...We all have a say in what goes on and so we are part of the reason these topics are even a concern. They all range from gun control and qualifications for receiving government benefits to legalizing marijuana and abortions. We all have our own opinions and view on these topics and we express them in many ways. So could this be one of the reasons there are people killing and using violence as an answer to these problems? Growing up we were taught violence isn’t the answer and yet there is so much of it in the world. Guns can be bought and sold and the government would never know who has what. I feel that if someone is going to buy a gun they should have to go through a store and not only have a background check done but also a psychological evaluation done. Would this stop the violence? No but it would help eliminate any chances of a mentally ill person buying a gun and shooting a ton of people for no specific reason. I support our rights but if our rights are endangered by crazy people with guns we need to set guide lines on how to help prevent more deaths. Background checks are being done for a person to buy a gun from a store like Wal-Mart; I feel that DHS should also give them. There is so much on how the U.S. is so rich but yet we are so far in debt with other countries. Well its simple don’t be giving the money out like its candy. If people file for SSI, unemployment, or even food stamps they should have a background check ran to see if they have a history with drugs and...
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...The textbook explains that there really isn't one wrong or right theoretical perspective, but I feel that the biopsychosocial perspective is explained best. To understand psychology and human behavior, including abnormal behavior, there needs to be a combination of three factors. The three factors are biological, psychological and sociocultural factors. The textbook also makes clear that the biopsychosocial perspective "brings a much needed interactionist focus to the study of abnormal behavior by considering the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors" (Nevid, Rathus, Greene 69) and also "holds the view that with few exceptions, psychological disorders or other patterns of abnormal behavior are complex phenomena arising...
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...OCR A2 Psychology Unit G544 Part B Approaches, Perspectives, METHODS, ISSUES AND DEBATES IN psychology Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................. Perspectives Learning Objectives ...................................................................................................... Behaviourist Perspective Definition ............................................................................................................ Assumptions ........................................................................................................ Ivan Pavlov ‘Pavlovian Conditioning’ ................................................................ Watson & Raynor ‘Little Albert’ Experiment ..................................................... B.F. Skinner ‘Operant Conditioning’ ................................................................... Strengths and Weaknesses ................................................................................... Psychodynamic Perspective Definition ............................................................................................................. Freud’s Tripartite Theory of Personality ................................................... Assumptions ......................................................................................................... Freud’s Psychosexual Stages...
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...Influences within Public Programs Paper Introduction There is a growing epidemic of domestic violence for women and their spouses or significant others that have been a debated issue for decades, one out of every ten women are reporting domestic violence incidents, from urban decay communities across the nation yearly. The minimalist versus maximalist theory’s has been the primary discussion for victimization in criminology where one perspective decides to look at more variations for the violence, and the other takes the crimes to the necessary degree to provide of government legislatures (NCVC, 2010). With today’s society modernized through time, Americans understand the existing problems of sexual exploitation and violence that is an ineluctable dilemma in society. The cases of domestic violence increase to more than fifty thousand lives which are from violent episode reports. Many victims are in urban communities that have subsidized housing that endure the abuse of their significant other to avoid being evicted if the landlord is alerted of any disturbances involving the tenant. This is a requirement of the public housing assistance program that women receive with low income called Section 8. These women fear reporting the violence against them because there are not many places to go, so they stay and, endure the domestic violence. For the women who do have the strength and courage to report these crimes they are forced to search for refuge in local homeless...
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...References 11 Abstract The utilisation of psychological concepts has been extended in many fields in seeking to enhance understanding of human behaviours. Forensic psychology is one of the various psychological filed which have developed out of the necessity to apply psychology in different fields. This article discusses the element of forensic psychology in relation to the various issues arising within the field. A discussion of the various issues highlights ethical aspects as the main causes of many challenges faced in the field. The complexity of the setting under which the psychological practice is conducted makes the topic become one of the interesting psychological segments that can be studied. Introduction Forensic psychology can be defined as the utilisation of psychological concepts, skills, and insights in seeking to enhance the understanding of various elements of legal and criminal justice systems. Within the context of the subject various psychological and legal aspects become combined in seeking to understand the functioning and operations of criminal systems (Davies & Beech, 2012). This approach to criminal justice involves various activities involved in the delivery of justice, ranging from the enforcement to treatment of suspects and law breakers. The fundamental elements of forensic psychology revolve around a combination of various aspects of the justice system and psychological aspects. The psychological aspects of forensic psychology is focused on...
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...Introduction to Psychological Testing Andrea K. Clark 06/15/2015 PSY/475 Introduction to Psychological Testing The goal of this paper is the summarization of key suppositions and basic questions related to psychological testing. A definition of the term ‘test’ shall be provided, as well as explanations of the main test types and identification of the chief users and usages of these tests. Additionally, there shall be a discussion of a comparison and contrast of reliability and validity beliefs and how they influence psychological testing. Definition of Test The definition of a test is “a critical examination, observation, or evaluation” that generates information (Merriam-Webster, Inc., 2015). Tests are utilized to identify, characterize or measure an individual’s or group’s knowledge, intellect, skills, capabilities or aptitudes. In the psychological fields, tests are assessment tools that standardize these characterizations, measurements, and identifications. Psychological tests are “a systematic procedure for observing behavior and describing it with the aid of numerical scales or fixed categories” (Hogan, 2007, p. 39). Main Test Types, Chief Usages, and Users According to Hogan (2007), “we classify tests into five major categories: mental ability, achievement, personality, interests, and neuropsychological tests, with several subdivisions within some of the major categories” (p. 41). There are also different test classification methods: standardized, non-standardized...
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...PERSONALITY EVALUATION CRITERIA AND TECHNIQUES Introduction 1. Personality is something that we informally evaluate and describe every day. When we talk about ourselves and others, we frequently refer to different characteristics of an individual's personality. Psychologists do the same thing when they evaluate personality, but on a much more systematic and scientific level. Personality testing refers to those techniques that are used accurately and consistently to measure personality. 2. Humans are precious asset for any organization. Recruitment and selection is costly effort in terms of money and time. Personality of employees effects their roles and responsibilities in the organization. The personality pattern has great influence on their work attitude. Evaluations of personality provide a measure of how an individual works with his colleagues, how he approaches towards tasks and change, how he communicates and how he deals with pressures. Differences between people in their behavior and mental approach make them more or less effective in different jobs. For instance, an outgoing person will tend to be more successful in a job that requires frequent interaction with other people. On the other hand, a less outgoing person tends to be more successful in a job that primarily involves independent work. Almost, all organization uses personality evaluations to match an individual’s skills to the job requirements or to find an organization fit person. Such evaluations identified...
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...rape cases among other forms of violence necessitates the need for analyzing the roles of a correctional psychologist. The special roles played by the correctional psychologists such as providing environments that improve the safety of the staff and inmates, psychological services, inmate management, and conducting an evaluation of the inmate/prison population and its influence on inmates’ health necessitated the study into the topic. In addition, the fact that the correctional psychology has numerous ethical dilemmas and conflicts makes it wanting to study the topic. Introduction Today, corrections are a complex, high profile operation, which consumes a significant portion of the federal operating budget. This paper will concentrate on the duties of a correctional psychologist. The paper begins with an overview of legal issues pertinent to psychological concepts and legal rights of inmates. We then examine the practice of forensic psychology in the correctional environment. Legal issues This section describes the common legal issues facing psychologists working in correctional facilities. The issues have been organized around the principles of American Psychological Association (APA) ethics code. Correctional psychologists see the criminal as a customer. In whichever scenario, the level of confidentiality that a customer anticipates in a psychologist is smaller than that found in the community due to the safety and security...
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...Ashley Byrne | The Behavioral Perspective: How music influences behavior This perspective views behavior (except for genetically determined behavior) as the result of environmental experience! Environmental experience (also called learning) is the sum total of all life experiences that the individual has been subjected to in the past and to the new experiences that will impinge on his or her behavior. For the behavioral perspective the emphasis is on factors in the environment that influence behavior, in this discussion such a factor to be examined will be music. The behavioral perspective is still very influential to this day and is responses from pleasurable consequences. Classical and operant conditioning are learned through the behavioral perspective. I have chosen this perspective because it's fascinating to know how much we learn and reinforce the behavior we are exposed to. Through experience, I hope to gain a better understanding of the musical effect on human behavior through the behavioral perspective First to be discussed in order to fully understand the behavioral perspective, the background and foundation of the perspective must be overviewed. The following major founders or those who had a major impact on the behavioral perspective and behaviorism in general are: Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) in The Conditional Reflex, J.B. Watson (1878-1958) in The Founding of Behaviorism, Thorndike (1874-1949) in The Law of Effect, and lastly B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) in...
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...Social Sciences | | |PSY/490 | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Professor Susan Ellis, Ph.D. susanelliss@email.phoenix.edu (University of Phoenix) susanellis@agreatday.net (Personal) Course Description This is the capstone course for undergraduate psychology students. The course provides students with the opportunity to integrate and apply learning from their psychology program of study in a comprehensive manner. Students will also assess the impact of their educational experiences on their ethical perspectives and critical thinking skills. Students will reflect on and evaluate their personal and professional growth, the benefits of lifelong learning, and the impact of these elements on their future. Policies Students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities...
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...Abnormal Unit 3 Notes – Assessment and Diagnosis Term | Info | Intro | * Clinical Assessment - the process of gathering information about a person and his or her environment to make decisions about the nature, status, and treatment of psychological problems * Typically begins with a set of Referral Questions developed in response to a request for help * Determine the goals of the assessment and select appropriate psych tests or measures | Goals of Assessment | * What procedures and instruments to use – age, med condition, and symptoms influence tools – psychologist’s theoretical perspective also affects scope. * Integrate findings to develop preliminary answers – shares this – process sometimes has therapeutic effect – feedback | Screening | * Screening - an assessment process that attempts to identify psychological problems or predict the risk of future problems among people who are not referred for clinical assessment * All members of group are given a brief measure for which some identified cutoff score indicates the possibility of significant problems, e.g. Centre for Epidemiological Studies-D (CES-D) – possibility of depression. * General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) – broad-based – indicates if more thorough evaluation is needed. * AUDIT test – 10-item screen to identify substance abuse * To evaluate usefulness of screening, they must have: * Sensitivity – ability of the screener/instrument to identify a problem that actually exists. * Specificity...
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...and how people grow and develop. It requires you to reflect on the importance of a variety of factors and major life events on the development of individuals, and to consider the nature-nurture debate. The unit also allows you to gain an insight into the ageing process and to understand both positive and negative perspectives on ageing. Learning Outcomes On completion of this unit you should: 1. Understand human growth and development through the life stages 2. Understand how life factors and events may influence the development of the individual 3. Understand physical changes and psychological perspectives in relation to ageing HOW THIS UNIT WILL BE ASSESSED To reach Pass level, the evidence must show that the learner is able to: P1 describe physical, intellectual, emotional and social development through the life stages P2 describe the potential influence of five (5) life factors on the development of individuals P3 describe the influence of two predictable and two unpredictable major Life events on the development of the individual P4 describe two (2) theories of ageing P5 describe physical and psychological changes caused by the ageing process To reach Merit level, the evidence must show that, in addition to the...
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...I. Situation Analysis This case is about a problem identification and solution of the Millennium Insurance Company. It’s a mid-sized insurance company with 10,000 employees and about 1.8 million customers. It offers various lines of insurance. For example: life, property and casualty and health. The biggest ratio of the revenue is generated by selling insurances and as well from a substantial mortgage business. The company is performing well, but there some problems in the IT-department. Many employees in the line business divisions as well as lower-level analysts have bought and used various PC’s and software. This happened without support of the IT department. When end-users contacted the IT-department they were unconfident, because they didn’t get help of them. The staff of the IT-department were focused on mainframe computing and operational systems and not about the PC’s and the software’s. This led to a high amount of complaints of the line business units about the unresponsiveness and the incompetence of the IT-department. So the senior vice president ‘John Cheng’ wanted to change this situation. He and senior managers developed a one year plan. This plan is structured in a three step approach: PC Research and Development Knowledge Management End User Education and Support The focus in this essay is on the end-user education and support strategy. The key manager is Elise Smart. She is 32 years old and was the senior manager in the development group of the IT...
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...hinges on what exactly is meant by "abnormal". * There has traditionally been a divide between psychological and biological explanations, reflecting a philosophical dualism in regards to the mind body problem. * There have also been different approaches in trying to classify mental disorders. * Abnormal includes three different categories, they are: * subnormal * supernormal * paranormal * The science of abnormal psychology studies two types of behaviors: * Adaptive behavior * Maladaptive behavior * Clinical psychology is the applied field of psychology that seeks to assess, understand and treat psychological conditions in clinical practice. * The theoretical field known as 'abnormal psychology' may form a backdrop to such work, but clinical psychologists in the current field are unlikely to use the term 'abnormal' in reference to their practice. * Psychopathology is a similar term to abnormal psychology but has more of an implication of an underlying pathology, and as such is a term more commonly used in the medical specialty known as psychiatry. * There have been three main approaches to abnormal behavior: * Supernatural * Biological * Psychological traditions * Abnormal psychology revolves around two major paradigms for explaining mental disorders, the psychological paradigm and the biological paradigm. * There are recent concepts of abnormality: *...
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... What Are The Historical Perspectives In Psychology? In this Psychology 101 article, we ask what are the historical perspectives in psychology? Now, this question provokes a thesis on its own, but here we evaluate specific times of extraordinary turning points leading to where we are today. We are all psychologists in our own right. We have the innate ability to draw conclusions by watching the behaviours of others. So, where, whom and what legitimizes psychology as a science and how did we arrive there? It is through history, that we have built and drawn from our own evaluations as a species. So, what is psychology? Psychology Definition As this is a psychology 101 based article, as always, we will start by providing a ‘working definition’ of psychology as a term: ‘Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behaviour of humans and animals.’ Psychologists concentrate on what is observable and measurable in a person’s behaviour. This includes the biological processes in the body, although, the mind is central to the subject. ψ - This is the Greek letter pronounced as 'Sigh' and spelled as 'Psi'. It is now used as the International symbol of Psychology. Psychologists think it is important to be scientific in their study. This is to avoid confused thinking. What Is Psychology? We have covered the centralised theme around psychology with the above definition. But in order to understand the historical perspectives, we need to ask what is psychology...
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