...first person narrative that begins as a prolepsis paragraph that also has a mysterious tone to it. “It's past midnight. Over the whump of the wipers and the screech of the fan belt, we lurch through the side streets of Southeast Portland in a battered white van,”. This direct quote is a “flashforward” and a narrative hook. The reasons for these two narrative styles is because the quote describes the scene of what is to come in the story and it convinces the audience to continue to read the story. “Well, yes. Technically, this is a journalistic exercise--at least, that's what we keep telling ourselves”. This quote proves that Lydgate and Budnick are narrating this story in first person because they continued to use the pronoun ‘we’ several times throughout the narrative....
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...10.1080/10810730802412248 Interrupting a Narrative Transportation Experience: Program Placement Effects on Responses to Antismoking Advertising SARAH DURKIN AND MELANIE WAKEFIELD Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, The Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia It is thought that ‘‘transportation’’—absorption into the narrative flow of a story— may play a role in influencing resistance to persuasion. We hypothesized that advertising that disrupts the experience of narrative transportation may be adversely appraised by audiences. This study aimed to explore the influence of two types of television programs: narratives (dramas, comedies, and soap operas) versus nonnarratives (light entertainment, sports, documentaries, and news), on smokers’ reactions to antismoking advertisements. In preexposure interviews, daily smokers (n ¼ 779) were asked to watch a particular television program they usually watched. Postexposure interviews were conducted within 3 days of exposure. Results indicated that placing an antismoking ad within a program in which the viewer is focused on the narrative flow of a story may lead to reduced immediate cognitive and emotional impact of the ad and reduced intentions to quit, especially among those for whom the ad is most relevant, such as those preparing to quit smoking. Placing antismoking advertising in light entertainment, sports, documentaries, and news programs may make scarce public health dollars go further. In recent years...
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...Tragicomedy - Common genres: fiction Subsets of genres, known as common genres, have developed from the archetypes of genres in written expression. The common genres included in recommended Literature from kindergarten through grade twelve by the California Department of Education are defined as:[1] Drama – stories composed in verse or prose, usually for theatrical performance, where conflicts and emotion are expressed through dialogue and action Fable – narration demonstrating a useful truth, especially in which animals speak as humans; legendary, supernatural tale Fairy tale – story about fairies or other magical creatures, usually for children Fantasy – fiction with strange or other worldly settings or characters; fiction which invites suspension of reality Fiction narrative – literary works whose content is produced by the imagination and is not necessarily based on fact Fiction in verse – full-length novels with plot, subplot(s), theme(s), major and minor characters, in which the narrative is presented in (usually blank) verse form Folklore – the songs, stories, myths, and proverbs of a people or "folk" as handed down by word of mouth Historical fiction – story with fictional characters and events in a historical setting Horror – fiction in which events evoke a feeling of dread and sometimes fear in both the characters and...
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...complementary analyses: Framing Visual coding Critical spoken discourse analysis - News reporters on the ground at the time framed the events as a police attack. Blamed the victims by reframing the events as a violent provocation. Manipulated public opinion about domestic immigration policy. Introduction - The great May Day marches of 2007 began a new social movement on the issue of immigration. Its outpour forced US citizens to consider the existence of immigrant workers in society. Moral legitimacy The nations perception of immigrant-rights marchers is a crucial factor that helps shape national attitudes towards immigrants and immigration policy. How TV depicted the assault by Alabama police and state troopers with truncheons and tear gas on 600 nonviolent civil right marchers in Selma in 1965. - May Day 2007- two separate marches took place in LA Morning- took place as normal without any incident Afternoon- ended violently. LA police suddenly attacked 7000 peaceful demonstrators. Paralleled an earlier episode of LA police misconduct- Marked a turning point in Chicano Moratorium - 40 years ago the nations perception of the marchers was not crucial Today, the medias portrayal of immigrant rights is key to the public perception and to the ultimate success of this new social movement. - Research on television news representation has underscored its power in the framing of social movements, Latinos and immigrants. The mass media present the news regularly document...
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...Taylor Hutson Dr. Dennis Winston English-104 13 October 2015 Writing in My Field Radio expands far beyond the bounds of hip-hop, rhythm and blues, and pop music streamed from countless stations across the nation. It is much more than mundane news, traffic and weather updates and is not limited to sports broadcasts. Much like a painted canvas radio paints a mental masterpiece, filled with life stories, musical applications and paired with contextual reporting and analysis. For me, radio grasps my mind from the familiar confines of the world around me and places me in a world far beyond anything that I have actually experienced. Accounts of how a French scuba diver nearly drowned to death in a pursuit to save the life of another diver followed by the scary reality of death among the lives of senior citizens in hospice care are only some of the many intriguing stories that inspire me write for radio broadcasting. “How A Woman’s Plan to Kill Herself Helped Her Family Grieve” written by Alex Spiegel is another story that specifically captures the listener within the confines of its broadcast. Sandy Bem had Alzheimer’s disease—a disease that corrupts the mind’s capacity to remember important family members, read, and write. This disease left Sandy feeling helpless and depressed, later causing her to “commit” suicide—assisted suicide. As Sandy’s health began to deteriorate her feelings of helplessness grew to the point of despair. After wallowing in sadness for countless months...
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...Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass serves as an essential piece of literature that has, and continues, to contribute to history. Douglass’ narrative allows the reader to empathize with him on a human level, exposing the reader to his everyday circumstances and emotions, rather than simply listing off historical facts about slavery. It is commonly known that slavery existed, that millions of Africans were shipped to the United States and other countries around the world, that they were whipped and tortured and forced to provide free labor, and that millions of them died do to the harsh conditions they endured. This information is taught in elementary schools across the nation and is occasionally revisited in junior high and high school, and then again if the person makes it to college. What typically is not taught or touched on, though, is the mental and emotional struggle the slaves endured. Because slavery is no longer prominent and that generation has passed, it is very difficult to dig deeper into what actually occurred during the time period in order to reach a level of empathy that perceives slavery as something more than just a historical fact. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass serves as a fundamental primary source that pulls the reader into the everyday life of a slave and allows them to go beyond history to focus on the human foreground of the narrative. Douglass’ first person point of view is what makes...
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...The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/1352-2752.htm YouTube: an opportunity for consumer narrative analysis? Stefano Pace ` Universita Bocconi, Milano, Italy Abstract Purpose – The aim of the paper is to discuss a possible extension of narrative analysis to a new medium of expression of consumer behaviour, specifically YouTube. Design/methodology/approach – Marketing and consumer behaviour studies often apply narrative analysis to understand consumption. The consumer is a source of introspective narratives that are studied by scholars. However, consumption has a narrative nature in itself and consumers are also storytellers. YouTube is a new context in which subjects tell stories to an audience through self-made videos and re-edited TV programs. After defining the pros and cons of different approaches to the study of YouTube, narrative analysis is presented as a possible means of understanding YouTube. Findings – Some preliminary evidence is presented by discussing several YouTube videos. These indicate that YouTube content can be better understood as stories, rather than example of other approaches, such as visual analysis, media studies, videography, and others. Research limitations/implications – From the analysis conducted, preliminary managerial implications can be drawn. It seems unlikely that normal TV broadcasters will be substituted by YouTube videos. For the most part, YouTube content draws its sense and shared...
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...Which Essay is Better: A Narrative or A Descriptive? Ever read a story and say to yourself, “What’s happening?” Whenever I read a descriptive essay, that’s what I would say. In this essay I would be comparing and contrasting two types of essays, a narrative and descriptive. I have chosen “Are the rich happy?” by Stephen Leacock 1916 and “Sister Flowers” by Maya Angelou, n.d. By writing my essay, I want to give my views on each and decide which I would rather write. Narrative Essay A narrative essay reflects a personal opinion that is based on your own experiences. This helps you bring a reader into your very own mind and shows him/her the topic you’re writing about through your eyes. Telling a story or event the way it happened for you. It also could provide a sort of lesson or moral to be learned from the outcome of the story as well as what the writer did that contributed to it or not. It’s more on a personal level that any one reading could say that happened to them or that they learned from the story by not doing whatever it was that the writer did. In Stephen Leacock’s “Are the Rich Happy?” the author writes about his experiences with his friends, with of modest income. Most of it, all in his opinion, points out the problems or troubles those with an existential amount of funds in their bank accounts. He goes on to give some examples that he encountered several of his friends going through. “A friend of mine who has ten thousand dollars a year told me the other...
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...TextTell Me a Good Story: Using Narrative Analysis to Examine Information Requirements Interviews during an ERP Implementation Rosío Alvarez University of Massachusetts, Boston Jacqueline Urla University of Massachusetts, Amherst Abstract This paper reports on a participant-observation study examining how clients use narratives to convey information during ERP requirements analysis interviews. Techniques drawn from narrative analysis are used to analyze the structure and content of different types of narratives clients tell during requirements analysis interviews. First, findings reveal that interviewees organized their experience, sought to persuade listeners, and conveyed information to analysts using “stories,” “habitual,” and “hypothetical” narratives. Client narratives provide a pragmatic view of the information system, offering insight into the ways the system is actually used and the habitual practices of the work environment. Second, narratives function to signal the embeddedness of the information system in its larger organizational and social context. While analysts may be inclined to dismiss narratives as messy or uncodeable data, the insights they provide merit attention. To the degree that narratives give insight into users’ perspectives on organizational issues, they provide knowledge that is essential to any information systems project. This is especially true for ERP projects that, unlike other systems projects, seek to integrate processes spanning the entire...
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...7 BARTIMAEUS (Mark 10:46-52) The story of Bartimaeus is an experience of the healing power of faith that leads to discipleship. It begins in identification with the humiliation of a blind beggar sitting in the dust. It ends with his sight restored as he follows Jesus on the way up to Jerusalem. In a unique way, this story concretizes the power of the faith of persons who are oppressed by physical or mental handicaps, patriarchal social structures, racial discrimination, and economic systems over which they have no control. It is an invitation to allow our own personal and communal humiliation to be seen in the context of Bartimaeus's faith in Jesus as the Christ. The Story And they came to Jericho. And as he was leaving Jericho with his disciples and a great multitude, Bartimaeus, a blind beggar, the son of Timaeus, was sitting by the roadside. And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!" And many rebuked him, telling him to shut up. But he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!" And Jesus stopped and said, "Call him." And they called the blind man, saying to him, "Take heart; rise, he is calling you." And throwing off his mantle he sprang up and came to Jesus. And Jesus said to him, "What do you want me to do for you?" And the blind man said to him, "Master, let me receive my sight." And Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well." And immediately he received his sight...
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... This essay will explore concepts on the storied nature of law. In recognising that stories are an important part not only of individual understanding of the world, but also in interpreting the law, this essay will seek to expose the myth of objectivity in legal narratives by exploring the favouring of facts within stories of legal adjudication and interpretation. Stories are one way that individuals deal with their...
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...NARRATIVE THERAPY: 1. Focus of narrative Therapy: Narrative conversations are interactive and always in collaboration with the people consulting the therapist. Narrative therapy seeks to be a respectful, non-blaming approach to counselling and community work, which centres people as the experts in their own lives. It views problems as separate from people and assumes people have many skills, competencies, beliefs, values, commitments and abilities that will assist them to change their relationship with problems in their lives. Curiosity and a willingness to ask questions to which we genuinely don't know the answers are important principles of this work. There are many possible directions that any conversation can take (there is no single correct direction). The person consulting the therapist plays a significant part in determining the directions that are taken. It seems appropriate to begin any exploration of narrative therapy with a consideration of what is meant by the `narratives' or `stories' of our lives. 2. THE ROLE OF STORIES Narrative therapy is sometimes known as involving’re-authoring' or’re-storying' conversations. Stories are central to an understanding. Stories consist of: • events • linked in sequence • across time • according to a plot 3. LISTENING WITH AN OPEN MIND Social Constructionist Theories place an emphasis on listening to clients without judgment or blame, affirming and valuing them. Totalizing language is avoided. NP focuses on the capacity...
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...film. These arguments usually question or celebrate the transgressive potentials of the book (Giroux; Mendieta), or address issues of masculinity brought into the fore by their literary and cinematic representations emergent in the same decade (Tuss; Friday). However, few, if any, have addressed the literary aspirations of the text and its author. Although none of the approaches to the thematic concerns of Fight Club are unjustified, in the argument that follows I will suggest that conclusions drawn and critical judgments passed have been hasty, and not only failed to take into account the formal aspects of story-telling, but that the narrative features of Palahniuk’s text have largely went unexplored, and constitute a blind spot of the reception. Critics condemning or acclaiming the novel, and, indeed, many a cultic reader of Palahniuk ignored Fight Club as a literary narrative, and have inadvertently been repeating the catchphrases of the text, either reinforcing or trying to undermine what they have understood as their meaning. I see the significance of Palahniuk’s fiction and the literary event of Fight Club’s publication in somewhat different terms. Palahniuk’s emphasis and continued insistence on minimalism suggest that his fiction is properly understood as belonging to a literary tradition whose evaluation remains troubled and, for a large part, unsettled. Nevertheless,...
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...One way in which media can have prosocial effects is through persuasive public health campaigns. Achieving this positive media effect is challenging due to the complexity of both creating effective messages and understanding the responses of individuals who choose to engage in unhealthy behaviors. In their research on unintended effects in health communication, Cho and Salmon (2007) discuss an unfortunately common response to health messages known as the boomerang effect. The boomerang effect is characterized by a reaction that is the opposite of the intended effect of the message, making it a particularly important response to avoid, especially in health communication. Challenges like this necessitate rigorous media research into how health...
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...What is literature? * Creative writing of recognised artistic value. * Written works of fiction and non-fiction in which compositional excellence and advancement in the art of writing are higher priorities than are considerations of profit or commercial appeal. * Literature is literally "an acquaintance with letters" as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary (from the Latin littera meaning "an individual written character (letter)"). The term has generally come to identify a collection of texts. The word literature as a common noun can refer to any form of writing, such as essays or poetry; Literature as a proper noun refers to a whole body of literary work, world-wide or relating to a specific culture... * lit·er·a·ture n. 1. The body of written works of a language, period, or culture. 2. Imaginative or creative writing, especially of recognized artistic value:"Literature must be an analysis of experience and a synthesis of the findings into a unity" 3. The art or occupation of a literary writer. 4. The body of written work produced by scholars or researchers in a given field: medical literature. 5. Printed material: All the available collected literature on the subject. 6. Music: All the compositions of a certain kind or for a specific instrument or ensemble: the symphonic literature. Good literature has something important to say about life. If we take the time to read and understand the literature...
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