Question 1
2 out of 2 points

Question 2
2 out of 2 points

Question 3
2 out of 2 points

Question 4
2 out of 2 points

Question 5
2 out of 2 points

Question 6
0 out of 2 points

Question 7
2 out of 2 points

Question 8
0 out of 2 points

Question 9
0 out of 2 points

Question 10
2 out of 2 points

Question 11
2 out of 2 points

Question 12
2 out of 2 points

Question 13
2 out of 2 points

Question 14
2 out of 2 points

Question 15
0 out of 2 points

Question 16
2 out of 2 points

Question 17
0 out of 2 points

Question 18
0 out of 2 points

Question 19
0 out of 2 points

Question 20


Question 21
2 out of 2 points

Question 22
0 out of 2 points

Question 23
0 out of 2 points

Question 24
2 out of 2 points

Question 25
0 out of 2 points

Question 26
2 out of 2 points

Question 27
0 out of 2 points

Question 28
0 out of 2 points

Question 29
0 out of 2 points

Question 30
0 out of 2 points

Question 31
0 out of 2 points

Question 32
0 out of 2 points

Question 33
0 out of 2 points

Question 34
2 out of 2 points

Question 35
2 out of 2 points

Question 36
2 out of 2 points

Question 37
2 out of 2 points

Question 38
2 out of 2 points

Question 39
2 out of 2 points

Question 40
0 out of 2 points

Question 41
2 out of 2 points

Question 42
2 out of 2 points

Question 43
2 out of 2 points

Question 44
0 out of 2 points

Question 45
2 out of 2 points

Question 46
0 out of 2 points

Question 47
2 out of 2 points

Question 48
0 out of 2 points

Question 49
2 out of 2 points

Question 50


Korsakoff's syndrome, which produces a severe memory impairment, is caused by prolonged deficiency of vitamin B-1

Research on implanted (false) memories suggest that
Repeatedly suggested that something “might have” occurred may implant or distort a memory

As opposed to a preattentive process, an attentive or “top-down” process is necessary for finding a misspelled word on a printed page, among many others spelled correctly

"Change blindness" is the phenomenon that we often fail to notice something that changes slowly.

A saccade is a voluntary eye movement

According to the encoding specificity principle, retrieval cues are best at stimulating a memory if those cues use the same auditory frequency as the theta waves in the brain.

Bonobos have shown greater progress in language development than any of the other apes in previous language-training studies. One possible explanation for their success is that their training began early in life and relied mainly on imitation.

Patient H. M. and similar patients show their best performance on which type of memory? remembering how to perform a newly learned skill

A radar operator is trying to determine whether something on the screen is a hawk or a missile. Before deciding, the operator should consider which of the two is more common. In other words, the operator should consider base-rate information

In people who learn to speak two languages, how are those languages represented in the brain?
Both languages activate the same brain areas

Transformational grammar is a system for converting a deep structure into a surface structure.

The Choice-Delay task offers a small immediate reward or a larger, delayed reward. Who is more likely than average to prefer the immediate reward?
People with attention deficit disorder

People with prefrontal cortex damage answer questions partly with wild guesses. These guesses, which are mostly out-of-date information, are called __________. confabulations. After Wilbur fell off his motorcycle, he forgot just about everything that had happened during the last hour before his accident. What kind of memory loss is this? retrograde Hindsight bias most closely resembles which of the following? false memory

According to the principle of encoding specificity, to do well on a test you should study at the same time and place as you will be tested

Movie directors discovered that they can film different parts of the same scene on different days, and most viewers would not detect that the extras (background actors) had changed clothes or appearance. Psychologists call this failure to notice such differences change blindness.

If 100 students are wearing white shirts and one student is wearing a red shirt, what causes you to notice the red shirt? a preattentive process

"The magical number seven, plus or minus two" refers to the capacity of short-term memory

How are the confabulations offered by patients with prefrontal cortex damage similar to the answers given by normal people who have learned something poorly?
When people are asked repeatedly, they replace one wrong answer with another

A client in therapy reports remembering sexual abuse from early childhood. What do psychological researchers recommend?
Withhold judgment unless other evidence supports the accusation

The hippocampus appears to be especially important for remembering details Dr. Rhea D. Zeiner wants to improve the cockpit of an airplane. She observes that a row of control gauges has needles pointing in several directions. She corrects this problem by designing gauges with their safe zones in the same direction. This is an application of what? preattentive processes

A student in one experiment is showing the Stroop effect. Which change in the usual procedure would probably stop the student from showing this effect?
Write the words in a language the student does not know.

If it is important to remember certain details from a party last night, what would help?
Return to the same location at the same time of day with the same people present.

In one study experts made predictions of U.S. and world politics over the next several years. Which type of expert made the LEAST accurate predictions?
Those who were highly confident of their predictions

According to the information-processing model of memory, human memory is most analogous to a computer

Because you remember all the times it rained right after you washed your car, you think it always rains when you wash your car. What heuristic is responsible for this judgment? availability heuristic

Participants viewed a video. Then someone asked misleading questions, such as "Did you see children get on the school bus?" (when there was no bus). What was the conclusion of this study?
Misleading questions cause many people to develop inaccurate memories

What is known about the genetics of Alzheimer's disease?
In most cases it is not linked to any identified gene

In one experiment an undergraduate spent a year and a half memorizing lists of numbers and recalling them immediately. By the end of the year, how had his memory changed, if at all?
He had improved his ability to use chunking to store more numbers in his short-term memory.

Hungarian author Laszlo Polgar devoted enormous time and effort to teach his three daughters chess. What was he attempting to demonstrate? that expertise is possible in almost anyone, given sufficient effort

Students are told that "2-4-6" is one example of a rule; they are asked to determine what the rule is. Many students assume the rule is "three consecutive even numbers" and fail to check whether 1-3-5 is also an example of the rule, or even 1-10-11. What mistake in reasoning have they made? confirmation bias

Memorizing a list of locations and using them to remember a list of names is an example of a mnemonic device

In addition to extensive practice, what else is necessary for developing expertise? feedback According to the depth-of-processing principle, you remember something better if you think about its meaning while we are storing the memory.

A repetitive procedure for testing every possible answer is _____, whereas a strategy for simplifying a problem and finding a good-enough answer is _____. an algorithm... a heuristic

Children with Williams syndrome are theoretically fascinating because many of them have good language despite low overall intelligence

"Once you learn to ride a bicycle, you never forget" pertains to __________ memory. procedural A lineup measures memory in what way? recognition In an experiment on change blindness, people typically take many seconds to notice something. When they finally do, what does their detection depend on? an attentive process

First you memorized the street map of Detroit. If you now memorize the street map of Philadelphia, you might forget the Detroit map because of retroactive interference.

Each unit of meaning in a word is called a morpheme. A GPS (global positioning system) calculates all routes from your starting place to your destination and selects the shortest. What method of problem solving is this? algorithm Bahrick’s studies on people's ability to remember a foreign language showed that memory initially declined for the first few years but then became stable

One possible explanation for infant amnesia related to encoding specificity is that the immature hippocampus is incapable of storing long-term memories

Of the following, which is NOT considered helpful for treating attention deficit disorder? walking along a busy city street

Ebbinghaus forgot materials much faster than most college students do. Why? ebbinghaus was suffering from greater proactive interference

An aspect of working memory known as executive functioning is responsible for what? shifting attention from one task to another

Fox and Crow are both thirsty. They come upon a large crock with some water in it, but cannot lift the pitcher or reach down to the water. There happens to be a bucket of baseballs nearby and Fox steps back to throw the baseballs to try to break the crock. Crow reminds him that this will only spill the water, and uses the more clever solution of dropping the baseballs into the crock to raise the water level to within reach. Fox's problem was functional fixedness