...economists Adam Smith and David Ricardo who later developed the idea of free trade into its modern and recognizable form. Economists who advocated free trade believed trade was the reason why certain civilizations prospered economically. Adam Smith, for example, pointed to increased trading as being the reason for the flourishing of not just Mediterranean cultures such as Egypt, Greece, and Rome, but also of Bengal (East India) and China. The great prosperity of the Netherlands after throwing off Spanish Imperial rule and pursuing a policy of free trade made the free trade/mercantilist dispute the most important question in economics for centuries. Free trade policies have battled withmercantilist, protectionist, isolationist, communist, populist, and other policies over the centuries. * More than anything seen on the political commitments and having to accept less than perfect solutions to problems, it is an opportunity to grow . Before Nicaragua exported some products but only thanks to treaties have increased the number and variety of products. 2- Some 140,000 people are employed by the sugar industry, people that would, according to the farmers, eventually lose their livelihood with CAFTA , and if other agreements go into effect....
Words: 486 - Pages: 2
...8/31/15 SI: Monday 2-2:50 WH118 Tuesday 11-11:50 WH 218 Thursday 11-11:50 WH 111 hallecarrasco@my.unt.edu * Overview of reconstruction * Lincoln’s plan (1863-1865) * Presidential reconstruction (1865-1867) * Congressional reconstruction (1867-1872) * “redemption” (1870-1877) * * know general phases * congressional reconstruction (or radical reconstruction) * radical republicans in congress * thaddeus stevens – from Pennsylvania - Charles sumner * Had similar reasons * Stevens in sympathetic to those that are oppressed ; steps up and opposes lincoln’s plan; doesn’t think the oppressed have been helped enough through concrete measures. Big supporter of freedman’s. * Sumner was beaten by canes in the senate chamber – personal animosity toward slavery and democracy in the south * almost like restarting over; a do-over * idealism and political motive * wanted to create a republican party in the south * Wanted to * Punish southerners * Protect freedmen * Strengthen republican party * 14th amendment * granting citizenship to African americans; can vote and hold office * outlawed black codes * righting wrongs that had popped up * some African americans were actually elected to senate; although this doesn’t last * 15th amendment ...
Words: 4829 - Pages: 20
...Economic Diplomacy – The Case of China and Zambia Marcov Alexandru Cristian Economic Diplomacy – The Case of China and Zambia Introduction Former Indian diplomat, Kishan S Rana defines Economic Diplomacy as “the process through which countries tackle the outside world, to maximize their national gain in all the fields of activity including trade, investment and other forms of economically beneficial exchanges, where they enjoy comparative advantage.; it has bilateral, regional and multilateral dimensions, each of which is important”.[1] China has emphatically registered its presence on the African economic and political landscape in the last decade. Among other things, the volume of trade between China and Africa has risen steadily from USD 10 billion a year in 2000 to over USD 40 billion in 2005, and is projected to cross USD 100 billion by 2010. To celebrate and cement these growing ties, thirty five heads of state from Africa assembled in Beijing at the invitation of the Chinese president Hu Jintao for the inaugural China-Africa Summit (referred to as the Summit henceforth) in November 2006. More than 2000 trade deals were signed in Beijing as China promised USD 5 billion in aid and credit to African countries in the next few years, and vowed to train thousands of its young men and women.[2] Zambia is a land-locked country in Southern Africa with a population of 13 460 305. Zambia’s natural resources include copper, cobalt, zinc, lead...
Words: 2355 - Pages: 10
...Best Buy enters India by Francisco Polo Professor Hamid Assar International Finance – FIN535 May 22, 2012 Summary Best Buy Co., Inc. is an American specialty retailer of consumer electronics in the United States, accounting for 19% of the market. It also operates in Puerto Rico, Mexico, Canada and China. The company's subsidiaries include Geek Squad, CinemaNow, Magnolia Audio Video, Pacific Sales, and, in Canada operates under both the Best Buy and Future Shop label. Together these operate more than 1,150 stores domestically and internationally. In addition, the company operates over 100 Best Buy Express Automated Retail stores or "ZoomShops", operated by Zoom Systems, in airports and malls around the U.S. The company is headquartered in Richfield, Minnesota, United States. On March 9, 2009, Best Buy became the largest electronics retail store (online and bricks and mortar) in the eastern United States, after smaller rival Circuit City went out of business. Fry's Electronics remains a major competitor in the western United States, while Hhgregg remains competitive in the eastern United States. Many locations feature in-store pickup, which can be arranged through the company's website. As of December 28, 2008, the company operated 1,010 Best Buy Stores, 13 Magnolia Audio Video Stores (specializing in high-end electronics), 7 stand-alone Geek Squad stores, 3 Audio Visions Stores, 13 Best Buy Mobile Stores (standalone) and...
Words: 3259 - Pages: 14
...The Difference Between Art and Entertainment by Jeff Goins | 99 Comments Art, they say, is in the eye of the beholder. Which is a nice way of saying it’s whatever you want it to be. But I don’t believe that. Photo credit: Mark Heard (Creative Commons) Although I don’t have an objective perspective (nobody does), and mine is but one opinion, I believe there is such a thing as good and bad art. Maybe that’s asking too much, for us to label art “good” or “bad,” or maybe that feels too restrictive. That’s fine, I suppose; I don’t want to impose my artistic standards on someone else, nor would I appreciate having it the other way around. But what is not okay is calling something “art” when it’s not — when it is, in fact, something else. Art versus entertainment My friend Stephen pointed out recently, quoting Makoto Fujimura I think, that the difference between art and entertainment is subtle, but important: Entertainment gives you a predictable pleasure… Art leads to transformation. If that’s true, then we may have a problem, because what a lot of people call “art” isn’t changing us. At best, it’s entertaining us, dulling our senses and inebriating us to the realities of the world. Which is not the point. Art is supposed to transform: * It surprises. * It wounds. * It changes. Entertainment makes us feel good. It doesn’t surprise us; it meets our expectations. And that’s why we like entertainment: it coddles us. But the problem with entertainment is it leaves...
Words: 3683 - Pages: 15
...Case study: Companies are trying to improve Employee attitudes during the recession. This is a case study which revolves around the steps taken by managers and corporations in improving the attitudes of employees towards recession. Real life examples are given in the form of consumer services giants like Bain & Co, Home Depot and Best buy. Now let us look at the facts and the answers to the questions asked. Facts Presented in the case: 1. Bain & co.’s CEO Steve Ellis hired people even during the recession. He added consultants in the hot-growth areas such as emerging markets and targeted experienced consultants who were left stranded during the hard financial times. 2. Home Depots chairman and chief executive Frank Blake set realistic goals to boost employee morale in spite of handing pink slips to some of the employees. This resulted in many employees getting high bonuses thus resulting in high employee morale. 3. Companies which took advantage of employees in the downturn were rewarded with many employees leaving the company. 4. Best buy found ways to boost employee morale by getting them involved in the organization. 5. JetBlue has cut back across the board and over the past year –delaying aircraft orders, trimming head count through voluntary unpaid leaves and even shedding the free pillows from its aircraft in order to cut costs. Identifying the Key issues: The key issues that can be observed from the above case are as follows. 1. Corporations...
Words: 4020 - Pages: 17
...CREDIT CARD CONTENT Sl. No | | Page. No | 1 | INTRODUCTION | 1-3 | 2 | CREDIT CARD: WHAT ARE CREDIT CARD | 4-6 | 3 | ADVANTAGES OF CREDIT CARD | 7 | 4 | DISADVANTAGES OF CREDIT CARD | 8 | 5 | CREDIT CARD: PROS AND CON | 9-11 | 6 | HOW YOUR CREDIT CARD IS CHANGING | 11-13 | 7 | HOW TO GET OUT OF CREDIT CARD DEBT | 14 | 8 | CONCLUSION | 14-15 | Credit Cards: Introduction Are you thinking about making a purchase? Among the payment choices tucked away in a consumer's a wallet is the credit card. Its popularity since its debut in the late 1950s has skyrocketed. Many people enjoy the convenience and protections it offers, such as the ability to defer payments and keep records of purchases. However, credit cards can either help to improve your lifestyle by offering convenient payment and helping you build credit, or they can leave you with a pile a of debt - it all depends on how you use them. Problems can be avoided but understanding the terms of the credit card agreement, spending wisely and selecting the appropriate card. Here we take an in-depth look at credit cards and provide useful information about how you can use one to your best advantage. How Credit Cards Built A Plastic Empire :- Credit cards are nearing necessity status in modern life. If you want to rent a video, book tickets online, or place an advanced order for something...
Words: 7132 - Pages: 29
...Identification. Christopher Columbus landed in Puerto Rico in 1493, during his second voyage, naming it San Juan Bautista. The Taínos, the indigenous people, called the island Boriquén Tierra del alto señor ("Land of the Noble Lord"). In 1508, the Spanish granted settlement rights to Juan Ponce de León, who established a settlement at Caparra and became the first governor. In 1519 Caparra had to be relocated to a nearby coastal islet with a healthier environment; it was renamed Puerto Rico ("Rich Port") for its harbor, among the world's best natural bays. The two names were switched over the centuries: the island became Puerto Rico and its capital San Juan. The United States anglicized the name to "Porto Rico" when it occupied the island in 1898 after the Spanish-American War. This spelling was discontinued in 1932. Puerto Ricans are a Caribbean people who regard themselves as citizens of a distinctive island nation in spite of their colonial condition and U.S. citizenship. This sense of uniqueness also shapes their migrant experience and relationship with other ethnoracial groups in the United States. However, this cultural nationalism coexists with a desire for association with the United States as a state or in the current semiautonomous commonwealth status. Location and Geography. Puerto Rico is the easternmost and smallest of the Greater Antilles, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and the Caribbean Basin to the south. Puerto Rico is a crucial hemispheric access...
Words: 5687 - Pages: 23
...A03-04-0011 Delta Air Lines: The Latin America Contact Center Decision PY In early September 2000, Mary Smith, Delta Air Lines’ Regional Director of Reservations for Latin America and the Caribbean, glanced over her notes one more time. Delta had decided to consolidate all of its reservations offices in Latin America into a single Latin America Contact Center. Now it was up to her to recommend a country location for this $3–4 million investment. Gail Childs, her immediate supervisor and General Manager for International Reservations, would want her report soon in order to get the final go-ahead from Delta’s CEO. Although a number of countries were possible options, Mary reviewed again the pros and cons for Mexico, Chile, and Argentina. CO The Internationalization of Customer Service NO T By 2000, telephone customer service was growing rapidly throughout the world. Many companies chose to outsource their telephone customer service operations to outside call centers; others kept such operations in-house. Other than locating call centers, also known as contact centers, within a region to be closer to customers, the principal reason for U.S. companies to move telephone customer service outside of the United States was to reduce costs. Because labor costs constituted between 60–80% of a call center’s operating expenses,1 airlines, computer firms, credit card companies, and others that used telephone customer service extensively were moving these...
Words: 5864 - Pages: 24
...Descriptive Topics for IBPS PO 2012 The best way to inspire and involve the Indian youth in making India an upcoming economic power is for all political parties to engage themselves in politics of development. In your well-considered opinion what measures should be adopted to achieve the goal. Needless to reiterate and reaffirm that India needs politics of development rather than the politics of polemics and populism. More than ever before, both people and political parties should see to it that they work for harmony and not for acrimony among people professing different faiths and practising varied ways of conduct and character in their day to day lives. No other concern and consideration should weigh on the perceptions and priorities of politicians, programmers and planners, except those that enhance developmental activities in all walks of life and ultimately help improve quality of life of those subsisting at the lowest levels of our socio-economic ladder. It is time now that political parties of every hue and hype focused their manifestos, programmes and policies on developmental vision and pragmatic approach and action to achieve the goals of social justice. There is no denying that the most effective measure in this direction is the involvement of youth in developmental activities and a harmonious harnessing of their youthful energies and enthusiasm. For this to happen on the ground, we, as an upcoming nation, need to orient ourselves towards development, whether on farms...
Words: 17609 - Pages: 71
...PETROLEUM IN BRAZIL: Petrobras, Petro-Sal, Legislative Changes & the Role of Foreign Investment ANDREW D. FISHMAN George Washington University Washington, DC 20052 (860) 690 - 7553 AFishman11@Gmail.com Introduction On November 8, 2007, the state-owned Petróleo Brasileiro S/A (Petrobras) announced that it had discovered a “monstrous” reserve of light oil in the Tupi field of the Santos basin, off the coast of southern Brazil. A day later it removed 41 adjacent exploration blocks from a scheduled government concession auction to reanalyze how to best exploit the new resources.1 Since opening its petroleum industry in 2007, Brazil has attracted hordes of foreign corporations and created hundreds of thousands of jobs. In 2009 President Lula proposed sweeping changes to the industry in the form of four bills that would greatly increase the government’s involvement and relegate foreign oil companies to the role of “subservient partners.” In that same year, Petrobras successfully executed a public stock offering worth almost $79 billion (bn). Yet despite the largest public offering in history and tens of billions of barrels in proven and expected reserves, analysts at Credit Suisse and Deutsche Bank, among others, have downgraded Petrobras’ investment rated to “neutral” and “hold,” respectively. Despite incredible potential, uncertainty over the potential increase in government control, over-ambitious targets, infrastructural bottlenecks, technological capabilities, and corruption...
Words: 8713 - Pages: 35
...Essay RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL REPRODUCTION* Frederick Mark Gedicks† Roger Hendrix†† (forthcoming in St. John’s Law Review (Fall 2004)) And the angel of the Lord appeared to Moses in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush; and he looked, and lo, the bush was burning, yet it was not consumed. God called to him out of the bush, "Moses, Moses!" And he said, "Here am I." Then he said, "Do not come near; put off your shoes from your feet, for the place on which you are standing is holy ground." And he said, "I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob." And Moses hid his face, for he was afraid to look at God. —Exodus 3:2, 4-6 Now as Saul journeyed he approached Damascus, and suddenly a light from heaven flashed about him. And he fell to the ground and heard a voice saying to him, "Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me?" And he said, "Who are you, Lord?" And he said, "I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting.” —Acts 9:3-6 The Passion of The Christ is the best movie I have ever seen. It was graphic and faithfully stayed with the Gospel texts. The neck of my shirt was soaked with tears during the scourging, and I felt like a softball was lodged in the back of my throat as the movie concluded. The nearest feeling that I can compare it to was an * Copyright © Frederick Mark Gedicks & Roger Hendrix. All rights reserved. This essay is based on a lecture delivered by Professor Gedicks at the St. John’s University College of Law...
Words: 16274 - Pages: 66
...S E C T I O N II Understanding White-Collar Crime Definitions, Extent, and Consequences S ecti on Hi g h l i g h ts •• •• •• •• •• •• White-Collar Crime: An Evolving Concept Modern Conceptualizations of White-Collar Crime Extent of White-Collar Crime Consequences of White-Collar Crime Public Attitudes About White-Collar Crime Characteristics of White-Collar Offenders A 34 s noted in the introduction, Edwin Sutherland created the concept of white-collar crime more than 70 years ago to draw attention to the fact that crimes are committed by individuals in all social classes. As will be seen in this section, one of the largest difficulties in understanding white-collar crime has centered on an ongoing debate about how to define white-collar crime. After discussing various ways that white-collar crime can be defined, attention will be given to the extent of white-collar crime, the consequences of this illicit behavior, public attitudes about white-collar crime, and patterns describing the characteristics of white-collar offenders. Section II Understanding White-Collar Crime 35 As a backdrop to this discussion, consider the following recent white-collar crimes described in the media: •• A jury convicted [then-Baltimore mayor Sheila] Dixon . . . of embezzling about $500 worth of gift cards donated to the city for needy families. Dixon then pleaded guilty last month to lying about thousands of dollars in gifts from her former boyfriend, a prominent developer...
Words: 20605 - Pages: 83
...OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY OUTLINE OF OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY C O N T E N T S CHAPTER 1 Early America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 CHAPTER 2 The Colonial Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 CHAPTER 3 The Road to Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 CHAPTER 4 The Formation of a National Government . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 CHAPTER 5 Westward Expansion and Regional Differences . . . . . . . 110 CHAPTER 6 Sectional Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 CHAPTER 7 The Civil War and Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 CHAPTER 8 Growth and Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 CHAPTER 9 Discontent and Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 CHAPTER 10 War, Prosperity, and Depression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 CHAPTER 11 The New Deal and World War I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 CHAPTER 12 Postwar America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 CHAPTER 13 Decades of Change: 1960-1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 CHAPTER 14 The New Conservatism and a New World Order . . . . . . 304 CHAPTER 15 Bridge to the 21st Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 PICTURE PROFILES Becoming a Nation . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
Words: 104976 - Pages: 420
...The Tobin Tax And Its Effects On The Foreign Exchange Market International Business Thesis By Mark Hansen 290587-1563 & Nina Johansen 140988-1838 Advisor Niels Blomgren-Hansen 17.05.2010 Executive summary In this thesis a financial transaction tax in the form of the Tobin Tax is examined as a means to reduce volatility on the foreign exchange market. James Tobin original proposal is presented followed by his 1995 paper and Frankel’s contribution to the discussion. Frankel gives merit to Tobin’s line of reasoning on reducing stability by dividing investors into short-term speculators and long-term fundamentalists and defines the former’s activities as destabilizing and the latter as stabilizing. However, we find this segmentation problematic since it is not possible to divide the market participants into these categories in the foreign exchange market. Many of the short-term investors do not necessarily speculate or disregard fundamentals, but rather try to avoid risk. Accordingly, many of the short term market movements are instead stabilizing. Therefore, the Tobin Tax would not only deter the destabilizing transactions, but also the stabilizing ones. If the foreign exchange market is in fact excessively volatile as Tobin argues then the tax could possibly have a positive effect by throwing sand in the wheels and thereby slowing short-term reactions. Our findings suggest that the foreign exchange market is in fact highly volatile, but we find no convincing...
Words: 24467 - Pages: 98
