...pharmacological, psychological are used to treat various psychological disease. In other words peoples use drugs to fight against psychological problems considering that connection between physical and mental state is significant. Drugs for the treatment of mental disease and psychological disorders firstly appear in 1950s in the form of iproniazid. It was created in the early 50’s in the United States. The main purpose of this drug was to increase the effectiveness of treatment of tuberculosis with antibiotics. As side effects doctors observed hyperactivity and mood improvement of the patients....
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...The Causes and Effects of Drug Abuse The fact that drugs have become a problem in our society is no secret. It seems that although everyone knows the consequences or drug abuse, some people still seem to think they are immune to these effects, or that they will be able to stop drug use after trying it just one time. Although it is true that some are lucky enough to quit after just one time, it is also true that even trying drugs one time causes dependence and a life full of torment and hell. To the observer, it might be questioned why one person will abuse drugs to the point of losing his or her job, home, and family, while another seems to have none of these problems. In this essay, I will discuss these affects, as well as their causes, that we see in a variety of drug users. Drug abuse and addiction each have no single cause. However, there are a number of risk factors that increase a person’s odds of developing a chemical abuse or dependency disorder. These can include different psychological issues, such as depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Additionally, people can turn to drugs to get relief from physical/mental pain or to deal with stress and loneliness they may be facing. Drugs seem to provide an “escape” from any sort of discomfort a person may be having, whether it be that physical, social, or psychological. However, the escape that a person experiences is brief, and unfortunately causes many harmful effects as it gradually takes over the abuser’s life...
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...Drug Abuse and its Psychological Effects Jessica Cadett University of Phoenix Abstract Substance abuse causes substance dependence that of which is a group of psychological and physical symptoms which causes addicts and drug abusers to use drugs and other substances compulsively in order to self-medicate. However, because an abuser takes high amounts of drugs daily, they tend to need larger amounts of drugs in order for an addict to receive a decent euphoric feeling from a drug. Withdrawal symptoms are psychological, as well as physical, causing person’s with drug abuse issues to feel the need of drugs in order to live or function, as well as feeling the need of drugs to help subside physical pain, sleeplessness, low energy levels, and stomach virus symptoms. These psychological symptoms are caused by the chemical chain reactions and chemical imbalances within the human brain. Drug abuse, especially a large amount of drug abuse, causes drug abusers to risk attaining addiction, as well as causing many psychological issues and physical issues within their life. Some people who do not understand addiction and drug abuse do not always realize that abusing drugs is not merely a way of life, but instead it is simply a serious health condition usually generated through genetic DNA or because of a physiological chemical imbalance from long-term drug use. Drug Abuse and its Psychological Effects For many years, drugs have become a huge epidemic throughout the world, affecting...
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...trending substance began to take on an emerging effect in the U.S. and Europe populations at the end of the last decade. Synthetic cathinones are usually in the form of a white or brown crystalline powder that comes packaged in plastic or foil. “Not for human consumption” is the most common label that can be found on the outside of the package, but others may be labeled as “plant food,” “jewelry cleaner,” or “phone screen cleaner.” The pathological impacts and psychological impacts of this newly emerging drug are very closely related in the way that some of the effects could be caused psychologically and pathologically. In regards to pathological impacts it is referring to the effects on how this synthetic drug affects the user. the Specific impacts the individual could experience be rapid heart palpitations, chest pains, sexual stimulation, excessive energy, nausea, and elevated blood pressure. In more extreme cases, reporters have indicated intense aggressiveness and psychotic behavior with amplified psychical force. Just like the pathological effects, the psychological effects of bath salts also vary from a large list. Psychological effects are those effects that relate and affect the mind of the individual. The main ones that have been reported by users are euphoria, hallucinations, anxiety, insomnia, paranoia, and the reoccurring feeling to re-dose. The reoccurring feeling of re-dose consumptions can relate to the term psychological dependence that was discussed in our textbook...
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...Marijuana has become one of the most widely used drugs in the United States. Marijuana has many different effects, which result from using the drug. Effect means how a person reacts to the drug. Marijuana is a mild hallucinogenic drug, which is used for individual pleasure or medical treatment. The effects can be physical, psychological, and/or medicinal. Many physical effects result from smoking marijuana. The most common effects from the use of marijuana are an accelerated heart rate and a reddening of the eyes. Evidence has proven that marijuana not only increases heart rate but also temporarily weakens heart muscle contractions. The drug also impairs a persons judgment and coordination. Therefore, it is very dangerous to operate a motor vehicle under the influence of marijuana. Some long-term effects of marijuana are coughing and chest pains. Sometimes these respiratory problems develop into bronchitis. Among males, prolonged use of marijuana reduces the production of sperm and of the male sex hormone testosterone. Among females, it may cause menstrual irregularity and reduced fertility. There are also many psychological effects associated with marijuana. The psychological reaction consists of alterations in the users feelings and thoughts. For many marijuana users, a feeling of pleasant euphoria and well-being is established. It is very common for the drug to produce time distortion in the user. The user usually feels like hours have passed when, in actuality, only a few...
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...A drug is any chemical substance which when taken into the body was psychological and physioligical effects. Generally drugs are prescribed for medical purposes to alleviate pain or to cure illness. However here are some substances which when introduced into the body also cause psychological and physiological effects that are not curative. Indiscrimanate use of drugs with no regard to their side effects is called drug abuse, commonly abused drugs include khat, nicotine, bhang and alcohol. Prolonged abuse of drugs can cause addiction. Drug abuse is rife in many countries. Billions of dollars are spent internationally preventing drug use, treating addicts, and fighting drug-related crime. Although drugs threaten many societies, their effects can also be combated successfully.This essay looks at some of the effects of drug use on society, and suggests some solutions to the problem. Drug abuse causes multiple problems for countries and communities.The medical and psychological effects are very obvious.Addicts cannot function as normal members of society. They neglect or abuse their families, and eventually require expensive treatment or hospitalization. The second effect is on crime.Huge police resources are needed to fight smuggling and dealing. Criminal gangs and mafia underworlds develop with the money from drugs. However, the menace of drugs can be fought.Education is the first battle.Children need to be told at home and in school about drugs. People need to be aware of the...
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...whether marijuana is a source of medicine or whether it’s a gateway drug. This question may never truly be solved but there have been valid arguments for both sides. I would like to delve in on the topic by analyzing what the effects of marijuana are, what the positive and negative aspects of the drug are, and whether or not cannabis should be illegal. The first topic I would like to discuss is what the effects of marijuana are when it is used. The article Marijuana in Medicine: Past, Present and Future in the Western Journal of Medicine wrote about an experiment where marijuana was tested on animals. One reason why they found a lot of variability of reactions among the animals tested was because: “different batches of cannabis derivatives vary greatly in strength” (36). They go on to explain “there is a wide variation among humans in their individual responses to cannabis” (36). This brings light to a very important effect of marijuana, which is that it varies in strength from batch to batch. This is important to know when using the drug because it can affect people very differently based on the strength of the drug. Another effect of marijuana discussed by the Western Journal of Medicine is that cannabis “mildly stimulates, and then sedates the higher centers of the brain” (36). The article continues on to say that “this condition is probably associated with the other well-known symptom produced by the drug, namely, the prolongation of time”. This is essentially saying that...
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...Introduction Marijuana is a psychoactive drug made from the dried leaves and flowering parts of the hem plant (Dudley, 1999). Marijuana contains an active ingredient, tetrahydrocannabinol, known as THC. It is one of the most strictly classified illegal drugs in the United States. Marijuana is a schedule I substance. Schedule I means that marijuana has a high potential for abuse. It is illegal to buy, sell, grow, or possess marijuana in the United States. Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States. Marijuana is derived from the plant Cannabis. War on Drugs Marijuana prohibition comprises a large part of the federal government’s War on Drug’s. Law enforcement officials made 600,000 marijuana-related arrests in 1995 (Gerdes, 2002). The criminal prohibition of marijuana, this represents an extraordinary degree of government intrusion into the private, personal lives of those adults who choose to use it. People convicted of marijuana offenses face penalties ranging from probation to life imprisonment, plus fines and forfeiture of property. The government spends millions of dollars annually on preventative programs such as Dare Abuse Resistance Education (DARE), in which local police officers visit schools to teach young people to refrain from trying marijuana and other drugs. Marijuana Medical Uses Despite federal laws prohibiting marijuana in 1996, California and Arizona passed state initiatives legalizing marijuana for medical use by patients...
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...legal? No. Are these drugs still circulated and used in our society? Yes: “40 per cent of Canadians having used it (marijuana) at least once in their lifetime. [1]” The war against illegal drugs has been a long and vigorous battle. Rather than fighting the use of cannabis head on, our government should approach this in a different manner. Canada should legalize marijuana use because this allows the government to regulate the distribution and quality of the cannabis. Marijuana should be legalized because the overall distributed quality of the drug can be controlled more efficiently. Buying ‘weed’ from the street can lead to low-quailty marijuana consumption. Most drug dealers pay more attention to profits rather than quality. In some cases, Marijuana bought illegally is ‘laced’ with chemicals: “ the act of adding one or more substances to another” [3]. This allows dealers to...
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...look at the harmful effects these drugs have on the body. Steroids are extremely damaging physically and psychologically. There are multiple ways in which a human can experience long and short-term effects from the use of these horrible drugs. The most common effects include diseases and severe brain problems. While HGH and Anabolic steroids are a serious concern for sports, it is a more prominent problem in baseball, but the frightening part people fail to recognize, is that the drugs cause life-threatening problems. Steroids were invented by “A doctor by the name of Dr. Ruzicka, who in the early 1930’s created it for medical purposes, essentially to fight conditions like cancer and AIDS” (Steroids in Sports).The drugs are mainly byproducts of the male hormone called testosterone. When a person takes steroids, they are putting extra testosterone into their body. Excessive testosterone eventually leads to rapid muscle growth. As humans use steroids, they can be faced with horrible health problems such as “high blood pressure, HIV/AIDS (when taken with shared needles), fluid retention, depression, anxiety, mania, low sperm production, and over-exertion” (Steroids in Sports). Additional effects include development of breasts in men, growth of facial and chest hair in women, faded testicles, pattern baldness, and increase risk of prostate cancer. In addition, steroids can bring about psychological consequences. Several of the many psychological side effects include “edginess...
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...Literature Review Paper Mitchell Adair Advanced General Psychology PSY492 A01 Argosy University 1 Each class of drugs has a property that is very distinguishing, and drugs that are within each class more than often produces effects that are similar. However, all substances that are controlled, despite of their class, share quite a few number of features that are common. This introduction will familiarize you with these features that are shared as well as define them in terms that are associated frequently with these drugs. All substances that are controlled have abuse that is potential or are precursors that are immediate when it comes to abuse that is potential. With the exception of anabolic steroids, substances that are controlled are abused when it comes to mood altering, feeling, and thought through their actions on the CNS or central nervous system, which is the brain and spinal cord. Some of these drugs are relievers of pain, depression as well as anxiety. Some are energizers and some are inducers of sleep. Even though some substances that are controlled are useful therapeutically, the effects that considered to be “feel good” of these drugs will more than likely prove to be primary contributors when it comes to their abuse. The extent to which ...
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...Drug Addiction Drug abuse is rife in many countries. Billions of dollars are spent internationally preventing drug use, treating addicts, and fighting drug-related crime. Although drugs threaten many societies, their effects can also be combated successfully. This essay looks at some of the effects of drug use on society, and suggests some solutions to the problem. Drug abuse causes multiple problems for countries and communities. The medical and psychological effects are very obvious. Addicts cannot function as normal members of society. They neglect or abuse their families, and eventually require expensive treatment or hospitalization. The second effect is on crime. Huge police resources are needed to fight smuggling and dealing. Criminal gangs and mafia underworlds develop with the money from drugs. However, the menace of drugs can be fought. Education is the first battle. Children need to be told at home and in school about drugs. People need to be aware of the effects so that they can avoid this problem. A second approach is to increase police manpower and create effective laws to stop dealers. However the main target should be the user: Families and counsellors need to talk to children and people at risk. Parents need to look at their children and help them to become responsible. Worthwhile jobs and housing are also needed to give people a role in society. In conclusion, although the problem of drugs may seem impossible to eliminate, there are concrete...
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...Research Questions Questions from Drug addicts: 1) How often did you fail to meet responsibilities (educational, professional or social) because you were too busy trying to get the substance or were under its influence? 2) How often did you try but fail to stop using it? 3) Did you try to stop using it then felt withdrawal symptoms? 4) How often did you need to use more of it than you had previously to feel its effects? Questions from Psychologist: 1) What kind of treatments do you use and how do they work 2) How do you judge if the patient is getting better? What do you do if there are no signs of progress? 3) How will family members be prepared when the patient returns home? 4) How do you treat anxiety, mood disorders and other psychological problems? Family and friends 1) What was your first reaction when you found out about your son taking drugs? 2) How have you cooperated to help him recover? (Make up answers for these questions and include them in the analysis. Use the 4 articles of the literature review to write the analysis and answers) Research Tools: Field Research: We approached various people in different settings to determine the factors that prevail in society which may be encouraging drug addicts and preventing them from recovering. We visited schools and universities and observed the scenarios there. Usually it was seen that since universities had lenient control on students and did not monitor their students as strictly as they...
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...and understandings of adolescents, most of which are not as directly related to chronological age (Santrock, 2001). Adolescents are a very special population because these are often the years in which childhood and adulthood become blurred, roles, expectations and needs change, as well as significant physical and psychological growth. As we also know, experimentation is often characteristic of adolescence and this experimentation can be physical, sexual or philosophical; all of which may possibly lead to drug use. This paper seeks to examine the question of whether or not drug abuse is related to psychosis in adolescents. Literature Review Adolescent Drug Use According to a national study in 2006, over 60 percent of reported that drugs were used, kept and sold on their school campuses on a regular basis. These drugs included popular illicit drugs such as marijuana and Ecstasy as well cocaine and prescription drugs (Eaton, 2006). While many people appear hopeful at the minor decrease in use of illicit drugs by adolescents in recent years, many fail to recognize the corresponding increase in teens using and abusing prescription drugs. Prescription drugs have become increasingly popular with...
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...PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT Psychological Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect Freddy Cabrera General Psychology 1012 4 April 2012 Florida National College Abstract Child abuse and neglect is a growing issue that threatens the health of its victims not only physically but psychologically as well. Some of these psychological effects include difficulties during infancy, poor mental and emotional health, cognitive difficulties, and social difficulties. Psychological Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect The year is 2012 and in this day in age, society is still faced with issues such as child abuse and neglect. “An estimated 905,000 children were victims of child abuse or neglect in 2006” (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). Child abuse and neglect is a growing dilemma not only in the United States but also worldwide. Child abuse and neglect is an issue that must be studied to see the significant effects it has on its victims. These effects can be great, the most prominent being physical, psychological, and societal consequences. The following will focus on the psychological effects, and these can be summarized with difficulties during infancy, poor mental and emotional health, cognitive difficulties, and social difficulties. When taking a look at child abuse and neglect one must start at the earliest point in which such can occur. This first point is infancy. During infancy, the child is most vulnerable due to its dependency on the mother...
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