...Clash of Cultures Ryan Westlie HIS/110 Clash of Cultures The Deerfield Massacre was a blood moment in history. Deerfield became fallout from Queen Anne’s War which lasted from 1702-1713. This was the second French and Indian war fought between France and England. Like most of the wars fought on American soil before it was the country we know today, land was the interest of the conflict. Native Americans played a significant role in these conflicts, and on February 29th 1704 the war found its way into Deerfield Massachusetts. Deerfield was an English settlement that housed men, women, and children. This small village was no stranger to raids. A little more than twenty five years earlier Deerfield was evacuated after several attacks that almost killed all the adult males in the village. The English and local tribes clashed several times over the years. Losses on all side, including the French whom had started small attacks around the areas with the Indians. Deerfield was on high alert, knowing that there would be retaliation. Though they never though that an attack would happen during the hard winter like it did. In fact, the local militia was order to return home because it was thought winter was not the time for warfare. The leader of the raid a loyal Frenchman called Jean-Baptiste Hertel de Rouville, had a force of about 250 combatants. Mostly Indian, forty eight of them were French. After taking on an additional thirty to forty Penacook Indians, they numbered...
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...Queen Ann's War, which lasted from 1702 to 1713, was the second of the four North American wars that were waged by the British and the French between 1689 and 1763. This was a direct result of the global maritime and colonial rivalry between Great Britain and France. In addition, it was also a result of the struggles between these two forces for control of the Europeans and North American continents. Queen Ann's War occurred because of unresolved issues that developed at the end of King William's War, from 168 to 1697. The main events that occurred during Queen Ann's War were the capture and the burning of Saint Augustine by English colonies in 1701. During this time, St. Augustine was under Spanish possession. A major French operation was the capture and the burning of Deerfield, Massachusetts and the massacre of many of residents of the town in 1704. 1 What followed these operations were unsuccessful expeditions in 1704 and 1707 by the troops from New England against Port Royal, Acadia and the conquest of Arcadia in 1710 by colonist that were supported by a squadron of British ships.2 One major operation that was a failure by the British was a joint venture by the British and the colonial joint military against Quebec and Montreal. When the war ended in 1713, it brought an end to the War of the Spanish Succession. Walker's Expedition to Quebec was also referred to as the Quebec Expedition. This was an attempt by the British to attack Quebec in 1711 during Queen Ann's...
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...The Colonial wars was a bunch of wars that stretched from 1689 until 1763. Many different parties were represented in the wars. Among them were Britain, France, Spain, and various Native American tribes. All of these parties fought to retain control of the Colonies in North America. The Colonial wars can be broken down into four wars; King William's War, which started in 1689 and ended in 1697, Queen Anne's War, which went from 1702 until 1711, King George's War, which went from 1744 until 1748, and The French and Indian War, which started in 1754 and ended in 1763. King William's War, the first of the Colonial Wars chronologically, was a war between the English and French. The main cause of the war was because neither country wanted to give up their land in the newly settled America. The French struck first, along with the Wabanaki Confederacy, and attacked several english colonies in the New York and New England areas. The English repelled the attacks with the aid of the Iroquois tribe and then countered by attacking Port Royal. The English took Port Royal under the leadership of Sir William Phips. Then the war consisted mainly of small raids, skirmishes, and various missions to pilage small colonies on both sides until the battle of Quebec came along. The battle of Quebec was the largest battle of the war where the English attacked the city of Quebec with over 2,000 men. The attack was repelled by the French and lead to the Treaty of Ryswick being signed in 1697...
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...Clash of Cultures: The Deerfield Massacre Queen Anne’s War, was a second in a series of wars fought between Great Britain and France in North America for control of the continent. Twelve years of fighting between the Spanish in Florida, the French in the North American interior, the English on the coast, and different Native American tribes, that aligned themselves with one group or another, finally came to an end with an English victory. This success gave the English a base on the Hudson Bay, furthering their expansion into North American. It also, brought into play a period of relative peace in Europe that allowed France and England to increase their hold on positions in the New World. However over time the increasing strengths of the economic and social qualities of the English colonies would eventually threaten the French further. The raid of Deerfield, a western outpost of Massachusetts, was one of the bloodiest events of Queen Anne’s War. The raid took place February 29, 1704. Deerfield was a tiny frontier settlement, and was well aware of the fight between the French and English for control of the North American continent. Precautionary measures were taken and the people stayed within the town’s tall wooden walls, along with the group of twenty militia men sent by the governors of Connecticut and Massachusetts. These militia men arrived and settled in on February 24, 1704. This brought the total of Deerfield’s population to about 291 people. However prepared...
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...The Women of Shakespeare's Richard III Margaret, Elizabeth, Anne, Duchess of Warwick Yorkshire Rose from a public domain image In his play, Richard III, Shakespeare draws on historical facts about several historical women to tell his story. Their emotional reactions reinforce that Richard the villain is the logical conclusion of many years of intrafamily conflict and family politics. The Wars of the Roses was about different branches of the Plantagenet family and a few other closely-related families fighting each other -- often to the death. These women have lost husbands, sons, fathers -- or will by the end of the play. Most have been pawns in the marriage game, but nearly all of them who are depicted have had some direct influence on the politics. Margaret (Margaret of Anjou) led armies. Queen Elizabeth (Elizabeth Woodville) promoted her own family's fortunes, making her responsible for the enmity she earned. The Duchess of York (Cecily Neville) and her brother (Warwick, the Kingmaker) were angry enough when Elizabeth married Edward that Warwick changed his support to Henry VI, and the Duchess left court and had little contact with her son, Edward, before his death. Anne Neville's marriages linked her first with the Lancastrian heir apparent and then with a Yorkist heir. Even little Elizabeth (Elizabeth of York) by her very existence holds power: once her brothers, the "Princes in the Tower," are dispatched, the king who marries her has locked up a tighter claim on the...
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...and People to Know 1. Huguenots: a type of religion that was mainly based on France. During the 1800’s wars between Roman Catholics and Protestant Huguenots resulted in the deaths of over 10,000 people, it was named Bartholomew’s Day. 2. Edict of Nantes: a document issued by the crown in 1598, which granted limited toleration to French Protestants. Religious wars in France stopped and it became that strongest country in all Europe. 3. Couriers de bois: “runner of the woods” the French fur trappers that traveled across the U.S in search of beavers. 4. Voyagers: French travelers that recruited Indians into the fur trading business. There were trading posts all across the United States and Canada. 5. King Williams’ War: a war in which the English and French fought each other with Indian allies. (1689-97) 6.Queen Anne’s War: a war between the early English and French settlers. (1702- 13) 7. War of Jenkins’ Ear: broke out in 1739 between the British and the Spaniards. It was confirmed to the Caribbean Seas and the buffer colony of Georgia. 8. King George’s War: was also known as the War of Austrian succession in Europe. During the war France allied with Spain and went against English. 9. Acadians: a group from France that settled in the Northeastern part of North America. The British conquered them in 1713. 10. French and Indian War: also known as the Seven Years’ War started off by George Washington and the wilds of Ohio Valley in 1754. It was fought in the seven seas...
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...Various Native American groups originally called the Bogue Banks home prior to the late 1800s, when settlers came to the North Carolina coast. Many different historical sites such as Fort Macon, site of a major battle in the Civil War and the Cape Lookout National Seashore, home to the Cape Lookout Lighthouse offers a glimpse of the the rich history of Crystal Coast as a player in the the Revolutionary War and Civil War. Major historical actors in the region included pirates and pioneers, and the Crystal Coast was a notorious stomping ground for the infamous pirate Blackbeard, whose flagship Queen Anne’s Revenge wrecked on the shoals of Bogue...
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...Three european powers came to the Americas between 1580 and 1763. These three countries all were different, but did have a few similarities. British, French, and Spanish empires were all on a quest to obtain wealth and commerce that the “New World” could supply. All three used ideas within imperialism to achieve these goals. The differences between the three countries were the types of goods extracted, religious goals, relationships with the natives. With ambitions to extract all the raw materials in North America, tensions grew within the three countries. British imperialist goals in the New World was to secure as much material as possible. One of the major resources that the British took advantage of was lumber. This lumber was used to make...
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...the United States of America. England, during the 18th Century, relied heavily upon military presence. This military power allowed them to infiltrate colonies as a consumer society allowing prosperity for many classes. They pathed the way for colonists to unite with England, and set many styles, religious and otherwise, that the colonists emulated. The British, although living and working side by side with the colonists still considered themselves superior. During the Seven Years War, Britain gained control over trade and authority over the North American continent east of the Mississippi River, which included French Canada with the Treaty of Paris...
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...The British taxing the colonist following the end of the French and Indian war convinced Americans that the English constitution was corrupt. Many things led to the colonist to believe they were underneath the rule of a Robinarch, King Gorge III. Colonist believed they were being watched and taxed for things they did not need to be. Especially, since they were being taxed without representation. The colonist also felt as if they never received the assistance needed during the French and Indian wars making them very resentful. King George III did many things to make colonist believe that he was a Robinarch. George showed all symptoms of being a Robinarch. He fought expensive wars to keep people afraid and under control. King George III fought a series of unnecessary wars such as King William’s War, Queen Anne’s War, King George’s War, and the French and Indian War (The Colonial Wars), Assesses high taxes without popular consent to pay for these wars such as the Sugar Act of 1764, the Stamp Act, and Townshend duties. Americans didn’t like the idea of taxation without representation. Stephen Hopkins wrote a pamphlet to protest to the British government because he strongly believed that the colonies should not be taxed without representation. The next thing King George III did to make Americans believe he was a Robinarch was Promote worthless men to high public post. For example promoting Thomas Hutchinson, he was completely worthless to most Americans. During this time the colonies...
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...Over the course of 7 years (1689-1697), the tension between between France, Spain and England grew and caused the first worldwide war; in order to gain control over the West Indies, Canada and the trade in the English colonies.The Native Americans were being driven away because the English needed more land for plantations and ports. King William’s War, was provoked because the English were expanding rapidly and the Natives were being pushed out and weren't strong enough to fight against the Europeans because they lacked the weapon technology and they also had suffered a demographic change due to illness. The Natives who were supplied by the French, burned down English settlements. The English corresponded with what is called Queen Anne’s War, winning Nova Scotia and trading rights in Spanish America. The third and last war was King George’s War when they beat France, obtaining Louisburg, then exchanging it for economic gains in India, which made the Colonist furious. After the French-Indian war, the relationship between English and the Colonist shifted because of the enforced taxation and...
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...Anne Hathaway Anne Hathaway was born November 12, 1982. She was born in Brooklyn, New York. Anne’s parent were a lawyer and an actress. She grew up in Millburn, New Jersey. Anne started becoming interested in acting at a very young age. She became the first and only teenager accepted to The Barrow Group. The Barrow Group is a theater company and acting school in New York City. In 1999, Anne got her big break. She played a role in a television series Get Real. From this acting, she received a Teen Choice Award nomination for best actress in a drama. Now she has taken the role that made her famous. In a movie The Princess Diaries, Anne played a role that made everyone finally notice her. This film did so well in the box office. Anne...
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...Chapter 6: The Dual for North America Facts: * England, France, and Spain (Old World nations) were all competing for the North American continent. Native American peoples were also competing. * 1688-1763: Four wars convulsed Europe and the New World for domination. The American people were unable to stay out of a single war. The Seven Years’ War in Europe, sometimes as the French and Italian War in America, set the stage for America’s independence. * France was convulsed during the 1500s by foreign wars and domestic strife, including the clashes between Catholics and Protestant Huguenots. On St. Bartholomew’s Day, 1572, over ten thousand Huguenots were butchered in cold blood. * In 1608, after finding Jamestown, the permanent beginnings of a vast empire were established at Québec, a granite sentinel commanding the St. Lawrence River. * France earned the lasting enmity of the Iroquois tribes, hampered French penetration of the Ohio Valley, ravaging French settlements and serving as allies of the British in the struggle for supremacy on the continent. * The government of New France (Canada) fell direct control of the king after commercial companies had failed or faltered. The people elected no representative assemblies and they didn’t enjoy the right to trial by jury as in the English colonies. * Landowning French peasants, unlike the English tenant farmers who embarked for the British colonies, had little economic motive to move. Protestant Huguenots...
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...The original inhabitants of the territory that is now Maine were Algonquian-speaking Wabanaki peoples including the Abenaki, Passamaquoddy, Maliseet and Penobscot. European contact with what is now called Maine starts around year 1200 when Norwegians interacted with the native Penobscot in present-day Hancock County, most likely through trade. About 200 years earlier, from the settlements of Iceland and Greenland, Norwegians had discovered America and attempted to settle areas such as Newfoundland, but failed. However, evidence suggests that Norwegians in Greenland returned to North America for several centuries after the initial discovery to collect timber, the most relevant evidence regarding Maine being the Maine Penny. The first European settlement in Maine was in 1604 on Saint Croix Island, by Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons, including Samuel de Champlain, the noted explorer. The French named the entire area Acadia, including the portion that later became the state of Maine. The first English settlement in Maine was established by the Plymouth Company at Popham in 1607, the same year as the settlement at Jamestown, Virginia. The Popham colonists returned to England after 14 months. Two Jesuit missions were established by the French: one on Penobscot Bay in 1609, and the other on Mount Desert Island in 1613. The same year, Castine was established by Claude de La Tour. In 1625, Charles de Saint-Étienne de la Tour erected Fort Pentagouet to protect Castine. The coastal areas...
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...England granted and gave legitimacy to each colony’s charter. Each had a royal governor. Each created their political and social institutions based on British principles. In general North American colonists admired the British constitution and were proud to call themselves Englishmen. Several English wars resulted in bloodshed in America: Queen Anne’s War, King George’s War, and the French and Indian War. Rebellions also occurred occasionally, e.g. Bacon’s Rebellion. Taking into account all of this, the American colonies prospered under British rule and existed in relative peace and harmony with their mother country. Beginning after the end of the French and Indian War, the status quo began to change. In the thirteen years from 1763 to 1776 Americans went from content British citizens to rebels fighting for independence. Because Americans were able to evolve their own ideas about the natural rights of men, adopt their own philosophy on government, establish their own political institutions, and build a robust economy while Britain had a hands off approach to governing them, great tensions arose when Britain tried to assert more centralized control - tensions that eventually led to the war for independence....
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