Smokers and Weight Control Stategy
Marion Thomas
PSY 325 Statistics for the Behavioral & Social Sciences
Instructor: Ioannis Papazafiropoulos
02/18/2015

Smokers and Weight Control Strategy The illusion that smoking helps with weight control was proposed by the maker of cigarettes. Once the addiction to nicotine was started the following perceived benefits to smoking was easily developed, because these are the symptoms of withdraw. Withdraw causes anxiety so smoking and feeding the addiction reduces anxiety and this enhances the females mood. Low self-esteem and addiction have been proven to be interrelated. Young females (18-24) that are more image concerned than older woman are the sample that is drawn from. The following research is biased because of the age of the population that is sampled. Experimental research is a random selection of participants so this research is non-experimental in nature. The research does demonstrate how replacing one habit with a comparable better habit changes perception and this is the key to change. T-test are valuable tools of statistical data and interpretation of this data and its relevance can be interpreted differently. . Physical activity and body image strategy is a viable alternative to help young woman reduce the chances of becoming addicted to bad habits like smoking This study compares responses from body image manipulation and the urge to smoke. The statistics comes from; Nair, U. S., Collins, B. N., & Napolitano, M. A. (2013). Differential effects of a body image exposure session on smoking urge between physically active and sedentary female smokers. (pg.323) states the following: “The purpose of this study was to assess effects of physical activity versus sedentary behavior on smoking urge response following a body image challenge with weight-concerned female smokers. The primary hypothesis was that after the body image manipulation, sedentary smokers would demonstrate greater self reported urge to smoke and a shorter latency to first puff on a posttest cigarette compared with physically active smokers.” The dependent variables include nicotine dependence, withdrawal, and weight concerns. Independent variable is whether they received body image exposure. The inferential statistics shows a sampling error. The 37 females age 18-24 does not represent the population very well. The one-tailed t-test makes a prediction about how the first group differs from the second. The proper steps of hypothesis testing were followed for one-tailed t-test. The questions the authors are trying to answer are as follows in part; Is physical activity a good method to build self-esteem so the illusion of smoking being a weight control alternative proven a myth? How important is body image compared to urge to smoke? Will the amount of physical activity influence reduction of urge to smoke? Which is most influencial dependent variables or independent variables. The hypothesis being tested that physical activity and body image exposure is a viable healthy alternative to the negatives of smoking. The concepts are valid because physical activities increase the production of dopamine’s in the brain, which is what happens when an addicts gives the body the drug it is in withdraw from. The article lacked important information about the relationship between dopamine’s and exercise as well as sex. It is proven that what makes an addict is the amount of dopamine’s produced by certain drugs and activities and the differences in the amount produced in different individuals. Self-esteem is a major motivational tool in all changes. The before and after body image strategy questionnaires was the proper technique for validating the hypothesis. The above research is biased because of the age of the population that is sampled. Experimental research is a random selection of participants so this research is non-experimental in nature. The research does demonstrate how replacing one habit with a comparable better habit changes perception and this is the key to change. T-test are valuable tools of statistical data and interpretation of this data and its relevance can be interpreted differently. Physical activity and body image strategy is a viable alternative to help young woman reduce the chances of becoming addicted to bad habits like smoking. . References Nair, U. S., Collins, B. N., & Napolitano, M. A. (2013). Differential effects of a body image exposure session on smoking urge between physically active and sedentary female smokers. Psychology Of Addictive Behaviors, 27(1), 322-327. doi:10.1037/a0031367 Tanner, D. (2011). Statistics for the Behavioral & Social Sciences. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.