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Psychodynamic Theory

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In the chapter, the book talks about personality and the theory of research and assessment. Personality is something that is consistent and durable over time and in different situations, its traits we apply to personality. Psychodynamic theory includes all the diverse theories descended from the work of Sigmund Freud, which focus on unconscious mental forces. The structure of personality starts with id. ID is the primitive instinctive component of personality that operates according to the pleasure principle. Pleasure principle demands immediate gratification of its urges. The ego is the decision-making component of personality that operates according to the reality principle. Reality principle which seeks to delay gratification of the id urges …show more content…
(496) Alder individual psychology strived for superiority as a universal drive to adapt, improve oneself, and master life challenges. Compensation involves efforts to overcome imagined or real inferiorities by developing one’s abilities. (pg497) The book talks about behavioral perspective or behaviorism a theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior. Reciprocal determinism is the idea that internal mental events, external environmental events, and overt behavior all influence one another. Observational learning occurs when an organism responding influence by the observation of others who are called models. A model is a person who behavior is observed by another. (pg451) Self-efficacy refers to one’s belief about one’s ability to perform behaviors that should lead to expected outcomes. Humanism is a theoretical orientation that emphasize the unique qualities of humans especially their freedom and their potential for personal growth. (pg 452) Rogers person centered theory deals with self-concept is a collection of beliefs about one own nature, unique qualities, and typical

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