The study did identify certain limitations within the research. One specific limitation the study discussed was that it evaluated only a single level of once-daily cranberry juice consumption. It did not investigate the use of cranberry extracts or consumption of actual cranberries, which could reduce applicability. It also identified that the subjects were volunteers and therefore may not have properly represented all groups of women who are treated for urinary tract infections. Another possible limitation that was not specifically addressed by the study was that compliance could have been forged. The individuals participating in the study self-reported through daily diaries which could easily have been skewed or falsified had they accidentally