...Psyche Following the American Psychological Guidelines Name: Institution: Introduction National psychology refers to the idiosyncratic emotional character of specific states, cultural groups or immigrates. It is a common assumption that diverse cultural parties or individuals habiting a specific state, are commonly characterized by a unique mixture of human attitudes, principles, virtues and emotions. National psychology plays various imperative roles in the development of a country. For instance, from a political dimension, politicians will appeal to people using common national identity such as the “ Russian people.” Media may refer to tools that are required to store and deliver information in form of processed data to people. There are various types of media known to man. However, this paper focusses on the various means of communication that include televisions, newspapers, radios and magazines. This forms of communication are widely known for their ability to influence people’s views and opinions. Media plays a vital role in the influence of national psychology. The influence of media on national psychology has been under scrutiny for several years. Studies show that media can indeed affect psychology of an individual directly or indirectly. There are several theories that have been postulated to support this notion. One of the theories is media psychology. “Theories of psychology have been formed from synthesis of philosophy and physiology.( Luskin, 2010). Media psychologists...
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...that were involved either directly or indirectly were in debt and owed a lot of money. The other impact of the trench war was the fact that male dominance stopped being common and the patriarch ideals were also done away with as they become infamous. Male dominance became less famous as they had no careers after the war. Most of them could not get careers after the war as they had joined the army at a young age. The war had a great impact on the art especially the Russian revolution. Artist got new ideas and the themes of their paintings become one sided, most of the arts had revolution inspire themes. At this time, a group of artists emerged a good example of the groups was the Association of Russian Revolutionary Artist (ARRA). The ARRA got their themes from the Russian revolution. Sculptures and painting were created all showing the impact of the Russian revolution. For example, Lanser, an artist decorated the Moscow Railway station with paintings that demonstrated the work of the soviet construction. The Russian revolution can be said to have had a great impact on the arts as t gave the artist inspirations on their works. Breton defined surrealist as spiritual automatism in its most pure state that one wishes to express in a verbal or written way. He also defined surrealist as a definite implementation of thought. Breton further stated that surrealist is the all-powerfulness of ones dreams. This form of art...
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...An introduction to Russian: History, culture, and psychotherapy. Elms College Maxim M. Arbuzov Spring 2012 Abstract: On March 15, 2012, I landed in Vladivostok, Russia. I was amazed by the diversity and fast growth of the city since my last visit in 2006. Everything has changed the population has quickly grown, and people from around the world are visiting this place that is economically expanding. I seen family, friends, and professionals, which all knew my academic intentions. I talked a lot about social work and counseling, and more specifically: what would they do in times of crisis? Would they seek help? Where? I interviewed a few people of different age brackets, and they all had the same thing to say, for some odd reason; grab a bottle, head over to your best friends house, that is our therapy session. From this I became very interested in one underdeveloped and not heavily researched topic: psychotherapy and counseling in Russia. Introduction It is rather difficult to understand the status of psychotherapy in Russia nowadays, without background information on its history and culture. Russia among other nations has a long history of war and revolutions, which impacted every sphere of life for their populations. Different nations fell under the umbrella of the former “Soviet Union”, which is why Russia is such an interesting country to study because of the vast diversity. Along with diversity the most interesting part researching Russian Psychotherapy is that...
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...In the early twentieth century a new movement in the field of Psychology was being felt in educational research — behaviorism. This is a theory proposed by J. B. Watson and based on the works of Pavlov and Bekhterev, two Russian psychologists who developed an animal training model known as stimulus-response (Classical Conditioning). In the early twentieth century a new movement in the field of Psychology was being felt in educational research — behaviorism. This is a theory proposed by J. B. Watson and based on the works of Pavlov and Bekhterev, two Russian psychologists who developed an animal training model known as stimulus-response (Classical Conditioning). Watson set the stage for behaviorism, which soon rose to dominate psychology. While behaviorism began to lose its hold after 1950, many of the concepts and principles are still widely used today. Conditioning and behavior modification are still widely used in therapy and behavioral training to help clients change problematic behaviors and develop new skills. Watson set the stage for behaviorism, which soon rose to dominate psychology. While behaviorism began to lose its hold after 1950, many of the concepts and principles are still widely used today. Conditioning and behavior modification are still widely used in therapy and behavioral training to help clients change problematic behaviors and develop new skills. In his most famous and controversial experiment, known today as the "Little Albert" experiment, John Watson...
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...Fauzan Plasticwala Social Psychology 230 Assignment 1: Film Analysis March 15, 2015 A Beautiful Mind John Nash was a graduate student at Princeton University and was well talented mathematician. Starting his graduate school year, the prodromal phase of schizophrenia began to emerge. Prodromal phase is a time period where symptoms for schizophrenia begin to appear but not yet recognized until the active psychosis takes place (Cameron, 1938). He was socially awkward and suffers social rejection. His social behavior was often mocked upon by classmates but did receive support by his close friend, Charles. There are many occurrences of social psychological theories that were depicted in this film. Some of the many social psychological phenomenons that were used in this film were person perception or attribution theory, the self, cognitive dissonance, attitude, and conformity. The self theory is "the individual's belief about himself or herself, including the person's attributes and who and what the self is" (Baumeister, 1999). Nash had distinct sensory ability and high self esteem in regards to his intellect. Self esteem is the degree to which we comment ourselves (Morse and Gergen, 1970). Nash had a positive view of himself. He was able to see the light pattern through a glass and was able synchronize it with patterns on the tie of his classmate. This shows that he considered himself intellectually superior than his classmates. The grandiosity of his intelligence was well...
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...satisfaction between those with a BTP profile and those without. In addition, logistic regression results showed that individuals with more past-positive or future orientations or less past-negative orientation were more likely to have a high level of life satisfaction. Keywords: balanced time perspective, life satisfaction, cluster analysis, Taiwan, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. People live in continual time flows composed of three temporal frames, that is, the past, the present, and the future. Psychology of time research involves two distinct paradigms, in one of which time is viewed as an objective phenomenon and in the other as a subjective phenomenon (Boniwell, Osin, Linley, & Ivanchenko, 2010). Time perspective (TP) is a key area of research within the psychological approach to time. Most early measurements of TP were disadvantaged by low reliability or a focus on only a single temporal orientation (Boniwell et al., 2010; D’Alessio, Yu-Jing Gao, Department of Psychology, Fu Jen Catholic University, Hsinchuang, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC. The author would like to thank Philip...
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...major factors which are the social, political, and economic factors with the economic factor being the primary factor. As a result, of the European imperialist designs and pressure provoked African political and diplomatic responses leading to military resistance by Africans. To conquer Africa, colonials commonly applied the policies of direct, indirect and assimilation rule to dominate entirely African countries. To get protection from the colonizers, African leaders reacted by signing treaties like the Berlin conference for those who collaborated while some African leaders reacted by forming militarily to resist the seizure of their lands and also the imposition of colonial domination. The major cause of violent revolution in the Russian revolution of 1917 was the existence of sharp economic differences existing between social classes. The main goal was to ensure that the rigid class system existing were somehow fair and not favoring. The cause for the use of nonviolent revolution in the American Revolution was the fact that it presents fewer obstacles when it comes to moral and physical involvement and commitment as well promoting a high level of participation which contributes to enhanced resilience. The goal was to ensure that there are no cases of the dictatorial regime in America. For the cause of orange revolution in Ukraine was to ensure there is both economical and political transformation in the country. The goal of the revolution was to ensure fair and a free-fraud...
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...Foundations of Psychology Melisa Kimmerling PSY/300 January 25, 2014 Ashley Dolecki Foundations of Psychology The major schools of thought in psychology are: Behaviorism, Gestalt, Humanistic, Psychoanalytic, Cognitive, Structuralism and Functionalism. The early schools of thought are Structuralism and Functionalism which were developed by Edward Titchener. Edward Titchener was a student of Wilhelm Wundt who was known as the father of psychology. (Westen, 2011) Structuralism uses a method called introspection to uncover elements of the consciousness and how they form ideas. Structuralism is both a science and ideaology. As a science Structuralism tells about the fundamental nature of the World. (calstatela.edu) One of the founders of functioalism was William James, he wrote the first textbook in psychology. Functionalism focuses on the function of psychological processes and how individuals adapt to their enviroment. (Westen, 2011) An assumption of Functionalism is that human beings are caring and coorperative toward each other. (wmich.edu) Behaviorism, also refered to as behavioral perspective or behaviorist, focuses on how enviroment controls learning behavior. The most well know experiment of Behaviorism is Pavlov’s dog. Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov did an experiment with his dogs and found out by accident that when he rang a bell his dogs would salavate thinking it was time to eat. Some behaviorist believe that everything we do is by behavior not mind...
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...Pearson Edexcel General Certificate of Education May–June Summer 2016 Examination Timetable – FINAL Home Pearson Edexcel General Certificate of Education May–June Summer 2016 Examination Timetable – FINAL For more information on Edexcel qualifications please visit http://qualifications.pearson.com Notes Pearson Edexcel General Certificate of Education May–June Summer 2016 Examination Timetable – FINAL Home Notes Pearson Edexcel GCE Summer 2016 Examination View by Week Week Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Monday 16 May Monday 23 May Monday 6 June Monday 13 June Monday 20 June Monday 27 June Tuesday 17 May Tuesday 24 May Tuesday 7 June Tuesday 14 June Tuesday 21 June Tuesday 28 June Wednesday 18 May Wednesday 25 May Wednesday 8 June Wednesday 15 June Wednesday 22 June Wednesday 29 June Thursday 19 May Thursday 26 May Thursday 9 June Thursday 16 June Thursday 23 June Thursday 30 June Friday 20 May Day Week 1 Friday 27 May Friday 10 June Friday 17 June Friday 24 June Friday 1 July View by Subject Subject A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Pearson Edexcel General Certificate of Education May–June Summer 2016 Examination Timetable – FINAL Notes Home Notes 1. Conduct of Examinations 2. Key Dates • Each examination must be taken on the day and at the time as shown on the timetable. • The date for the restricted release of results to centres is Wednesday 17 August 2016. • The published...
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...PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE THE HUMAN PERSON II. BEHAVIORISM BEHAVIORISM Give me a dozen healthy infants, well- formed and my own specified world to bring them up in and I’ll guarantee to take any one at a random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select- doctor, lawyer, merchant- chief, and, yes, even beggar man and thief, regardless of his talents, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors. - John B. Watson, 1930 BEHAVIORISM ¡ Ψ A Psychological perspective and a Learning theory that focuses on objectively observable behaviors and defines learning as the acquisition of new behavior through conditioning that occurs through interaction with the environment. ¡ Ψ A school of Psychology founded by John Broadus Watson based on the idea that behaviors can be measured, trained and changed. KEY CONCEPTS • OPERANT CONDITIONING ( Skinner)- utilizes reinforcement and punishment to create associations between behaviors and the consequences for those behaviors. • CLASSICAL CONDITIONING ( Pavlov) - a process that involves creating an association between a naturally existing stimulus and a previously neutral one. Imagine a dog that salivates when it sees food. The food is the naturally occurring stimulus. If you started to ring a bell every time you presented the dog with food, an association would be formed between the food and the bell. Eventually the bell alone, aka the conditioned stimulus, would come to evoke the salivating response...
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...Learning and Individual Differences 19 (2009) 596–608 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Learning and Individual Differences j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / l i n d i f Subjective evaluations of intelligence and academic self-concept predict academic achievement: Evidence from a selective student population Tatiana V. Kornilova, Sergey A. Kornilov ⁎, Maria A. Chumakova Department of Psychology, Moscow State University (Lomonosov University), Mokhovaya St., 11/5, 125009, Moscow, Russian Federation a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t The study examined the relationship between implicit theories, goal orientations, subjective and test estimates of intelligence, academic self-concept, and achievement in a selective student population (N =300). There was no direct impact of implicit theories of intelligence and goal orientations on achievement. However, subjective evaluations of intelligence and academic self-concept had incremental predictive value over conventional intelligence when predicting achievement accounting for more than 50% of its variance. The obtained pattern of results is presented via structural equation models and interpreted within a dynamic regulative systems framework suggesting the importance of further studying complex sets of achievement predictors that include ability, personality and mediating constructs. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Article history: Received 12 November...
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...34 (2003) 971–982 www.elsevier.com/locate/paid Stress and illness in American and Russian college students Dmitri Poltavski, F. R. Ferraro* Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Box 8380, Grand Forks, ND 58202-8380, USA Received 15 June 2001; received in revised form 24 January 2002; accepted 24 March 2002 Abstract The differences in perceptions of potentially stressful events among 139 college students from Russia and USA were investigated in relation to somatic illness. Individual interpretations were assessed using the Life Events Survey. The instrument was administered in conjunction with the State-Trait Anxiety Index. Results indicated more perceived stress by the Russian student sample but more frequent incidence of reported illness in the American student sample. American female college students showed greater anxiety levels and more perceived stress in comparison to male students. Females also reported a greater number of illness occurrences. # 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Stress; Illness; Cross-cultural; Russia; College students 1. Introduction For centuries, the maintenance of the internal physiological equilibrium has been considered vital for the well-being of any living organism. Having subsumed both emotional and physiological states of equilibrium under the term ‘‘homeostasis’’ Cannon (1932) thus brought psychology into the realm of physiology. Selye (1976) expanded the notion of homeostatic disregulation ...
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...Examination in China, America and Russia. Examination in China, America and Russia. Since ancient times, examination is a way to test person's knowledge, intelligence, ability, personality and moral. It is a measure of human knowledge and intelligence methods used hitherto created, the more objective, fair, accurate, and efficient way. Therefore, when the most important meaning to assess people's knowledge, and ability to master the quality of education and learning ability, skill levels and educational institutions and to develop good quality and ability of personnel activity is used in the examination. So as a student take the exam is very normal thing that looks like people eat food. But different countries have different ideas for the purpose of students take exam. Such as, in some country exam just for help student to study, in another country exam is good way to test student who is good or bad student. Along with education become more and more popular and globalization, many people pay attention to exam and people want know more information about how examination effect students in higher education. From the research is studying of the examination different between China, America and Russia in higher education. In China, Chinese education is Exam-oriented education, which means to meet the entrance examination for the purpose of educational philosophy and education. It is use to test the quality of the school enrollment rate the level of education, teachers and students'...
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...The History of Modern Psychology PSY/310 Psychology is not something that came about over night. Through the years and centuries psychology has grown from simple ideals of philosophers into its own kind of science. There are not a lot of people who know very much about when psychology and philosophy first came together, which was during this century, “a period that to a large extent defined the philosophical-methodological distinctiveness of our psychological science in comparison to world psychology” (Abul'khanova & Slavskaia, 2007,p. 1). This paper will look at the early philosophers and the beginning of psychology. I will also research psychology and its development into a real science. One of the early philosophers was Plato, “Plato is one of the founding fathers of philosophy and has had a massive impact on the history of western thought” (In Great Thinkers A-Z, 2004, p. 1). Another early philosopher was Descartes, he believed that by using your own abilities to reason then the truth will come out (Goodwin, 2008). “Descartes identified the ‘thinking thing’ or mind, with the human soul or consciousness; the body, though somehow interacting with the soul, was a physical machine, secondary to, and in principle separable from, the soul” (The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide, 2009, p. 1). For centuries philosophers and psychologist have tried to figure out what the connection between the mind and body is and they...
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...The topic I have chosen for my research paper is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, also known as PTSD, is an anxiety disorder that develops in a person after an extremely traumatic event. These traumatic events can range from being in a war or in a crime to even an accident. In 1980 the American Psychological Association (APA) added PTSD to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, which was also known as DSM-III. PTSD has had many different names over the years; in 1905 the Russians called it “Battle Shock”, during WWI it was called “shell shock”, Freud called it “war neurosis”, then during WWII the term changed to “combat exhaustion”, and in 1952 DSM-I called it “Gross stress reaction”,...
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