...Daniel Rojas Professor BlackLock Crime & Deviance Test 1 Domestic Deviance Is known as the root of the matter. Described as deviance that occurs within an intimate setting such as a home, between individuals that interact on a routine basis. The public normally doesn’t see this form of deviance thus making it unique. For example spousal abuse which occurs when conflicting parties have qualms with each other, and lack the social skills to express themselves. Secondly, there is child abuse where a parent might harm their kids mentally or physically. Granted, different cultures of people discipline their offspring in very distinct ways. African Americans are known for the plantation form discipline, while Caucasian individuals choose techniques like time out, and taking away privileges. Secondly, sexual deviance is sexual behavior that diverges from the norms of society. This complicated matter because first we must find out what makes these sexual acts so deviant. Sexual acts that might have been considered deviant years ago might be considered acceptable or normal today. People tend to commit acts that bring them satisfaction and pleasure even if its seen as taboo. As disturbing as it might sound often times this is true. Furthermore, sexual deviance can be influenced by one's environment and morals. For example a big contributor to sexual deviance is pornography and how easy it is today to access this kind of content. A person who has some erotic fantasy will go on...
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...Prostitution: Why do women get involved in it and how does it affect them? Prostitution has been going on for many centuries. Many studies have gone on, researching and trying to understand on why women get involved with prostitution and the main effects it has on then. Some report the main causes of early prostitution was due to poverty and deviance. Many see it as a career, a way to make a living and survive and provide for their families. “Studies show that many women engage themselves in such activities as prostitution by their own choice, forced into it, or because of their own mental health state. The start of prostitution started centuries. In the beginning many women were obligated to have sex with men. Along with citizens from other countries being forced onto cluttered boats to come to the United States as slaves, women were forced and used as sexual objects. Over time, women started getting paid for their sexual favors, many recent studies prove mainly that poverty drove women into prostitution. Women from all ages engaged in sexual acts, as a way to get by. Prostitution occurs all over the world, in the United States it is not something you would think about on a daily basis, other countries it occurs everywhere and is recognized. In certain countries “high unemployment has led many women, especially women from the rural sector, to enter into a life of prostitution. This problem has been widespread in many countries all over the world. “The everyday living...
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...When looking at the topic of deviance, sociologists make it clear to define between what is criminal and what is deviant or at least what is seen to be either of these two things. For example, when defining deviance, sociologists often describe it as the breaking of social norms as opposed to the breaking of criminal law as a crime would be defined. In this essay I am going to discuss different sociological perspectives on the issue of deviance, how it affects society as a whole as well as individuals, and different social groups within it. I will be looking at what are believed to be the functions of deviance to society, if any, and arguments as to whether deviance is positive or negative. One sociological perspective on deviance is that it is perfectly normal in all healthy societies. For example, functionalists see society as based on a value consensus, meaning all members share common norms and values and are in agreement of what is acceptable and unacceptable in society. They suggest that all social institutions work together to create social harmony and social order that assist in the smooth running of society. Functionalists therefore, see deviance as being a positive attribute for society. Durkheim, a functionalist, says that deviance is inevitable in society; in other words, it is impossible to have no deviance. Durkheim says that the punishment of deviance warns people away from wrongdoing through...
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...Sexual Deviance Abstract Sexual deviance has been one of the most maligned stigmas that has been attached to an individual in any society at any time. From the earliest of times, even in Biblical times, there was a connotation of evil surrounding the suggestion of improprieties in any area of the sexual arena. So much so, that areas of life where man, woman and even livestock interacted with each other were regulated. From that time until now sexual acts have been subjected to scrutiny; and a disreputable label attached to any who would openly flaunt its conventions. Keywords: deviance, sanctions, homosexuality SEXUAL DEVIANCE I have expressed an interest in the topic of sexual deviance because it has a personal application in my life at the present time. I am seeking some additional information into the subject and wonder why it is so objectionable to just about all societies. The mass media is a sounding board for the mass audience and is the premier agent that reflects back to society what it is that we accept and what it is we reject. There are a number of social norms that govern sex concerning what is acceptable and what is not acceptable. We will discuss the three different theories of sociology along with mass media and its implications. ...
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...behavior that interposes what is the norm is deemed deviant. In considering varies forms of deviance I believe the impression society has on prostitution stems from many social taboos. Prostitution has been in existences since biblical times. It is seen as debase, individuals are believed to have low morals, as well as a low self-esteem. In the American culture there are strong views on sexuality. We live in a society that encourages the belief that sex is meant to be with a spouse. Anything other is thought to be “meaningless” Therefore this idea may actually encourage men to seek sex with a prostitute if all they want is “meaningless” sex. Prostitute offer indiscriminating sex which allowing men to loose there inhibition and perform certain sex acts that are considered immoral by our society. This may motivate men who desire these acts to seek the services of a prostitute. While sex with a prostitute is may be considered immoral, it can be a freeing experiences for men that feel that they are sexually oppressed. Giving them a sense of freedom to express themselves in a manner in which they can’t express with their partner. Which may encourage men to seek out a prostitute. The functionalist view is that prostitution actually aids in fortifying sexual principles. In an essence allowing the industry keeps the “respectable” women pure. Thus permitting men to satisfy their immoral sexual desires elsewhere. Another point of view is the feminist view. Feminist feel that the functionalist...
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...Prostitution is a highly debated term. Its common definition is the exchange of sexual services for compensation, usually in the form of money or other valuables (Ditmore, 2006; Edlund & Korn, 2002; Esselstyn, 1968). Yet, there are many activities that can fall into this category, and it can be argued that getting married for the purpose of having a home and livelihood qualifies as prostitution (Edlund & Korn, 2002). Some add that to differentiate prostitution from other forms of nonmarital sexual activities, it must be devoid of emotional attachment between partners (McGinn, 1998). Others, such as Edlund and Korn, argue that an element of promiscuity must also be involved. However, the notions “devoid of emotional attachment” and “promiscuity” are also vague. A young woman maintaining a long-term sexual relationship with a “sugar daddy” may not fall in this category, while others may argue that this is indeed a form of prostitution. There is also difficulty in determining the number of partners one should have to be considered promiscuous. For example, the following was noted: A woman who had sex with more than 23,000 men should be classified as a prostitute, although 40 to 60 would also do. However, promiscuity itself does not turn a woman into a prostitute. Although a vast majority of prostitutes are promiscuous, most people would agree that sleeping around does not amount to prostitution. (Edlund & Korn, 2002, p. 183) John Ince, a lawyer and leader of the Sex Party, a Canadian...
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...FUNCTIONALISM DURKHEIM’S FUNCTIONALIST THEORY * functionalists see society as based on value consensus – it sees members of a society as sharing a common culture * sharing the same culture produces social solidarity – binding individuals together and telling them how to behave in order to achieve solidarity, SOCIETY HAS TWO KEY MECHANISMS: SOCIAL CONTROL -rewards for conformity -punishments for deviance -ensures that individuals behave in the way that society requires SOCIALISATION -instils the shared culture into its members. -insures that people internalise the same norms and values. -so they act in the way that society requires * While functionalists see too much crime as destabilising society, they also see crime as inevitable and universal. * Every known society has some level of crime and deviance – a crime free society is a contradiction in terms. * DURKHEIM: ‘’is normal... an integral part of all healthy societies’’ REASONS WHY CRIME IS FOUND IN ALL SOCIETIES: In complex modern societies, there is a diversity of lifestyles and values. Different groups develop their own subcultures with distinctive norms and values, so what a subculture sees as normal may be seen as deviant in mainstream society. In complex modern societies, there is a diversity of lifestyles and values. Different groups develop their own subcultures with distinctive norms and values, so what a subculture sees as normal may be seen as deviant in mainstream...
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...Assess the functionalist view that a small amount of crime is useful to society There is a long running argument between sociologists about the existence of crime and deviance and whether or not it can benefit societies in some ways. Many of them in the functionalist point of view argue that it can however, there are many, for example Marxists and feminists, which would argue that it doesn’t benefit anyone. Durkheim, the ‘founding father’ of functionalism believed that a small amount of crime in a society is necessary toward creating a perfect society, due to the three functions or outcomes that crime induces upon its occurrence: boundary maintenance, adaptation and change and social solidarity. Boundary maintenance is the effect that crime has upon the conformers within the society in which they see or hear about a crime and then know where the boundaries of their actions lie, due to the reaction of the authorities from the crime carried out and from the severity of the punishment given to the law-breaker, acting almost as a deterrent of crime toward the wider society. Adaptation and change is an outcome of a crime and is what can be done to prevent that crime from happening, as it perhaps show that parts of the society and community are flawed and need to be adjusted so that everybody can live better lives and not think they need to break the law to get the things they want or deviate from the consensus values to get what they want either. A large scale crime, for example...
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...CHAPTER 7 DEVIANCE AND SOCIAL CONTROL Deviance 171 Social Policy and Social Control: Illicit Drug Use in Canada and Worldwide 193 What Is Deviance? 171 Explaining Deviance 175 Social Control 182 Conformity and Obedience 182 Informal and Formal Social Control Law and Society 186 Crime 185 187 Types of Crime 188 Crime Statistics 190 The Issue 193 The Setting 193 Sociological Insights 193 Policy Initiatives 193 Boxes RESEARCH IN ACTION: Street Kids 183 sOCIOLOGY IN THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY: Singapore: A Nation of Campaigns 186 TAKING SOCIOLOGY TO WORK: Holly Johnson, Chief of Research, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada 192 Cigarette smoking has become stigmatized in Canada. This newspaper advertisement, sponsored by Health Canada, reverses the typical advertising strategy of equating smoking with sexiness. 169 H eidi Fleiss was in her late twenties when she was arrested for operating a call girl service. At the time, her pediatrician father had reacted flippantly, “I guess I didn’t do such a good job on Heidi after all.” Later, he would be convicted of conspiring to hide profits from his daughter’s call girl ring. Fleiss had dropped out of school when she was sixteen and established a liaison with a playboyfinancier who gave her a Rolls-Royce for her twenty-first birthday. In her early twenties, Fleiss interned in the world of prostitution by working for Madame Alex (Elizabeth Adams)...
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...Jonquelia Semies Assignment 2 Chapter 5 1. What is the definition of a secondary group? a) Incorrect. A small social group whose members share personal and lasting relationships b) Correct. A large and impersonal social group whose members pursue a specific goal and activity c) Incorrect. Two or more people who identify with and interact with one another describes a social group d) Incorrect. A social group whose members have interests , social position , and age in common 2. Which leadership role focuses on the group’s well-being? Democratic and a) Incorrect .Laisezz-faire Leadership allows the group to function more or less on its own b) Correct. Expressive Leadership is when a group leadership that focus on c) Incorrect .Instrumental Leadership is a group leadership that focuses on the completion tasks. d) In correct. Democratic Leadership is more expensive and makes a point of including everyone in the decision making process. 3. What is the tendency of group members to conform, resulting in a narrow view of some issue? a) In correct. In-group is a social group toward which a member feels respect and loyalty b) Incorrect. Out- group is a social group toward which a person c) Correct. Groupthink the tendency of group members to conform, resulting in a narrow view of some issue d) Incorrect. Triad is a social group with three members 4. What German...
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...The topic of prostitution and drug use has been an ongoing battle over the decriminalization of these so called victimless crimes. They are both correlated to sociological factors, such as, race, gender, socioeconomic standing and age, which, increases the likelihood of becoming involved in prostitution and illegal drug use. They are correlated to each other because prostitution is a means of income to support drug use and drug use is used to make a prostitutes work “bearable”. This paper will discuss in detail, prostitution and illicit drug use, including the contributions of sociological variables. Furthermore, it will distinguish whether the two are truly victimless crimes. Finally, it will include a personal opinion regarding the decriminalization of drug abuse and prostitution. Prostitution is associated with sexual services for hire. Lyn Stankiewicz Murphy defined prostitution as “a behaviour that involves the exchange of sexual services for economic compensation in the form of drugs, money, or needed resources” (2010, p.775). There are several types of prostitutes that are based on their status. From lowest status to highest, they are: streetwalkers, bar prostitutes, house prostitutes, massage-parlour prostitutes and escort service prostitutes. Streetwalkers are those who solicit their availability on the streets and are most often ran by pimps. Bar prostitutes work in bars and lounges, while house prostitutes “operate illegally and on a small scale” and are “managed...
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...Question 1 chapter 9 Deviance: the recognized violation of cultural norm an example of deviance is stealing and copy someone's work (plagiarism) k Chapter 9 Q 4 what are the three types of crime: Crimes against the person: These are crimes in which an act of violence is either threatened or perpetrated against a person. A mugging is an example of a crime against the person. Crimes against property: These are crimes that involve the theft of money or property belonging to other. Arson is an example of a property crime. Victimless crimes: These are crimes in which laws are violated, but there is no Identifiable victim. Prostitution is often classified as a victimless crime. Question 3 chapter 9 Hate crime: is a criminal act against a person or a person's property by an offender motivated by racial or other bias. A hate crime may express hostility toward someone's race, religion, ancestry, sexual orientation, or physical ability an example of hate crimes in 1998 , people across the country we stunned by brutal killing of Mathew shepard , a gay student at the university of wyoming by two men filled with hatred toward homosexual . Chapter 10 q 5 social stratification is a system by which a society ranks categories of people in hierarchy. Societies began to elevate specific categories of people above others, giving some part of the population more wealth, power and prestige than others. 1-Social stratification is a trait of society, not simply a reflection of...
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...Deviance The study of deviance is the basis for criminology in sociology—the study of crime and its effects on society. nDeviance refers to the socially disapproved violations of important norms and expectations of a society. nWho is deviant differs from one culture to another. nStigma is the mark of deviance (the Scarlet Letter). n 5/17/2002 1 Social control n n Social controls are sanctions which try to keep people from deviance. Internal social controls are behaviors and attitudes socialized into the individual to protect them from deviance. External controls are society’s mechanisms like the law and the police. Since everyone breaks social rules and norms, the sociology of deviance usually refers to those who do it big-time. 2 5/17/2002 Theories of deviance Who becomes deviant? Why do they do it? 5/17/2002 3 Labeling theory n Labeling theory: a person becomes deviant when they get labeled as such. Getting a deviant identity means distinguishing between primary and secondary deviance. Primary deviance is where most people do something deviant but it is not discovered; secondary deviance is where a person takes on the identity of a deviant and may be thrust into a “deviant career.” Labeling theory fails to explain when being labeled deviant can jolt someone out of becoming a career deviant. Deviants are seen here as helpless victims rather than bad guys 4 5/17/2002 Transmission theory n 5/17/2002 Cultural transmission theory...
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...society. Meaning that they do not feel connected to the values they were poorly raised into. For instance, Durkheim argued that people feel anomie for the values and this makes them commit crime because they do not know that they aren’t supposed to, or that it is wrong. To them there is a blurred line between right and wrong. Therefore functionalism is useful at explaining what crime is caused by. Functionalists also feel though crime has a function in society, 1 Boundary maintenance, meaning that public displays of punishment (public courts) are seen by all and the values that were broken by the crime are solidified as people join in outrage at the criminal. 2. Adaptation and change is also a function of crime and deviance, namely that without a little deviance form the norms society would stagnate causing nothing to happen and more crime to develop out of frustration. 3. Safety valve, following from adaptation and change Durkheim...
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...Spanning spells in New York, London, and New Orleans, ‘Paradoxia’ (titled after one of Krafft-Ebing’s four categories of deviance – this one due to sexual desire at the wrong time of life, for example childhood) is a troubling memoir indeed, and definitely not for the faint-hearted. Charging her psychosexual deviance to her beginnings as a childhood victim of abuse, Lunch depicts depraved episodes including thieving, prostitution, fucking 14-year-old boys, meeting an apparent cannibal, and other decidedly transgressive...
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