...Accounting Business System Riordan’s Manufacturing’s Accounting Services division provides oversight of compliance and financial processes and audits for each of the enterprise’s divisions. Through regular procedural reviews of each division, issuance of reports, compliance assessments and audits, reporting packages, general accounting, and dissemination of finance metrics. Accounting for the enterprise is not as complex as it may seem, but requires a large team to interact with the information at hand. Projects with the automobile and airline industries include the same common components to be manufactured, but distributed in large quantities which may only be purchased a few times per year. The complexity and time-consuming responsibilities for the accounting team at RM revolve around the repetitive assessments and audits, reporting distribution to each division regarding financial data on a monthly and annual basis, fiscal management and monitoring to identify issues through assessment, and the accounts receivable process which can be tedious through the complex workflow involving dozens of papers and websites which the department refers to as “navigating a minefield.” The proposed ERP solution offers an integrated accounting package that will provide the ability to create accounts for each client and their respective divisions, manages the finances of internal divisions and correlate the financial management with each respective client, integrate with supply chain management...
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...How to measure the quality of voluntary disclosure in annual reports The goal of voluntary disclosure is to give more information than required of reporting standards. This to create more disclosure (Scott, 2009, p.109). Although voluntary disclosure provides more information than required, the earnings quality can be questionable. Earnings quality can be defined as the extent to which reported earnings faithfully represent Hicksian income (Schipper and Vincent, 2000). The Hicksian income corresponds to the amount that can be pay out as dividend without damaging the firm (Hicks, 1939, p.176) and the definition of faithfulness means “correspondence or agreement between a measure or description and the phenomenon that it purports to present” (FASB Concepts Statement, No. 2, para. 63). The quality of the financial reporting are interesting for investment decision making. Low-quality earnings provide an incomplete allocation of resources. Also contracting of decisions based on low-quality will induce unintended wealth transfers (Schipper and Vincent, 2000). Schipper and Vincent (2000) consider four earnings quality constructs: - Time-series properties of earnings - Relations among income, accruals, and cash - Selected qualitative characteristics in the FASB’s conceptual framework - Implementation decisions Time-series properties of earnings Time-series properties of earnings include persistence, predictive...
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...triggered new laws and increased regulation in order to restore confidence in the securities market and to provide reliable and accurate information for investors. The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 was a large stepping stone in that movement and has impacted many public companies. SOX requires public companies registered with the Securities Exchange Commission to evaluate the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting and disclose this information in its financial statements. For instance, Dell Inc., a large multinational IT corporation, was one of the many large corporations affected by the implications of SOX. First, Section 404 of SOX requires Dell’s management, under the supervision of the CEO and CFO, to establish and maintain adequate internal control in accordance with the rules defined in the Securities Exchange Act. In addition to establishing the controls, they are also required to evaluate the effectiveness of the controls against the criteria established in the Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by COSO. Second, Section 409 of SOX requires management to disclose material changes in internal control, and the results or potential effects of those changes. Finally, Section 404 of SOX requires Dell’s auditing firm to evaluate management’s assessment of Dell’s internal control and to issue an opinion on the quality and accuracy of the assessment. All in all, SOX raised corporate responsibility to assess and improve internal control over financial...
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...Australian School of Business Accounting ACCT2522 MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING 1 Course Outline Semester 1, 2012 Table of Contents PART A: COURSE-SPECIFIC INFORMATION 1 1 STAFF CONTACT DETAILS 1 2 COURSE DETAILS 1 2.1 Teaching Times and Locations 2.2 Units of Credit 2.3 Summary of Course 2.4 Course Aims and Relationship to Other Courses 2.5 Student Learning Outcomes 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 LEARNING AND TEACHING ACTIVITIES 3.1 Approach to Learning and Teaching in the Course 3.2 Learning Activities and Teaching Strategies 4 4 4 ASSESSMENT 5 4.1 Formal Requirements 4.2 Assessment Details 5 5 5 COURSE RESOURCES 9 6 COURSE EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT 10 7 COURSE SCHEDULE 11 PART B: KEY POLICIES, STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES AND SUPPORT 1 1 ACADEMIC HONESTY AND PLAGIARISM 1 2 STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES AND CONDUCT 1 2.1 Workload 2.2 Attendance 2.3 General Conduct and Behaviour 2.4 Occupational Health and Safety 2.5 Keeping Informed 1 2 2 2 2 3 SPECIAL CONSIDERATION AND SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS 2 4 STUDENT RESOURCES AND SUPPORT 4 PART A: COURSE-SPECIFIC INFORMATION 1 STAFF CONTACT DETAILS Position Name Lecturer/tutor Nicole Ang Lecturer/tutor Linda Chang Tutor Mandy Cheng Tutor Kar Ming Chong Tutor Truman Mak Lecturer-inYee Shih Phua charge Tutor Kevin Teo Tutor Angela...
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...ISSUES IN ACCOUNTING EDUCATION Vol. 24, No. 1 February 2009 pp. 63–76 Assessing Information Technology General Control Risk: An Instructional Case Carolyn Strand Norman, Mark D. Payne, and Valaria P. Vendrzyk ABSTRACT: Information Technology General Controls (ITGCs), a fundamental category of internal controls, provide an overall foundation for reliance on any information produced by a system. Since the relation between ITGCs and the information produced by an organization’s various application programs is indirect, understanding how ITGCs interact and affect an auditor’s risk assessment is often challenging for students. This case helps students assess overall ITGC risk within an organization’s information systems. Students identify specific strengths and weaknesses within five ITGC areas, provide a risk assessment for each area, and then evaluate an organization’s overall level of ITGC risk within the context of an integrated audit. Keywords: internal controls; general control; ITGC; risk assessment. INTRODUCTION he Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX 2002) and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) Auditing Standard No. 5 (PCAOB 2007) require that the organization’s chief executive officer (CEO) and chief financial officer (CFO) include an assessment of the operating effectiveness of their internal control structure over financial reporting when issuing the annual report. External auditors must review management’s internal control assessment as part of an annual integrated audit...
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...Summary of information on each course/module | |Name of Course/Module |Principles of Management Accounting I | | |Course Code |BAC1054 | | |Status of Subject |Foundation | | |MQF Level/Stage |Bachelor – MQF Level 6 | | |Note : | | | |Certificate – MQF Level 3 | | | |Diploma – MQF Level 4 | | | |Bachelor – MQF Level 6 | | | |Masters – MQF Level 7 | | | |Doctoral – MQF Level 8 | ...
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...Standardization of Management Accounting Li-qun Pang Department of accounting, Jilin Business and Technology College 130062, Changchun, China pangliqun1965@126.com Abstract. In order to solve the apparent lack of standardization problem of management accounting theory, because this problem is not only restricted the management accounting application and promotion in China's enterprises, but also hindered their own theory the depth development and research efficiency. This paper describes the standardization of management accounting principles, this paper discusses the basic theory that the standardization of management accounting, Analysis of building management accounting theoretical framework the various elements and the logical relationship between them, and select the appropriate logical starting point as a starting point to build the foundation of management accounting theoretical framework. Keywords: management accounting, standardization, basic principles, basic theoretical system, theoretical framework. 1 Introduction Management accounting as one of the two branches of modern accounting, after decades of development, both in theory and practice have made some development, its important role of business management has gradually been of concern to the community, and follow-up is considered the accounting industry development. But in general, Management accounting in China there are still many problems, as opposed to the development of more sophisticated financial accounting, management...
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...ASB-3101 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Credits: 10 Contact hours: 23 Semester: 1 Pre-requisites: ASB-2104 Module organiser: Sally Sambrook Note: This module is available through the medium of Welsh (ACB-3101). Aims: To examine issues and developments in the field of contemporary human resource management (HRM). To develop an understanding of the complex issues facing human resource (HR) specialists and line managers in meeting their responsibilities for selecting, deploying, training, appraising, rewarding, relating to and retaining human resources. Learning Outcomes: On completing the module, students are expected to be able to: • Explain the contribution of the HR function to corporate strategy; • Discuss the processes of recruitment, assessment and selection; • Outline activities involved in developing human resources and facilitating learning; • Explain the link between rewards, motivation and performance; • Critically evaluate the changing employment relationship, assessing the role of trade unions and other forms of employee involvement. Module Content: • History of the HR function, theories and models of HRM; • The roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in HRM; • The changing nature of work, managing diversity, technology and flexibility; • Human resourcing: recruitment and selection, human resource planning; • Reward and performance management; • Employee relations, employment legislation...
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...Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2010) Accountancy Key concepts Accountant · Accounting period · Bookkeeping · Cash and accrual basis · Constant Item Purchasing Power Accounting · Cost of goods sold · Debits and credits · Double-entry system · Fair value accounting · FIFO & LIFO · GAAP / International Financial Reporting Standards · General ledger · Historical cost · Matching principle · Revenue recognition · Trial balance Fields of accounting Cost · Financial · Forensic · Fund · Management · Tax Financial statements Statement of Financial Position · Statement of cash flows · Statement of changes in equity · Statement of comprehensive income · Notes · MD&A · XBRL Auditing Auditor's report · Financial audit · GAAS / ISA · Internal audit · Sarbanes–Oxley Act Accounting qualifications CA · CCA · CGA · CMA · CPA · CGFM · APA This box: view · talk · edit The general definition of an audit is an evaluation of a person, organization, system, process, enterprise, project or product. The term most commonly refers to audits in accounting, but similar concepts also exist in project management, quality management, and energy conservation. Contents [hide] 1 Audits in accounting 1.1 Integrated audits 1.2 Assessments 1.3 Types of auditors 2 Quality audits 3 In Project Management 4 Energy audits 5 See also 6 References [edit]Audits in accounting Audits are performed to ascertain the validity and reliability of information; also to...
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...Information Paper OMB Circular A-123 Management’s Responsibility for Internal Controls 1. Background A. Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA) of 1982 1) A statutory requirement 2) Amended the Accounting and Auditing Act of 1950 3) Requires evaluations and reports on the adequacy of the systems of internal accounting and administrative control B. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular No. A-123 1) Provided guidance to implement the FMFIA of 1982. Guidance has evolved: 2) Circular No. A-123, Internal Control Systems, revised, dated August 4, 1986, replaced; 3) Circular No. A-123, Management Accountability and Control, revised, dated June 21, 1995, effective through 09/30/05; and 4) Circular No. A-123, Management’s Responsibility for Internal Controls, revised, dated December 21, 2004, effective on 10/01/05 2. Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA) of 1982 A. Internal accounting and administrative controls of each executive agency shall be established in accordance with standards prescribed by the Comptroller General, and shall provide reasonable assurances that: 1) Obligations and costs are in compliance with applicable law; 2) Funds, property, and other assets are safeguarded against waste, loss, unauthorized use, or misappropriation; and 3) Revenues and expenditures applicable to agency operations are properly recorded and accounted for to permit the preparation of accounts and reliable financial...
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...emphasis on financial risk assessments. The risk assessment process is needed to identify risks that need to be treated within an organization, as well as to provide strategies and methods that are most appropriate to treat these risks. Because many organizations are poorly aligned between their risk exposure and their risk appetite, it is important to engage in the risk assessment procedures. These procedures can help an organization prevent risk exposure and determine if their current operations will result in an increase or decrease of market value and owners’ wealth. As a result of the economic crisis, and the recent increase in corporate failures, organizations can now learn from the mistakes of others. This paper will discuss the mistakes that lead WorldCom, a telecom company that was once the fourth-ranked in Fortune 500, to bankruptcy in 2002, in an effort to demonstrate the importance of successful risk assessment and alignment implementation. Keywords: corporate failure, risk analysis, risk assessment, risk management, WorldCom Over the past years, and as a result of high profile firm failures, the economic crisis, and increased regulatory pressure, many organizations have placed a large emphasis on financial risk assessments. Risk assessment is the process where risk managers analyze the risks of an organization and identify risks that need to be treated (Tarantino & Cernauskas, 2011, p.47). In addition, a risk assessment provides strategies and methods...
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...Background: Introduction to Accounting Ethics. Reading Assignment: The case Summary of Sarbanes-Oxley (2nd page of this document) Pages 18-19 of the text. Assignment Questions: 1. What did Stephen Richards and other members of Computer Associates management do? 2. What impact did these actions have on financial statement users? 3. What were the motivations for these actions? 4. Do you believe the actions taken by Richards and other members of Computer Associates' management are acceptable or cross the line into unethical or illegal behavior? Provide reasons for your answer. 5. What other actions could Computer Associates have taken to achieve its financial reporting objectives. For each alternative action, assess whether you believe it is acceptable or whether it crosses the line into unethical or illegal behavior. 6. What actions can other companies take to avoid the same outcome as Computer Associates? 7. Suppose you faced the same pressure as Stephen Richards to extend the fiscal quarter. How would you respond and what would be the expected consequences? 1 The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2002) a. also known as the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002 and commonly called SOX or Sarbox; b. enacted on July 30, 2002 in response to a number of major corporate and accounting scandals including those affecting Enron, Tyco International, Adelphia, and WorldCom. c. The Act establishes a new quasi-public agency, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or...
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...REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Apollo Shoes, Inc. We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Apollo Shoes, Inc., as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and related statements for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2005. We have also audited management’s assessment including the Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, maintained by Apollo over the Financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The management of Apollo shoes is responsible for maintaining effecting internal control over financial reporting, its assessment of internal controls and for the financial statement. The responsibility of our firm is to express an opinion on the financial statements, an opinion on management’s assessment, and an opinion on the effectiveness of Apollo Shoe’s, Inc. internal controls over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). These standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether there are effective internal controls in place over financial reporting. The audit of the financial statements...
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...Curtin Business School School of Accounting Unit Outline 309875 Accounting Theory and Analysis 308 Semester 1, 2014 Unit study package number: Mode of study: Tuition pattern summary: 309875 Internal Lecture: 1 x 1.5 Hours Weekly Workshop: 1 x 1.5 Hours Weekly This unit does not have a fieldwork component. Credit Value: Pre-requisite units: Co-requisite units: Anti-requisite units: Result type: Approved incidental fees: Unit coordinator: 25.0 305229 (v.0) Advanced Financial Accounting 260 or any previous version Nil Nil Grade/Mark Information about approved incidental fees can be obtained from our website. Visit fees.curtin.edu.au/incidental_fees.cfm for details. Lisa Cullen Name: +618 9266 7567 Phone: Lisa.Cullen@curtin.edu.au Email: 407 Building: 406A - Level 4 Room: Consultation times: Tuesday 2-4pm and Thursday 12.30-2.30pm Name: Phone: Email: Building: Room: Name: Phone: Email: Building: Room: Name: Phone: Email: Building: Room: Administrative contact: Name: Phone: Email: Building: Room: Andrew Reynolds +61 8 9266 3602 A.Reynolds@curtin.edu.au 407 426 John Evans +618 9266 3156 John.Evans@curtin.edu.au 407 407 Clive Oliver +618 92667295 Clive.Oliver@curtin.edu.au 407 412 Lesley Hill +618 9266 7295 Lesley.Hill@cbs.curtin.edu.au 407 412 Teaching Staff: Learning Management System: Blackboard (lms.curtin.edu.au) 309875 Accounting Theory and Analysis 308 Bentley Campus 19 Feb 2014 School of Accounting, Curtin Business School Page: 1 of 9 CRICOS Provider...
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...contained in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Circular A-123 and the statute it implements, the Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity Act of 1982, are at the center of the existing Federal requirements to improve internal control. This circular reflects policy recommendations developed by a joint committee of representatives from the Chief Financial Officer Council (CFOC) and the President’s Council on Integrity and Efficiency (PCIE). The policy changes in this circular are intended to strengthen the requirements for conducting management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting. The circular also emphasizes the need for agencies to integrate and coordinate internal control assessments with other internal control-related activities. The revised circular is effective for FY 2006. Agencies should take steps in FY 2005 to prepare for its implementation. OMB plans to continue to work closely with the CFOC and the PCIE to provide further implementation guidance. EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT O F F I C E O F M AN AG E M E N T AN D B U D G E T W AS H I N G T O N , D . C . 2 0 5 0 3 THE DIRECTOR December 21, 2004 CIRCULAR NO. A-123...
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