introduction 3 History of Overpopulation 3 Industrial Revolution 3 Invention of Birth control 4 Risks of Overpopulation 4 Food 4 Water Shortage 4 Civil Conflict 5 Poverty 5 Case Study 5 Government policies 6 Taxation policy 6 Education Subsidies 6 Government Transfers 6 Effectiveness Of Government Policies 6 Conclusion 7 References 8 Introduction Overpopulation as defined by Dhirubhai Ambani is “where an organism’s numbers exceed the current carrying capacity of its habitat” (Ambani, 2013) There are many causes of overpopulation and overpopulation occurs when the number of organisms is of too great a number compared to the relevant resources and as a result, resources such as the water and essential nutrients they need to survive are inadequate. This can be a result from an increase in births, a decline in mortality rates, an increase in immigration, or an unsustainable biome and depletion of resources. This paper seeks to discuss how overpopulation began as well as the risk it carries. History of Overpopulation Industrial Revolution Prior to the industrial revolution, the world’s population did not change much. This was probably due to the fact that resources were difficult to come by. People were worried their ability to provide for their families would not be adequate. Furthermore, poor nutrition and famines were common. The average life expectancy...
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...The Prohibition Era The Progressive Movement was an effort to cure many vice of American society that had developed during the great spurt of industrial growth in the early 19th century. Under the rule of President Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson's presidency they both fulfilled the progressive reform agenda and laid the foundations of the modern activist presidency. They both demonstrated a dominant role in policymaking and were the crusaders of reform. They passed laws to help the American economy and people including laws like Underwood Tariffs, Banking, Anti-Trust regulations, and Pure Food and Drug Act and many more. These were the frontier of reform that have had been tamed, but not all policy were perfect. On October 28, 1919,...
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...The Progressive Era was a rough time for the United States. The country needed to be fixed. During the Progressive Era, there were many different movements all trying to achieve different goals to fix the country. Although they were all different, they had one thing in common. They were all trying to improve American Society. One of the movements during this time was the education reform movement. The education reform movement was an important movement and even though it faded, it had a lasting impact on society. The goal of the education reform movement was to improve the education for students and the working conditions for teachers. American schools and education needed to be reformed. Most students weren’t properly educated during this...
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...poor while the rich gets richer. Other than these, inequality is also linked to violence, mental health, crime and obesity. The scarce resources being monopolised by only the richest few could also result in an unsustainable future. Hence, inequality is environmentally unaffordable and destructive. A few doable actions that could be taken to tackle inequality includes paying a decent wage for decent wage. It is also important for the people to know that there is a safety net to help them and their family when they are facing certain financial problems. It is the government’s responsibility to ensure that there is free public services and good quality education for all to further reduce inequality. Certain rules and regulations should be enforced on taxation, especially the tracking down on tax avoidance and tax evasion. Progressive taxation is a must to reduce inequality as it redistributes riches more evenly. Lastly, there should be a globally agreed minimum rate of corporation tax and no maximum tax...
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...The Progressive Era, (1890s-1920s) was an age of reform, the nation’s response to the industrial revolution. Its effects touched virtually all Americans and transformed the role of government in American society. Although some areas of American life, namely, racial issues and women's rights, were neglected during the progressive age, the groundwork was laid for future reforms in those areas and others. After reviewing the Progressive Movement of the first two decades, the key principles were Democracy, Municipal Administration, Efficiency, the regulation of large corporations and monopolies, social work, and conservationism. The Progressives failed to achieve all their goals because, despite their efforts, they never fully came to terms with the divisions and conflicts in American society. Again and again, they acknowledged the existence of social disharmony more fully and frankly than had nineteenth-century Americans. Thus progressivism inevitably fell short of its rhetoric and intentions. Lest this seem an unfairly critical evaluation, it is important to recall how terribly ambitious were the stated aims and true goals of the reformers. They missed some of their marks because they sought to do so much. And, despite all their shortcomings, they accomplished an enormous part of what they set out to achieve. No, the first war can't be regarded as a Progressive conflict, that wasn't what the War was about and I would only see it as an impediment for the Progressive Reforms...
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