Hybrid Structure Systems (Case Study: Nakagin Capsule Tower)

Hybrid structure Definition: Two structure systems with dissimilar mechanics of redirecting forces can be locked together to form a single operational construct with new mechanics.

Our case is a composite of section active and height active structures:
Section-Active Structure systems:

Section active definition: are structure systems of solid rigid linear elements – including their compacted form as slab, in which the redirection of forces is effected through mobilization of sectional forces.

Type of structures: 1. Beam structures 2. Frame structures 3. Beam grid Structure 4. Slab structures

Height-Active Structure systems: (P.288

Height active definition: are structure systems of rigid solid elements in predominantly vertical extension, in which the redirection of forces (the collection and grounding of height loads [story load, wind load]) is effected through typical height resistance composition of elements.

Type of structures: 1. Bay-type Highrise 2. Casing Highrise 3. Core Highrise 4. Bridge HIghrise

Case Study (Nakagin Capsule Tower)

Designed by: Architect Kisho Kurokawa
Built in: 1972
Location: Tokyo – Japan

Building Statics:
Site area: 442m2
Building Area: 430m2
Total Floor Area: 3091m

Structure Details:
Structural steel frame partly encased in concrete Max of 140 capsule units, 11 -13 stories including one basement.

Material:
Cores: are rigid frame, made of a steel frame and reinforced concrete. From the basement to the second floor, ordinary concrete was used. Above those levels, lightweight concrete was used.
Capsules: Exterior: all-welded lightweight steel truss boxes clad in galvanized, rib reinforced steel panels. Panel were coated with rust preventative paint and finished with a coat of kenitex glossy spray.

Systems:
Capsule: Section-active, Slab structure, Box frames, Closed Box Frames

Core: Height-Active, Core highrise, Core combination, casing system, multi-casing tube shaft

Section active Forces: The system members are primarily subjected to bending, (Inner compression, tension and shear [systems in bending]).

Section active Features: Sectional profile and bulk continuity.

Height active Forces: the system members (load transmitters and stabilisators), as a rule are subjected to a complex of diverse and changing forces.

Height active distinctions: load collection, load grounding, and stabilization.