...practices from other care professions. Each theory has its own unique and qualifying characteristics. The objective of this paper serves two purposes. The first is to analyze one middle-range nursing theory, (transition theory), demonstrating how its attributes, specifically effective discharge processes are serving to generate beneficial outcomes for both congestive heart failure (CHF) patients at or above the age of 65 and the healthcare system as a whole. The second is demonstrate the advantages of incorporating effective discharge processes into home health care (HHC) nursing practices so that CHF patients 65 and older are better served. To meet these objectives this writer will delineate findings from factual scholarly literature and research studies, while providing existing shortcomings within the HHC this writer works for, in an effort to demonstrate why implementing effective discharge processes within the HHC, would in fact improve outcomes for CHF patients 65 and older. Transition theory clarifies the processes of transition that are involved with passage from one life phase to another involving changes in health that lead-up to a period of vulnerability. Afaf Meleis, transition theory suggests, the characteristics during transition, transition conditions and therapeutic practices are responsible determining if patient outcomes are beneficial or undesirable for the patient (Meleis 2010). Ineffective discharge planning brings with it high health care costs and poor...
Words: 2087 - Pages: 9
...Care Management Model Based on My Philosophy Care Management A shift from encounter based care to continuums of care is one of the biggest changes occurring in health care today. This change is driven by governmental legislation, payer incentives, and the recognized need by providers and healthcare systems. The lack of coordinated care results in medical errors, unnecessary procedures, and other forms of waste. This also creates higher costs for the patient, lower quality, and produces an unsatisfactory patient experience. A study performed by the Midwest Business Group on Health in collaboration with the Juran Institute revealed that 30% of all health care expenses result from poor quality care. In 2009, total health expenditures in the U.S. were $2.5 trillion. This means that $750 billion was the result of poor quality (Ralston & Park, 2011). Care Management Model Based on My Philosophy Case management and clinical pathways are strategies used to manage patient care. Although they use different approaches, both are related. The primary function of a case management program is to enhance the coordination of needed resources for patients and their families. Case managers facilitate access to services, both clinical and non-clinical, by connecting the individuals to resources that support him/her in playing an active role in the self-direction of his/her health care needs. Clinical pathways, on the other hand, are tools and systems. The tool reflects only part of the case...
Words: 1342 - Pages: 6
...Methods, Characteristics, Structure and Early History of Attitude Measurement Scales Abstract: Measurement of attitudes is beneficial in various aspects of day to day life. Business, social and government research often rely on the measurement of respondents attitudes to guide decision and policy making. Specific research designs and methods are required to ensure useful and valid quantitative data are end results of attitude research projects. Ground breaking researchers in the field of Sociology and Psychology developed the first reliable attitude research and scaling techniques over 50 years ago that are still in use today. An “attitude” is a theoretical entity constructed to characterize certain underlying response tendencies (Arul, 2012). As a hypothetical concept, attitudes cannot be measured directly. Any attempt to measure them “can only be inferential in nature: that is, we can only study behavior which is reasonably assumed to indicate the attitudes to be measured and quantify these indications so as to get an idea of how much individuals or groups differ in their psychological orientations toward a particular object or issue” (Arul, 2012, pg. 1). Attitudes have three components: affective, cognitive, and behavioral (Zikmund, Babin, Carr, Griffin, 2013). The affective part refers to person’s general feelings or sentiments toward an object. Put another way, a person’s attitudes are driven directly by their beliefs or thoughts. This cognitive...
Words: 4486 - Pages: 18
...Quantitative and Qualitative Quantitative and Qualitative Research The purpose of this paper is a comprehensive comparison of quantitative vs. qualitative research techniques for MBA 5210 Business Statistics. The paper will weigh the relative merits and demerits of each providing interpretation of the potential applications of qualitative and quantitative research to various fields of study as per the requirements of the paper. Qualitative and Quantitative Overview Researchers have long debated the relative merits quantitative vs. qualitative research techniques have to offer field researchers. It is important that one understand the implications of each in order to weigh the relative importance and relevance of each to the field. Qualitative and quantitative methods have a long history of providing researchers with information regarding specific events, phenomena and subjects. The primary difference between the two forms of investigation is the methods each employs to uncover the ‘reality’ behind a given situation. These separate realities are explored below. Benz & Newman (1998) suggest that qualitative and quantitative research methods align in a continuum. Qualitative research derives its foundation in naturalistic philosophy, whereas quantitative research focuses on positivistic philosophy (Benz & Newman, 1998). Qualitative research is more likely to adopt an individual phenomenological perspective, whereas quantitative approaches tend to emphasize...
Words: 1860 - Pages: 8
...Continuum of Care Presentation Annotated Bibliography Stephanie E Whitfield HCS/235 November 16, 2015 George Fisher Continuum of Care Presentation Annotated Bibliography Clemens-Cope, Lisa and Kenney, Genevieve. (2007). Low Income Parents' Reports of Communication Problems with Health Care Providers: Effects of Language and Insurance. Public Health Reports, 122, 206-216. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1820424/?tool=pubmed The research article discusses a study about parental reports of communication problems with health care providers, focusing on low-income families. The researchers use literature and quantitative analysis as the primary methods in their study, and they analyze data from the 1999 and 2002 National Survey of America's Families. The results show that 24.4% of low income parents reported poor communication with health care providers, and foreign-born parents were 11.8% more likely to report communication problems than American-born parents. The authors advise using professional translating services in hospitals and clinics to reduce communication barriers and improve health care. Flores, Glenn. Language Barriers to Health Care in the United States. The New England Journal of Medicine. Volume 355:229-231 (July 20, 2006), Number 3. http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/355/3/229 This article discusses the grave medical miscommunications and the increased incidence of adverse clinical consequences that occur...
Words: 958 - Pages: 4
...benefit properly from the findings. The most important concept is to understand if the study is Quantitative or Qualitative in design. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the differences in these two designs by using examples of each to describe. By evaluating each paper and including topics such as the strength of the research question, the strength of the methodology, correct or incorrect sample type and size, appropriate data analysis, complete discussion of findings, and implication for nursing practice and practability of implementation a pattern will appear revealing the likes and differences of the two types of studies. The findings indicate both quantitative and qualitative studies are crucial in the development of scientific research. By incorporating these in the scientific field of research, nursing will continue to grow and evolve. . Comparison Paper The advancement of nursing research has led to evidence-based practice in nursing which in turn leads to positive patient care outcome. Nursing research plays an integral role in nursing education. The 21st century has revolutionized nursing in theoretical and practical aspects of nursing. New innovative ideas are needed for the continuum of nursing. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast a qualitative research study on the implications of missed nursing care and quantitative research on the effectiveness of physical activity counseling for older women. These articles...
Words: 1724 - Pages: 7
...perceptions of a problem Identifying relevant interventions Investigating feasibility, acceptability & appropriateness of solutions Developing suitable information, education & communication Complementing quantitative data by helping to interpret it Designing more valid survey instruments 3 4 Qualitative techniques not based on numbers Accrual of large amounts of information about a few cases (people, organisations, facilities, programmes, locations) Data used: when the focus of the research is on meaning and feelings (although these can also be studied quantitatively) when working inductively when the researcher accepts that the concepts, terms and issues must be defined by the subjects and not by the researcher in advance when interaction between members of a group is of interest. Research problem Concept Concept Concept 5 Inductively developed theory 6 1 4/02/2015 “Qualitative researchers believe that since humans are conscious of their own behaviour, the thoughts, feelings and perceptions of their informants are vital” (Burns‟, 2000). The…. “methods used by qualitative researchers exemplify a common belief that they can provide a „deeper‟ understanding of social phenomena than would be obtained from purely quantitative data” (Silverman, 2000) One...
Words: 2131 - Pages: 9
...Colombian Exposition, nursing leaders worldwide were provided a podium to work together to organize and establish the globalization of nursing education and standardize the nursing curriculum to improve patient care worldwide. In collaboration and discussion on the evidence based practices of Florence Nightingale and on the current nursing developments and improvements of social, cultural, educational and scientific advancements in healthcare for the expansion of a more unified practice of the nursing profession nationally and internationally based on a theoretical path of deductive reasoning, a quantitative approach. American and European nursing leaders: Isabel Hampton (Robb), Lavinia Dock, Eva Lückes, and Ethel Bedford Fenwick (Crane 2010), were given the opportunity to influence and provide guidance to sanction the evolution of nursing education processes for the development toward the progression of second generation of nursing. As a result of this event, the nursing profession has become one of the most respected professions devoted to health promotion for the benefit of mankind. This paper will explore the development of how clinical expertise developed, and by what methodologies influence the development nursing education, clinical guidelines, and best practices for patient care and evidence-based nursing practice in the campaign of the nursing profession. The method and research design utilized in this journal article is data analysis. An analysis was conducted on the 31 collected...
Words: 881 - Pages: 4
...housing, “housing costs have risen steadily across the country, and they have skyrocketed in many areas. Further, the inability to afford housing is concentrated among households with incomes below the poverty level, whose members account for the vast majority of people entering homelessness” (Burt, 2001). The growing gap between wage earnings and the cost of housing leaves millions of families and individuals unable to make ends meet. Low income is also an economic issue, many low and minimum wage workers cannot afford food and shelter. It can be said wages for the lowest income workers have not kept pace with the increase in living costs. This leaves the lowest income workers unable to afford necessities such as house, food and medical care. Which brings another factor, lack of affordable medical...
Words: 3289 - Pages: 14
...History of Communication Studies * Communication Science Approach * Empirical * Preferred Methods * Quantitative v. Qualitative * Types of Methods * Hypothesis * Research Question * Theory * Taxonomy * Goals of Theory * Description * Explanation * Prediction * Cultural Understanding * Reform * Criteria for evaluating research * Scope * Appropriateness * Heuristic Value * Validity * Parsimony * Openness * Utility * Reform * Key Differences in Early Models of Communication * Hypodermic Needle: Media watchers are directly effected by the media content * Lazarsfeld’s Response: Disaproved the idea * Later Models of Communication * The media does not directly effect the people, it affects others who influence others * Influence leaders: People who care a message * Wilbur Schramm’s Model of Communication: sender and reciever * Transactional Model of Communication: Both participants do both roles. More dynamic * Perception * Cognitive Schemas * Implicit associations * Self image * Self Concept * Self-fulfilling prophecies * Looking glass self * Impression formation * Gestalt process * Algebraic/Continuum process * Fundamental Attribution Error * Moving past mis-perceptions * Functions of verbal communication ...
Words: 560 - Pages: 3
...Why the code of ethics is used, how it is used, and when it is used will be examined. This writer will modify if need be, how to modify the code of ethics and implement the change, employees reaction to the change, the effect the code has on the organization will be outlined. This writer will summarize the results of inquiry into the code of ethics of the organization Every organization operates by an ethical system. Catholic Health Services is an organization of the Archdiocese of Miami and the largest post acute provider in the southeast United States. Catholic Health Services provides a full continuum of health care and social services to the southeast Florida community. This association serves about 6,000 people daily with more than 7,500 new patients per year and operates 30 facilities in Broward and Miami-Dade counties (CHS, 2011). CHS mission statement is “To provide health care and services to those in need, to minimize human suffering, to assist people to wholeness , and to nurture an awareness of their relationship with God” (Catholic Health Services, 2011 para. 1). CHS operates by virtue-based ethics. Virtue-based ethics focuses on the good in a person by actions. Virtue is determined by community principles or religious training. It is the highest standard available. In virtue-based ethics,...
Words: 1288 - Pages: 6
...10 Qualitative Research Methods in Psychology Deborah Biggerstaff Warwick Medical School University of Warwick, Coventry UK 1. Introduction In the scientific community, and particularly in psychology and health, there has been an active and ongoing debate on the relative merits of adopting either quantitative or qualitative methods, especially when researching into human behaviour (Bowling, 2009; Oakley, 2000; Smith, 1995a, 1995b; Smith, 1998). In part, this debate formed a component of the development in the 1970s of our thinking about science. Andrew Pickering has described this movement as the “sociology of scientific knowledge” (SSK), where our scientific understanding, developing scientific ‘products’ and ‘know-how’, became identified as forming components in a wider engagement with society’s environmental and social context (Pickering, 1992, pp. 1). Since that time, the debate has continued so that today there is an increasing acceptance of the use of qualitative methods in the social sciences (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000; Morse, 1994; Punch, 2011; Robson, 2011) and health sciences (Bowling, 2009; Greenhalgh & Hurwitz, 1998; Murphy & Dingwall, 1998). The utility of qualitative methods has also been recognised in psychology. As Nollaig Frost (2011) observes, authors such as Carla Willig and Wendy Stainton Rogers consider qualitative psychology is much more accepted today and that it has moved from “the margins to the mainstream in psychology in the UK.” (Willig & Stainton...
Words: 16075 - Pages: 65
...The aim of this assignment is to explore a needs orientated approach to care planning. Establishing the needs and support required by patients, this is then to be delivered by members of the multi-disciplinary team (MDT), on a holistic level. The relationship between the nursing process in conjunction with the nursing model of Roper, Logan and Tierney (RLT) Activities of living (AL’s) will be looked at in detail, exploring what a problem solving approach and nursing models are with discussions of the strengths and limitations of this relationship. Using the needs orientated approach, I have formulated a care plan for fictitious individual, Annie Laine to support my discussions. (See appendix 1). The nursing process is defined as a problem solving approach which was introduced by Yura and Walsh in 1967, their initial idea was to attempt to guide nursing practice away from intuition and therefore provide care towards a structured systematic patient-centred approach, which is individualised and evidence based. The nursing process comprises of four stages which are, Assessment, Planning, Implementation and Evaluation, often referred to as APIE. (Yura & Walsh 1978). When using this process it is important to remember these stages are interrelated and are dependent on each other offering the information that will lead to and direct to the next stage establishing holistic care. (Barrett, Wilson & Woollands 2009). Laxade & Hale (1995) suggests that the nursing process was initially misunderstood...
Words: 4051 - Pages: 17
...it" retrieved from Resource January 28, 2006. Before Pat had informed Chris of the issues that the hospital faces, she was on top of the world even though it was Monday morning and raining. She was just engaged on Saturday will be graduating University of Phoenix on the following Saturday and will also be starting her new position as an executive assistant so there was nothing that can come her way that would let her down. Framing the problem The problem that Faith Hospital is dealing with is the decline of belief's and spiritual values towards the hospitals missions' statement. The hospitals mission states that the "mission is to promote the health and well-being of the people in the communities we serve through a comprehensive continuum of services provided in collaboration with the partners who share the same vision and values." retrieved from Resource January 28, 2006. According to Chris, there are fewer community members and partners that know what the hospital's missions...
Words: 1768 - Pages: 8
...Risk-Based Inspection API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 580 SECOND EDITION, NOVEMBER 2009 --``,,,,,``,,`,``,``,`````````,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- --``,,,,,``,,`,``,``,`````````,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- Risk-Based Inspection Downstream Segment --``,,,,,``,,`,``,``,`````````,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 580 SECOND EDITION, NOVEMBER 2009 Special Notes API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed. API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations under local, state, or federal laws. Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety datasheet. Neither API nor any of API’s employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assigns make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or utility of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication, or represent that its used would...
Words: 21683 - Pages: 87
