...Riba, Interest and Six Hadiths: Do We Have a Definition or a Conundrum? Dr. Mohammad Omar Farooq Associate Professor of Economics and Finance Upper Iowa University June 2006 [Draft; Feedback welcome] [pic]The Readers are highly encouraged to read another of my essays "Islamic Law and the Use and Abuse of Hadith" before this one to better follow and appreciate this essay. NOTE for fellow Muslims: Because this topic involves what is haram (prohibited) and halal (permissible) in Islam, every Muslim MUST do his/her own due diligence and conscientiously reach own position/decision in regard to personal practice. In doing so regarding this matter or any other aspect of life, Muslims should seek guidance from the Qur'an and the Prophetic legacy. Each hadith is properly referenced, but for internal reference within this essay, in the sequence presented, each hadith is numbered with # H-. Some of the references in this essay are from secondary sources. As the draft takes it final shape, original sources would be gradually cited and replace the secondary source citations. [pic] "There is nothing prohibited except that which God prohibits ... To declare something permitted prohibited is like declaring something prohibited permitted." Ibn Qayyim[1] [pic] I. Introduction The Qur'an categorically prohibits riba. However...
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...part of the subject in Islamic economic system. For example, the book by Qureshi on Islam and the Theory of Interest (Qureshi (l946)) which looked upon banking as a social service that should be sponsored by the government like other public institutions such as public health and education.2 His view was based on the point that the bank could neither pay any interest to account holders nor charge any interest on loans advanced. He also suggests the possibility for both Islamic banks and entrepreneur to create a partnership. No mention was made of profit-sharing.” Other economists were come up with different ideas at earlier stages such “the principle of mudarabah was appealed systematically by Uzair (l955). His main contribution lay in suggesting mudarabah as the main premise for 'interest less banking'. However, his argument that the Islamic bank should not make any capital investment with its own deposits rendered his analysis somewhat impractical. Al-Arabi (l966) also suggested a banking system with mudarabah as the...
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...01 1-PROBLEM & ITS BACKGROUND 1.1 Introduction In any economy banks play very important role. A bank is a reliable financial institution, which has core business of mobilizing the savings of people for investment purposes. It receives the money from one group and lends to other group of people. So bank performs the duty of financial intermediary. Usually there are two types of banks, conventional banks and Islamic banks. In simple words Islamic banks operate in interest free system. Prohibition of interest is ordained in Islam in all forms and intent. This Prohibition is strict, absolute and unambiguous. The Holy Qur'an in verse 278 of Surah Al-Baqarah states: "O ye who believe! Fear Allah and give up what remains of your demand for Riba, if ye are indeed believers." Verse 2: 279 says: "If you do it not, take notice of war from Allah and His Messenger. But if ye turn back, ye shall have your capital sums. Deal not unjustly and you shall not be dealt with unjustly." It therefore, follows that interest is prohibited as it leads to injustices and Islam is against all forms of injustices and exploitations and pleads an economic system, which aims at securing extensive socio-economic justice. The Islamic law of prohibition of Riba, which includes interest, was originally not based on economic theory but on Divine Authority, which considers the charging of interest as an act of injustice (Dr. Siddiqui). Islamic banks appeared on the world scene as active players two decades...
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...DARUL ULOOM, KORANGI, KARACHI DISTRIBUTOR IN U.K. AZHAR ACADEMY LTD., at continenta (London) Ltd.. Cooks Road, London E-15 2pw This copy cannot be sold in the U.K., unless sold by or authorised by the 3 Meezan Bank’s Guide to Islamic Banking TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface 7 SECTION I INTRODUCTION TO ISLAMIC ECONOMIC SYSTEM 1 2 3 Chapter 1: Chapter 2: Chapter 3: The Islamic Economic System Factors of production in Islam The objectives of the distribution of wealth in Islam 11 19 29 SECTION II RIBA, ITS PROHIBITION & CLASSIFICATIONS 4 5 6 7 8 Chapter 4: Chapter 5: Chapter 6: Chapter 7: Chapter 8: Riba in the Qur'an Riba in Hadith Riba and its types Commercial interest and usury Simple and compound interest 34 36 42 53 62 SECTION III ISLAMIC CONTRACT 9 10 11 12 Chapter 9: Chapter 10: Chapter 11: Chapter 12: Islamic contract Sale Valid Sale Five khiyars 66 68 70 77 SECTION IV ISLAMIC MODES OF FINANCING 13 Chapter 13: Musharakah 14 Chapter 14: Mudarabah 4 81 98 Meezan Bank’s Guide to Islamic Banking 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Chapter 15: Chapter 16: Chapter 17: Chapter 18: Chapter 19: Chapter 20: Chapter 21: Diminishing Musharakah Murabaha Salam Istisna’ Istijrar...
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...RISK MANAGEMENT IN ISLAMIC BANKING AND FINANCE: THE ARAB FINANCE HOUSE EXAMPLE Bilal A. Fleifel A Thesis Submitted to the University of North Carolina Wilmington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Business Administration Cameron School of Business University of North Carolina Wilmington 2009 Approved By Advisory Committee Howard Rasheed Cetin Ciner William H. Sackley Chair Accepted By DN: cn=Robert D. Roer, o=UNCW, ou=Dean of the Graduate School & Research, email=roer@uncw. edu, c=US Date: 2010.01.21 15:02:51 -05'00' ________________________ Dean, Graduate School TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................ vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. vii DEDICATION .................................................................................................................. viii LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................. ix LIST OF FIGURES...............................................................................................................x GLOSSARY .............................
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...techniques to analyze the financial secondary data for only publicly traded banks in the same region. The findings of the study show that there is a significant difference between the two sectors in 2007 and 2009 and there are no significant differences in 2008, which indicates the effect of the crisis on both sectors. IBs outperform TBs in 2007 and TBs outperform IBs in 2009. This result indicates the spread of the crisis to the real economy where IBs usually operate. INTRODUCTION Forty years ago Islamic Finance was virtually an unknown system; interestingly it has expanded to become a distinctive and fast growing segment of the International Financials markets. With a growth rate that ranges from 15% to 20% (EL- Qoroshy 2005). Islamic Finance in general and Islamic banking in specific become main players in the financial world. According to the IMF survey (2010) the total capital managed under Islamic Finance systems was estimated to be $820 billion at the end of 2008. More than 200 Islamic Banks operate in over than 70 countries concentrated in the MENA region and many western countries (Hassan & lewis, 2007). Obviously, the Islamic Banking sector attracts more attention during the financial crisis started in 2008. This attention is justified by the minor effect of the crisis on the financial institutions that comply to Islamic sharia’a (laws) (Chapra, 2008). In...
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...Life Insurance Limited 29 Dilkusha C/A Raj Bhaban (6th Floor) Dhaka – 1000 Phone – 9560889, 9570729 (Off) 8353552 (Res) Mobile – 019-366617 Fax – 880-2-9564390 Email – plicl@bdonline.com kmortuza@bdmail.net 2 Chapter (I) Basic ideas about Risk & Insurance 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. What is Risk? How do we distinguish between pure risk and speculative risk ? How risk is handled? Why every risk is not insured? What are the characteristics of Insurable risks? What are the requisites of Insurance for Covering Risk? What are the Principles of Insurance contract? What are the different types of Life Insurance policies? How Insurance is different from Gambling? 10. What is the main function of insurance? 11. What is the greatest value of insurance? 12. What is the Purpose of Life Insurance? 13. How insurance protects value of life? 14. How life Insurance schemes meet the saving needs? 15. What are the social and economic values of Insurance? 16. What is the Actuarial principle of Life Insurance? 17. What is reinsurance? 18. What are the different methods of reinsurance? 1. What is Risk? Risk has been defined as the uncertainty as to the occurrence of an economic loss. It is the passivity of adverse result from a desired outcome. Risk and probability are not synonymous. We must understand the difference between risk and probability. The terms hazard and peril are closely related to probability than they are to risk. For example, collision is a peril which causes motor car accident...
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...[pic] On A Study of foreign exchange operation of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited Acknowledgement At the very beginning I would like to thank Almighty Allah for giving me the strength to finish the project within the schedule time. During the preparation of this report I have received generous help from many individuals which I would like to mention with my deepest gratitude. First of all, I must take this opportunity to thank “Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited” for giving me the opportunity to complete my internship program in their organization. It was really a great opportunity to work on this topic, and which is really an important and exceptional report. I tried to dedicate my best trying and resources. But “Too Error is Human”, I am not exception to this, I have some limitations, also. My ultimate constraint was time, I invested beyond this report. If I could give more times, I could make it better in the point of view of doing “Discovery of Information”, “Recommendation” etc. Al last, I just want to say that I tried my best to make it realistic. I am extremely sorry for my limitations and constraints that had impact in making the “Internship Report” efficient and effective. [pic] |Topics ...
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...ACKNOWLEGEMENT: Apart from our efforts, the success of any project depends largely on the encouragement and guidelines of many others. We take this opportunity to express our gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the successful completion of this project. We would like to show our greatest appreciation to Mr. Shakeel Awan. We can’t say thank you enough for his tremendous support and help. We feel motivated and encouraged every time we attend his class. Without his encouragement and guidance this project would not have materialized. The guidance and support received from all the members who contributed and who are contributing to this project, was vital for the success of the project. We are grateful for their constant support and help. ABSTRACT: This research is conducted just to explore that what are the issues and challenges as also what opportunities are there for the Islamic banks in Pakistan. As Pakistan is a Muslim country and the main population is of Muslims, there is a great importance of Islamic banking in this country and people are getting aware of this financial system. But the main challenge here that is faced by the Islamic banking is that Pakistan govt. is supporting conventional banking more. For this research interviews were taken from the employees and the customers of Islamic banks. These interviews are about the basics of the Islamic banking, about the awareness of Muslim society, the opportunities for the development and growth...
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...for their undying love. I would never have come so far without them. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank my supervisor, Dr. Humayon Dar, for his insightful guidance and for always being welcoming and patient with my unannounced visits throughout the year. This dissertation would never have been produced otherwise. Last but not least, I would like to thank my friends at Loughborough University that have made my summer of 2004 all the more memorable. For everything that is right, credit goes to all of the above. For anything that is wrong, I am culpable. Ali Arsalan Tariq September 2004 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction II. Islamic Financial Assets: Overview of Theoretical Aspects 2.1 Prohibitions 2.1.1. Prohibition of Riba (Interest) ` 2.1.2. Prohibitions of Gharar (Excessive Uncertainty) 2.1.3. Avoidance of Unethical Investments and Services 2.2 Alternative Basis of Financial Instruments 2.2.1 Partnership Contracts 2.2.2. Exchange Contracts 2.2.3. Financial Assets III. Evolution and Profile of Sukuk Structures and Markets 3.1 Types of Sukuk 3.1.1 Pure Ijarah Sukuk 3.1.2. Hybrid/Pooled Sukuk 3.1.3. Variable Rate Redeemable Sukuk 3.1.4. Zero-coupon non-tradable Sukuk 3.1.5. Embedded Sukuk 3.1.6. Expanded List of Sukuk 3.2 Recent Developments in Sukuk Markets 3.3 Cases: Ijarah: Sovereign Sukuks 3.3.1 Qatar 3.3.2 Malaysia 3.3.3 Ijarah Corporate Sukuks: Gutherie 3.3.4. Hybrid Corporate Sukuks: IDB 3.4 Assessment of Sukuk Structures IV. Risks underlying Sukuk Structures...
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...Mohammad Omar Zubair, who is a source of inspiration for all those working in the field of Islamic economics and finance Islamic Banking and Finance New Perspectives on Profit-Sharing and Risk Edited by Munawar Iqbal Islamic Development Bank, Saudi Arabia David T. Llewellyn Loughborough University, UK Edward Elgar Cheltenham, UK • Northampton, MA, USA In association with: International Association of Islamic Economics Islamic Development Bank The Islamic Foundation © Dr Munawar Iqbal and Professor David T. Llewellyn 2002 (on behalf of the Steering Committee for the Fourth International Conference on Islamic Economics and Banking held at Loughborough University, UK, August 13–15, 2000) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Published by Edward Elgar Publishing Limited Glensanda House Montpellier Parade Cheltenham Glos GL50 1UA UK Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc. 136 West Street Suite 202 Northampton Massachusetts 01060 USA A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Islamic Banking and Finance: New Perspectives on Profit-Sharing and Risk / edited by Munawar Iqbal, David T. Llewellyn p. cm. “Some of the papers were presented at the Fourth International Conference...
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...ACT-6A Major: Accounting Batch: 6th Program: BBA ASA University Bangladesh (ASAUB) Date: December 30, 2012 December 30,2012 Dr. Md. Abdul Hye Professor & Dean, Faculty of Business ASA University Bangladesh (ASAUB). Dear Sir: SUBMISSION OF INTERNSHIP REPORT I have the pleasure to submit the internship report on ‘Modes of Investment of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (IBBL)’ for your kind perusal and evaluation. It is a matter of immense pleasure for me to have the opportunity to prepare internship report on, ‘Modes of Investment of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (IBBL)’. I am grateful to you for allowing me to carry out such work and necessary co-operation and assistance from you during my report. I believe that the knowledge and experiences acquired while conducting this study will help me in many ways and the readers as well in future. I have tried my best to accommodate my ideas and findings as specifically as you asked about within the time frame and resources available I would like to mention that there might be some errors in the report that is totally unintentional and due to professional hazard. I believe that you will consider such shortcomings while you evaluate the report. Sincerely Yours ………………………… Sheikh Refath Jessan REF/ref Encl.: Internship Report [pic] Acknowledgement All gratitude and thanks to Almighty Allah, the Gracious, the Most Merciful and Beneficent who gave...
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...International Journal of Economics, Management & Accounting 19, no. 1 (2011): 1-26 © 2011 by The International Islamic University Malaysia METHODOLOGY OF ISLAMIC ECONOMICS: OVERVIEW OF PRESENT STATE AND FUTURE DIRECTION* Mohamed Aslam Haneefa and Hafas Furqanib Department of Economics, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (Email: mdaslam@iiu. edu.my) b Department of Economics, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (Email: hafasf@gmail.com) a ABSTRACT This paper argues that research and publications in the area of methodology of Islamic economics is very significant for a meaningful development of the discipline. Although the discussion on methodology of Islamic economics in contemporary Islamic economics literature is rather limited, this paper reviews the works of selected scholars who have attempted to present works on ‘methodology’ and their approach to the process of theory building in Islamic economics. The paper then presents some implications of these views based on the position that methodology investigates the criteria, rationalizations, arguments and justifications used in theory appraisal as well as evaluating the reliability of theories, this paper concludes that greater resources, both human and financial, need to be channeled to developing uÎūl al-iqtiÎād, a fundamental, but vastly, neglected area of research in contemporary Islamic economics...
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...Abstract The objective of this study is to have practical knowledge on the Retail Banking services provided by the Private Conventional Banks and the Islamic banks in Bangladesh. Today, banks realize the importance of Retail Banking and its potential to help them acquire new customers, retain existing ones and maximize their lifetime value. this report provides an overall view of Retail Banking services in Bangladesh. the services provided by Private Conventional Banks and the Islamic banks are mentioned. Followed by are the products that are being used to provide these services. A trend of the retail banking services is done in the analysis part of this report. The Islamic banking concept is being adopted by some of the Private Commercial Banks to generate better understanding of the customer for product development, segmentation, appropriate targeting, campaign management and maintenance of long term profitable and mutually beneficial relationships with customers. The concept of Islamic Banking has been implemented on a vast scale. To meet the objective of the report a trend analysis of the retail deposit indicators,retail deposits and loans and advances is done in the fifth part of the report. there growth is also shown with line graphs. A comparison is also made between the PCB's retail banking services and that of IB's. In part six findings are listed and some recommendations are also made accordingly. Table of Contents Sl No | Topic | Page No. | 1.0 | Introduction1...
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...Islamic Banking: Answers to Some Frequently Asked Questions 9 ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT BANK ISLAMIC RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE ISLAMIC BANKING: ANSWERS TO SOME FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Mabid Ali Al-Jarhi and Munawar Iqbal Occasional Paper No.4 1422H 2001 Mabid Al-Jarhi and Munawar Iqbal 10 Islamic Banking: Answers to Some Frequently Asked Questions 11Mabid Al-Jarhi and Munawar Iqbal 12 Islamic Banking: Answers to Some Frequently Asked Questions 13 FOREWORD In the last quarter of a century, there has been a great interest in the Islamic banking system both at private and public levels. There is an earnest and widespread desire to understand the system. Academicians, bankers and general public, all, have some genuine questions and concerns. Policy makers in the monetary and financial sectors of the IDB member countries have also often asked the Islamic Research and Training Institute (IRTI) some basic questions of theoretical and practical importance about the elimination of interest from the national economies of Muslim countries and the transformation of the prevailing conventional system to an Islamic one. Some of these questions reflect a desire to understand the basic concepts of Islamic finance while others relate to the creation of an enabling environment through macroeconomic reform and structural adjustments that are needed to establish the Islamic financial system and the complications that arise when an effort is made to bring about the transformation...
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