Data Collection and Analysis Grid Use the two articles assigned by your facilitator to identify the following data collection, analysis, and measurement elements for the studies. Limit each box to no more than three sentences.

| Qualitative | Quantitative | Data collection methods | This study was conducted by interview with a limited number of patients presenting to the emergency department with a chief complaint of chest pain over a three month period. The study was a spin off from a quantitative study that existed on the influence of psychosocial factors in patients. In addition, the study was designed to give quality to the numerical values of chest pain patients who were studied. | The goal of the study was to develop a baseline of how many complications there are after cardiac catheterization and after percutaneous coronary intervention. The study was a correlation of 11,119 people. With 4,010 participants the researchers compare the reactions of eptifibatide and a placebo. Nursing interventions were observed after cardiac catheterization and after percutaneous coronary intervention. The researchers took data from the patient’s records between 2001 and 2003 to conclude his or her results. | Data collection instruments | The patients interviewed by conversation consisted of 11 men and eight women. The interviewer asked three main questions of participants in Swedish and let him or her express freely his or her pain experiences. The interviews were recorded and carefully reviewed by the researcher. | Eleven thousand one hundred and nineteen patients were observed; two questions had to be answered: how many incidences of vascular complications were reported after the procedure, and what co-morbidities did the patient have? Eptifibatide and a placebo were used to compare the results. How the procedure was performed, what physicians did the procedure, and the materials used post procedure are all documented and compared to other patients. | Accuracy and reliability of instruments used | Qualitative sample sizes can be small, unlike quantitative sample sizes, if quality information is obtained from participants (Burns & Grove, 2011). Jerlock (2005) asserts the reliability of information obtained from 19 participants was evaluated using a manual qualitative method using strict coding rules to prevent bias. Two domains “pain” and “experience of pain in everyday life” were divided for further content analysis in an effort to maintain accuracy of data (Jerlock, 2005). | This study used retrospective, correlational, and descriptive methods for researching the information. Patients who had cardiac catheterization procedures or percutaneous coronary interventions formed the study sample and were monitored for the study. Both subjective and objective data was obtained while making sure all patient information was being kept confidential. Because of to the protection of patient’s privacy, the accuracy and reliability of variables was slightly limited. | Statistical or analytic methods | A qualitative analytic method was used to analyze participant’s data/content. Jerlock (2005) maintains using a latent and manifest analysis resulted in a comprehensive description of information gathered. The goal of using a qualitative method was to gain insight into the phenomenon of atypical chest pain in patients. | Dumont et al. (2006) used three statistical analyses; the first was descriptive statistics to determine characteristics of the sample. Next an X2test was used to determine significant variables between patients with and without complications. Finally a logistic regression was used to identify significant variables in predicting complications. | Statistical values reported | The results from this study showed all the patients reported fear and anxiety, feeling of uncertainty, feeling of stress, and loss of strength. Overall, 100% felt the chest pain impaired his or her daily life, physically, and mentally. Pain was not related to age, gender, level of physical activity, or level of stress received from his or her profession. | Descriptive statistics showed 2/3rds of the sample were men, 32% were over the age of 70, and the most common co-morbidity was hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The X2results showed increase risk for complications if older than 70 years, being female, history of hypertension, renal failure, and percutaneous coronary intervention. Logistic regression performed following the results of X2test showed the significant predictors for complications are, older than 70 years, female, elevated body mass index (BMI), and history of renal failure. |

References:

Burns, N., & Grove, S.K. (2011). Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice (5th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.

Dumont, C., Keeling, A. W., Bourguignon, C., Sarembock, I. J., & Turner, M. (2006). Predictors of vascular complications post diagnostic cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary interventions. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 25(3), 137. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=6937f41f-a7d7-401f-8b6e-64eaf0d704f1%40sessionmgr15&vid=2&hid=126

Jerlock, M. (2005). Living with unexplained chest pain. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 14(8), 956.Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=c7c45f48-1c85-4336-aaed-a5388cb35d97%40sessionmgr110&vid=2&hid=126

Note. Not all studies contain all of these elements, or the element may be necessary but was not addressed. If the study does not have one of these elements because it was not necessary, simply indicate as N/A in the appropriate box. If the element was included but was not adequately discussed, provide an answer based upon your readings and your understanding of the research study.