...of Services in Urban Areas - What are the Challenges in Developing Countries? Introduction The manner in which provision of basic infrastructure services is dispensed to meet the demands of the public in general will determine the level of economic activity and, in turn, the overall development of a nation. Most sectors cannot function without electricity, telecommunications, and water; therefore, the adequate and effective provision of these services is central to the growth of an economy and the improvement of public welfare. Infrastructure can be seen as the “wheels of economic activity”1. Thus, developing infrastructure capacity: 1. Dominance of public enterprises In general, the widespread dominance of public enterprises in the provision of public goods in developing countries has been repeatedly blamed for the terrible state of these services. The monopolistic nature of the market structure has therefore lead to the absence of competition, resulting in inefficiency and the lack of pricing mechanisms to determine consumer demand and to reflect service costs. Accordingly these “below-cost prices” have contributed to the low levels of government investment and lack of service expansion. 2. Continuous government pressure. Against this backdrop, governments have been under continuous pressure to consider alternative ways of infrastructure provision. The past few years, therefore, have witnessed an upsurge in the commercialization of public services provision...
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...selected public service TERM: Formal | Meaning or explanation: A formal team is one that has been created to carry out a certain role or achieve a certain goal. It will also have a clearly structured ranking system. | | Example from Public Service: An example of this in the public services is the Uk Riot Police. These specially trained officers are put in a team to maintain public order during riots they have a clear ranking system as a senior officer is often in control of several teams at one time. | TERM: Informal | Meaning or explanation: A informal team is one that works without a hierarchy but will still try to achieve a common goal. In this type of group everyone has equal input and equal say. | | Example from Public Service: An example of this in the public services is Patrol officers this is a team of around two officers who will move around an area in order to prevent crimes. Whilst on patrol both officers are equals and will listen to each other when responding to emergencies. | TERM: Temporary | Meaning or explanation: A temporary team is one that is set up to achieve a one off goal or set up an event but once the task has been completed the team is then disbanded. | Photo | Example from Public Service : | TERM: Project | Meaning or explanation: This is a team whose members are usually from various organizations who are assigned to the group by these organizations to complete tasks to help reach a conclusion. | | Example from Public Service...
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...Evaluate the Responsibilities at Different Levels of Government Central government is in charge at a national level, it is positioned in London where the houses of parliament and the House of Lords have many different types of responsibilities. One of their responsibilities is to protect the whole country at a national level. The good thing about this responsibility is that it will make our country a safer place to live in by creating new laws and policies which will help protect the people either from drink/driving laws or smoking ban where they keep you from harm. The bad thing about this responsibility is only a selected few hundred MPs can make the choice and even through the people in the House of Commons are voted in by us, they may not do what is in our best interest and will vote on their principles and beliefs and they could have a bias opinion. An example would be the House of parliament and when they are in session they discuss lots of different issues and reports and in front of the speaker. Our country signs treaties with other countries so we can make deals with each other which are friendly and to help keep the peace and so we can be partners with each other this is also another responsibility. The good thing about this responsibility is that it will keep peace between our countries and there is no fighting going on and the less likely chance we will go to war where there will be death caused by bombs, gunshot wounds and a great deal of injury. In 1992, the...
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...Philip H. Jos College of Charleston Mark E. Tompkins University of South Carolina Keeping It Public: Defending Public Service Values in a Customer Service Age New Ideas for Improving Public Administration Notwithstanding the persistence and proliferation of to the breaking point with a RAND Corporation calls to serve “customers,” these relationships incorporate study that exhorted the military to engage in “customdistinctively public priorities and performance er-informed decision-making” and to work on instillexpectations—priorities and expectations often shaped ing “customer satisfaction” in Afghanistan (Helmus, by a desire to reduce customer vulnerabilities and Paul, and Glenn 2007). prevent seller strategies that are deemed unacceptable. The authors examine these distinctively public The persistence of the customer metaphor in the relationships—between professionals and clients, face of substantial criticism suggests that a far more guardians and wards, facilitators fundamental reassessment of and citizens, and regulators the relationship between public The persistence of the customer administrators and those they and subjects. By acknowledging serve is required. Our examinathat public administration metaphor in the face of tion finds that the vulnerabilioften involves relationships with substantial criticism suggests multiple constituencies and that ties of those treated as “customthat a far more fundamental opportunities to serve them are ers,” and the problems raised...
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...PBS is a public broadcasting service. This service offers commercial free shows that are educational. This educational media helps children get ready for success in school. This service is funded by the members donations, grants, and government help. The use of PBS has been around since 1969. The topics of shows include arts, culture, food, health, history, home, how to, news, parents, science, nature, and technology. People all around the United States watch PBS and use it in different ways. Teacher's and parent's have used this site for many years to educate young children. Education is very different today than it was in 1969 when PBS started. This service has to go through many changes to keep up with each new year. Such changes would be new topics, updated videos, and a new website. This channel has so many different topics that it also helps educate adults. PBS operates more than 350 stations. PBS serves all the fifty states. PBS also serves the countries that America owns such as Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and Guam. During the years 2011 and 2012. PBS has been awarded and nominated 123 times. The television station of PBS has been working with university’s for years. Sixty eight percent of the stations have set up a partnership with local universitys. I found it interesting that in a year 31.6 million children ages 2-11 watch PBS Kid's. More than 11 million children use the PBS kids website each month. PBS Kid's offers seven literacy skills and...
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...BEFORE THE GEORGIA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION STATE OF GEORGIA IN RE: Georgia Public Service Commission ) Request For Proposal for Regulated ) DOCKET NO. 15149-U Provider of Natural Gas ) SCANA ENERGY MARKETING, INC. STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR CUSTOMERS OF A REGULATED PROVIDER GROUP 2 CUSTOMERS ELIGIBILITY: Customers are eligible to obtain service from the Regulated Provider as a Group 2 customer if they have been unable to obtain or maintain natural gas service with a marketer or if their payment history was cited by the Regulated Provider as reason to transfer them from Group 1 to Group 2. 1. AGLC PASS THROUGH & METER READING CHARGES: The customer is billed all pass through charges of the electing distribution company, Atlanta Gas Light Company (“AGLC”) applicable to the customer. The monthly pass through charges related to AGLC’s assignment of costs to SCANA Energy for a customer’s account will vary based on the customer’s Dedicated Design Day Capacity ("DDDC") and AGLC Pool Group (as such terms are defined in AGLC’s approved tariff). AGLC’s assigned obligations to SCANA Energy for a customer’s account covering interstate assets (pipeline capacity, storage, and gas supply) will be charged to the customer in the natural gas consumption charge detailed below. 2. NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION CHARGES: These charges do not include state or local taxes or charges imposed by the electing distribution company...
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...Introduction Singapore is an urban city with a modern multi-modal public transport service system. However, there have existed gaps between customer expectations and customer perceptions, especially in using bus services. This report will analyze these gaps and how bus operators recover their service quality and satisfy their customers. 2.2 Summary of the key points of the article Recently, The Land Transport Authority (LTA) has allowed the first privately run feeder bus service to boost the network. This is good news for customers who are suffering of waiting for the bus for a long time at crowded bus stations during the peak hours and using congested buses. Customers are happy with the improvement of bus service. Previously, customers were frustrated because of insufficiency of bus service in peak hours. They have to wait from 30 to 40 minutes. But from now on, customers will be more satisfaction with the improvement of bus services in Singapore. Bus frequency has improved by 1 to 5 minutes instead of 10 to 13 minutes previously. The “peak period short service” 912P reduce waiting time and ease congestion. Extra supply of bus service will always be helpful with customers in reducing the crowded situation in some buses and reduce waiting time at the congested bus stations. 2. HOW THE ARTICLE RELATES TO THE CONCEPTS 3.3 Customers’ expectations of bus services “Customers’ expectations are beliefs about service delivery that serve as standard or reference points against...
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...The Impact of Privatization of Public Services on the Public Sector Employment in the U.S. Literature review Privatization is one of the most discussed topics in the modern era of public management. Traditional norms of public management are getting unclear day by day because of the increased consideration for the efficiency and effectiveness of affairs of public sector organizations. One of the way governments adopted to increase the efficiency and effectiveness is the privatization of public services. Varner (2006) in his report titled ‘Government Privatization History, Example, and Issues’ given the definition of privatization as “Privatization is the process of transferring property from public ownership to private ownership and/or transferring the management of a service or activity from the government to the private sector”( Varner, 2006, p. 1). This paper assumes and proposes the privatization as independent variable and analyzes its impact on unemployment. So being an independent variable in a study it is very much appropriate to identify different aspects related to privatization. The significant contribution of Varner (2006) is that he has specified the forms of privatization as; “Complete Privatization, Privatization of Operations, Use of Contracts, Franchising, and Open Competition” (p. 1). In addition, he said that moves address the idea of reason what may be the causes ultimately ends up in privatizing the public entities. The provided list of seven reasons...
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...Extended Diploma in Public Services (Uniforms) Unit 1 Government, Policies and the Public Service 14 January 2016 The impact of UK Government Policies on the Public Services Human rights Each UK citizen has certain rights, these include the rights to: Life, Prohibition of torture, Prohibition of slavery and forced labour, Liberty and security, A fair trial, No punishment without law, Respect for private and family life, Freedom of thought, conscience and religion, Freedom of expression, Freedom of assembly and association, Marry, Prohibition of discrimination, Protection of property, Education, Free elections, and Abolition of the death penalty. Environmental Air quality plan for reducing nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in Greater London urban area listing (UK0001) The Air quality plan is setting out what the government will be doing about improving the air quality in London as well as reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions. Another is “River Thames: application for registration of a launch” The government are setting out a registration for a powered boat to be in the river thames. The boats that are not included are Kayaks, canoes, and other non powered boats. The reason for this is to attempt reduction in emissions and other toxic wastes. All boats kept, rented, or let for hire must be registered with the Environment Agency (Inland Waterways) Order 2010 annually to calculate the amount of emissions entering the water. Affecting the military services Declaration...
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...A CASE STUDY OF PUBLIC OFFICERS PERCEPTION OF MOTIVATION IN THE BELIZE PUBLIC SERVICE CAVEHILL SCHOOL OF BUSINESS UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES BUSINESS RESEARCH- PSM FINAL PROJECT 2013/2014 JUNE, 2013 Acknowledgements First of all, thanks be to my Lord Jesus for the strength and determination in whom I leaned on to finish this task. My heartfelt appreciation goes out to family for bearing patience and understanding for the times I was not around. Thanks to my lecturer, Dr. Natamisha Goring, for her time and sincere guidance in the completion of this paper. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary……………………………………. 4 Introduction………………………………………………. 5 -6 Literature Review……………..………………………. 7 - 9 Methodology ………………………………………….... 10 - 15 Study Design Participants Research Instrument Data Collection Proposed Data Analysis Anticipated Limitations and Challenges Bibliography…………………….………….. 16-17 Appendices …………………………………. 18-23 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This case study examines new initiatives aimed at motivating junior officers within the Public Service to be more effective, efficient and productive. These initiatives describe motivation within the context of drive reduction theory and Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs. The study will also measure employee satisfaction as it relates to current incentives...
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...2014/15 CQF [pic] BTEC Extended Diploma Public Services Yr 1 Assignment Brief |Assignment: |12.1 |Tutor: |Chris Beasley | |Unit: |Crime and it Effects on Society | |Assignment Title: |Crime and disorder legislation, Sentences and Orders | |Handed out |…… | | | | |Handed in: |…….. | | | | |Submission Deadline: |…….. | |Learning Aim | | | |Know crime and disorder legislation, sentences and orders ...
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...Types of Expedition Assignment 1 Our public services and the general public undertake a wide variety of expeditions for a wide variety of reasons. Now you have watched videos of two different types of expedition discuss these expeditions in your groups, compile your opinions and explain them, on the following points. Expedition 1 Name of the expedition: Royal Marines polar quest. * Royal Marine’s polar quest. This expedition is a great example of team effort within a military expedition. The Royal Marines and Navy planned and achieved a 2600Km ski and kiting trek to the South Pole and also a return journey; this took place in November of 2006. The services planned this expedition to break the following records, to be the first public service to reach the South Pole since Captain Robert Scott 1912. Also to be the first British military expedition that includes a return journey to the South Pole and to be the first. Marines to achieve their goals unaided by any other personnel; the military explorers successfully completed the expedition by January 2007 making it the longest in the distance of 2600Km British expedition on record. * The Area of the expedition (location; is it local, regional, national or international) The area off the expedition was in the South Pole. This would be international. * Aims of the expedition (Team building, military, science, exploration, personal development, competition, educational or commercial). The aim off the expedition...
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...PUBIC ADMINISTRATION ASSIGNMENT THE PUBLIC SERVICES AND HOW THEY CAN BE MORE RESPONSIVE TO THE NEEDS OF THEIR CLIENTS. Our choice of public service for discussion shall be centered on the Ghana immigration service: The Ghana immigration service is mandated Under PNDC Law 226 (1989) and are granted the sole mandate to regulate and monitor the entry, residence, employment and the exit of foreigners in Ghana. This mandate was renewed and expanded through the passage of the Immigration Act, 2000 in the administration and governance of their operations they are subject to the laws of the land. Their operational duties are governed or influenced by thirteen domestic legal instruments. They are also subject to interpretations of the numerous international conventions, protocols, directives and accords which the state has ratified. Their mission statement is to build a stronger and better Ghana by operating fair but firm immigration controls that regulates and facilitates the movement of people through Ghana’s borders and efficient, effective residence and work permit systems that meet the social and economic needs of the country. But currently the services lack a migration policy. The basic assumption has been that Ghana is a nation of emigration, whereas in fact it has become a nation absorbing large-scale immigration beyond the scope of controlling legislation to manage. Ghana has limited coherence in its immigration law. It lacks vision and long-term goals and has limited reliable...
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...Jazmin Ramirez PSP 202 Post 1 Public service consists of three different forms: social service, social action and social policy. In the article, 3 Kinds of Public Service Work: Service, Action, Policy, the author states social service "involves working directly with individuals to help improve their lives" as for social action, it does the same except it helps through organizing communities which will create change. Social policy, on the other hand, consists of working for systematic change using the "top down" strategy. Going in depth, social service helps individuals and families deal with emotional, social, physical, and economic problems. It can be done in public agencies, nonprofit organizations, as well as private corporations. In order to serve through the lenses of social service one must have skills in listening, teaching, and counseling. Social action can be viewed as community organizing. "The goal of organizing is to empower and develop local community leadership and to help build a community's capacity to meet its own needs." Some skills needed for social action are interpersonal skills, being able to work with different kinds of people, communication skills, persuasion and organizational skills. Social policy can be done in the public and/or government sector. Although these different forms of public service have different approaches they still have the same outcome, social change. In chapter two, Distinguishing Features of Organizations, the author...
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...Transcript of Positive and negative images of the public services Positive and negative images of the public services FONTS Brutality Corruption Racism Racism has long been a charge leveled at the Public services by the media, for example the Brixton riots in the 80's, stopping and searching black youths in the 1990's or the lack of recruitment of ethnic minority officers. How ever it took the murder of Stephen Lawrence to put the subject on the political and media agenda. Brutality The media shows incidents of the Public services portraying them as if they are using excessive force. Sometimes their claims are unfunded and damage the public perception of the Police. Image of the Public services The public services are portrayed in a variety of different ways by the media. The coverage can be both real, such as Police interceptors or through fictional programs such as Casualty or The Bill. ( And we all know Bradshaw loves The Bill :) A UK study shows that The Sun newspaper dedicates around 30 per cent to crime news. This highlights the time and energy spent on the portrayal of the Public services. Blind obedience The media sometimes choose to portray the public services as lacking discipline and judgement if they blindly obedient when following orders. Blind obedience An example of this was the Hillsborough disaster when West Midlands Police ran their own inquiry into the handling of the disaster by South Yorkshire Police, who orchestrated a cover-up, falsified...
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