Public Policy Analysis Fredrick Wallace Capella University

POLICY ANALYSIS OF THE ACT TO AMEND SECTIONS 4145 AND 4147OF, AND REPEAL SECTION 4146 OF , BUSINESS AND PROFESSION CODE, TO AMEND SECTION11364OF,AND TO ADD CHAPTER 13.5 (COMMENSING WITH SECTION 121285) TO PART 4 DIVISION 105 OF, THE HEALTH AND SAFETY CODE, RELATING TO HYPODERMIC NEEDLES AND SYRINGES (Senate Bill 1159)
SUMMARY
Senate Bill (SB) 1159 makes the Disease Prevention Demonstration Project (DPDP), cooperation in the middle of drug stores and nearby and the government health authorities. Area under discussion of the local government approval, Senate Bill 1159 permits authorized drug stores which are listed enlisted in the health division that offer ten or less sterile needles and syringes, permitting the government to take an interest in the management state venture. The procurement dusks on December 31, 2010, if not the governing body revises law which amplify otherwise dispense with the nightfall day. Senate Bill 1159 mandates drug stores that create deals that embrace endorsed exercises, together with submission of clean injection disposal projects towards assurance to those syringes and needles will be discarded within a suitable way, as well as giving composed data otherwise unwritten advising taking place the most proficient method to get to medical action, in addition to assessment and cure of HIV and hepatitis C infection (HCV). Senate Bill 1159 allows an individual to have 10 clean syringes and needle if procured during approved source. Senate Bill 1159 mandates that the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) assess impacts of permitting offer of injections with no a medicine, along with present a information to the Governor and Legislature.
REASON OF THE REGULATION
Towards diminishing HIV, hepatitis, and other blood-borne cases along with IDUs, their sexual partners, and their children.
ARGUMENTS
According to continuous studies and examination as evidence that shown having access of the clean syringes diminish the case of deadly disease as similarly as hazardous syringe disposal, syringe utilization, drug exploit, Basically by operation of Senate Bill 1159, its purpose to lessen the increase cases of HIV, HCV, hepatitis B contamination (HBV), and other body fluid related sickness to threatens the general public health. The Federal agency has taking a big step in this proposal. The Federal Centers for Disease Control have gone to information dissemination for action plan on how to diminish and control HIV among drug users, and to sexually actives partners. Drug store sale must be viewed as a standout amongst the most financially savvy approaches to forestall possibly deadly and to a great degree expensive health condition. In great support on how to lessen transmission of HIV, HCV, and HBV is that one must show a medical record showing the needs of sterile syringes to IDUs
ANALYSIS
Under the operating laws, the state has control over sale, ownerships and transfer of the hypodermic needles and injections. It was mentioned that prescription is a necessity in buying the hypodermic needle or injections for human consumption. SB 1159 supplemented: • Founded the Disease Prevention Demonstration Program, a coordinated effort in the middle of drugstores and state health authorities, to assess the long haul allure of permitting authorized drug specialists to suggest non prescription syringes to control the HIV and HCV and other blood contamination illnesses. • Authorizes the registered drug stores, in accordance with local permits, to offer ten or less syringes to a person who is legal age older without medical request letter if the certified pharmacist and the drug store is given the permits and enrolled in local health office for Disease Prevention Demonstration program. This was approved December 31, 2010, unless the lawmaking body acts to expand or nullify the dusk. • In connection with the same local allowance, an individual can gain more than 10 syringes without showing medical prescription given by medical professionals. • Mandated by the California Department of Public Health to have a counselling board included pros, agents, and partners from the federal state authorities, health departments, drug store, law enforcement, and waste administration groups. • As mandated to local health office to: 1) keep up a rundown of all drug stores that have enlisted under Disease Prevention Demonstration Program; 2) create an handy composed data the that might be given or duplicated to be given in written or counselling by the drug store to the client in the event that they are purchasing without prescription. The written information made available contains on diagnosing and dealing HIV and HCV, and the procedure to discard syringes and needles. • It is a violation of the law to dispose hypodermic needle or syringe on a play grounds area, shoreline, open space, or any open or confidential basic, professional, middle school, or secondary school. Any violation of these will be sanctioned for jail or paying a sum imposed as punishment for an offense. • Any containerized transfer of needles and syringes should meet the standard measure to carry or transfer such, and one must hold government permits do such.
• Pharmacist protocol to enlist names and address and other information with regard to the purchasing person of needles and syringes should be abolished
PUBLIC HEALTH REFLECTION
Clearly that in concurrence of the American health association and researchers that drug store offer syringes, a protected and demonstrated methodology in anticipating HIV/AIDS and other lethal illnesses with high risk. It has additional advantage in counteracts course diseases with sex partner of medication clients. In most recent years various nationalized associations embraced disallowance individuals to purchase and have syringes without medical allowance, together with the American Medical Association and other prominent professional organization. The Senate Bill 1159, supported with a wide federation that incorporated with the different California Association and organizations of professional and workers which speaks to work in drug stores), and in addition the real AIDS administration associations state wide. The authoritative backing was only from Democratic individuals, however remarkable special cases with Republican officials that bid in the propose law to the were the result of involvement tainted needles and syringes have been appalling in general wellbeing within California. 76 % t of HIV cases have been accounted by CDCP is IDU’s and men who engage in sexual relations with men and infuse drugs (2010) in the State. State information proposes that more than 1000 new syringe-sharing diseases happen every year. Among grown-up and immature ladies in California, infusion drug use-related danger components represent 37 percent of combined AIDS cases. 46% were African ladies who are infected with AIDS as well as were Native American ladies 55% of AIDs cases and all are involving drugs infusion. Additionally, in 2001 an expected 600,000 HCV cases and 60% of this were involving drug infusion. Approximately 5,000 infected HCV suspected in record every year. Which is the essential transmission of the virus is syringe sharing. Epidemiologic studies found reasons why there are multi-individual uses of syringes and are because of two important points of view: 1) The unavailability off the clean syringes, and 2) Apprehension of the syringes that it should be obtain in pursuant of state law with regard to syringes possession. A research available in the American Journal of Public Health in 2001 96 urban areas in America, of 60 wasn’t ask for medical instruction for syringes, along with 36 were asked. This research has no measurable evidence of huge distinction in pervasiveness of syringe as to medical utilization, yet in the wake of controlling for a few conceivable variables, the main noteworthy contrast in that case of HIV contamination with infusion medicine clients double like elevated in urban areas to necessitate medicines when contrasted with urban areas that don't. A research led in Oakland, California, observed that Infusion Drug Users concerned being captured even as conveying drugs be more than 1 ½ times extra tending to carve up injections. Senate Bill 1159 licenses lawful ownership of less than 10 syringes acquired from legitimate resources, that diminishes unsafe practices, for example, multi-person syringe, that is regularly connected among apprehension and capture. A research headed by the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health proposes offering diverse venue sorts for syringe procurement, for example, drug stores, permits infection counteractive action specialists to achieve members with varying medication use designs, enhancing viral danger lessening procedures.
SUSTAINING ARGUMENTS
Advocates of Senate Bill 1159 attest that prevention control of HIV and hepatitis with infusion drug consumer and their spouse. Proposes its execution state wide force bring about a huge number of dollars in turned away social insurance costs. Supporters likewise state that cops will advantage because of the conceivable lessening in incidental needle stick wounds while at work. Moreover, the backers contend that appropriation procurements of Senate Bill 1159 shall encourage the sheltered accumulation, transfer every containerized needle waste, as well as individuals utilized for restorative cure of diabetes along with different illnesses. This contentions are support by various research from California, the United States and overseas. Seeing that already expressed, the exploratory confirmation is tremendously uneven: enhancing way in clean syringes is connected among huge decreases in multi-person injections, diminishments in cases of HIV/AIDS, and enhanced move to medication action and other therapeutic and societal administrations.

ACTION PLAN BY THE OTHER COUNTIES RE: SYRINGE RIGHT TO USE The majority of regions and urban areas in California is un-freely measured otherwise talked about execution of Senate Bill 1159. Persons who have understand among provinces that have approved are regions highly urbanized, yet mainly blended rural and provincial. In July 2007, 15 counties and 3 urban areas positively approved drug store offer of syringes.
Following the entry of Senate Bill 1159, other districts approved syringe trade program in accordance with the present law. Syringe trade programs give syringes for nothing out of pocket to program members, additionally give free recuperation and transfer programs that outcome in a huge number of syringes being taken unavailable for general use and annihilated. Among those that have as of late approved syringe trade projects are those that voted against syringe deal.
OTHER STATES' INFORMATION A research available in the American Journal of Public Health in 2001 96 urban areas in the United States, 60 of which asked not for prescription for syringes, with 36 were asked. A research has no measurable evidence of huge distinction in pervasiveness of syringe as to medical utilization, yet in the wake of controlling for a few conceivable variables, the main noteworthy contrast was that the case of HIV contamination with infusion drug clients double like elevated in urban areas that require medicines when contrasted with urban areas that don't. In New York State, advancing safe syringe transfer has run as an inseparable unit with extended syringe access through drug store deals subsequent in January 1, 2001, begin of the New York State Expanded Syringe Access Demonstration Program. Syringes and at work needle stick wounds with New York City Department of Sanitation labourers diminished considerably in previous three years. Sometimes 1990s syringes are initially allowed in Connecticut in drugs stores sales, as to 83 percent that syringes can be bought over the counter. In the same era, Injectable drugs Users reported that they buy syringes in the drug store, which makes to ascends the 19% to 78.

References
Country of Los Angeles Public Health. (2016). Department of Public Health. Retrieved from http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/
California Department of PublicHealth. (2016). Retrieved from http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/aids/Documents/SAInfoForPharmacistsSB115 9.pdf
Alcoholrehab.com. (2016).Needle Dangers.Retrieved from http://alcoholrehab.com/drug-addiction/needle-dangers/.
Belani et al. (2012, November 9). Integrated Prevention Services for HIV Infection, Viral Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, and Tuberculosis for Persons Who Use Drugs Illicitly: Summary Guidance from CDC and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr6105a1.htm.
Burris et al. (2002, November 30). Syringe Access Law in the United States A State of the Art Assessment of Law and Policy. Retrieved from http://www.publichealthlaw.net/Research/PDF/syringe.pdf.
Burris, S. (2000, December 28). Deregulation of Hypodermic Needles and Syringes as a Public Health Measure: A Report on Emerging Policy and Law in the United States. Retrieved from http://www.drugpolicy.org/docUploads/deregulation.pdf.
California Hepatitis Alliance.(n.d.).HBV vaccine patient assistance.Retrieved from http://www.calhep.org/docuserfiles/SB_1159_Background_Fact_Sheet__2_up-date_.pdf.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015, April 15). Men | Gender | HIV by Group | HIV/AIDS | CDC.Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/group/gender/men/.
DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, AND EDUCATION, AND RELATED AGENCIES APPROPRIATIONS FOR FISCAL. (2010). - DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, AND EDUCATION, AND RELATED AGENCIES APPROPRIATIONS FOR FISCAL YEAR 2010. Retrieved from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-111shrg99104412/html/CHRG-111shrg99104412.htm.
Downing et al. (2002, January).COMMUNITY ACCEPTANCE AND IMPLEMENTATION OF HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS FOR INJECTION DRUG USERS.Retrieved from http://www.drugpolicy.org/docUploads/IDUacceptance.pdf.
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.(2013). Retrieved from http://www.hptn.org/HPTN-JAIDSsuppl.pdf.
PMC.(2004). CLINICAL VIGNETTES.Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1492602/.
Tesoreiro, J. (2016). Expanded Syringe Access.Retrieved from http://www.calhep.org/docuserfiles/19_Syringe_Access_Bibliography__GB_.pdf.
WanToknow.Info. (2016).Health News Articles.Retrieved from http://www.wanttoknow.info/healthnewsarticles-0-10000.
City of San Diego. (2015). Programs: Clean Syringe Exchange Pilot Program. Retrieved February 12, 2015 from http://www.sandiego.gov/communityservices/programs/cleansyringe/index.shtml
Winkelstein, E. (2015). Guide to Developing and Managing Syringe Access Programs. Retrieved February 12, 2015 http://www.ct.gov/dph/lib/dph/aids_and_chronic/prevention/pdf/guide_developing_managing_sap.pdf
Claudia, R et al. (2015) Guide to Developing and Managing Syringe Access Programs. Retrieved February 12, 2015 from http://www.science.gov/topicpages/h/high+dead-space+syringes.html
Dworkin, M. (n.d.) Outbreak Investigations Around the World: Case Studies in Infectious Disease Field Epidemiology. Retrieved February 12, 2015 from https://agus34drajat.files.wordpress.com/2010/10/outbreak-investigations-around-the-world-case-studies-in-infectious-disease-field-epidemiology.pdf