...the preparation of this manual. Chapter 1 Introduction to Supply Chain Management Discussion Questions Question 1 Pick any car model manufactured by a domestic auto maker. For example, consider the 2002 Ford Thunderbird. a. The supply chain for a car typically includes the following components: 1. Suppliers for raw materials 2. Suppliers for parts and subsystems 3. Automobile manufacturer (Ford, in this example). Within a company, there are also different departments, which constitute the internal supply chain: i. Purchasing and material handing ii. Manufacturing iii. Marketing, etc. 4. Transportation providers 5. Automobile dealers b. Many Þrms are involved in the supply chain. 1. Raw material suppliers. For instance, suppliers for steel, rubber, plastics, etc. 2. Parts suppliers. For instance, suppliers for engines, steering wheels, seats, and electronic components, etc. 3. Automobile manufacturer. For instance, Ford. 4. Transportation providers. For instance, shippers, trucking companies, railroads, etc. 5. Automobile dealers. For example, Hayward Ford. c. All companies involved in the supply chain want to maximize their respective proÞts by increasing revenue and decreasing cost. However, companies may employ different 2 strategies in order to achieve this goal. Some of them focus on customer satisfaction and quick delivery, while others may be more concerned about minimizing inventory holding costs. d. In general, different parts of the supply chain have objectives...
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...preparation of this manual. Chapter 1 Introduction to Supply Chain Management Discussion Questions Question 1 Pick any car model manufactured by a domestic auto maker. For example, consider the 2002 Ford Thunderbird. a. The supply chain for a car typically includes the following components: 1. Suppliers for raw materials 2. Suppliers for parts and subsystems 3. Automobile manufacturer (Ford, in this example). Within a company, there are also different departments, which constitute the internal supply chain: i. Purchasing and material handing ii. Manufacturing iii. Marketing, etc. 4. Transportation providers 5. Automobile dealers b. Many Þrms are involved in the supply chain. 1. Raw material suppliers. For instance, suppliers for steel, rubber, plastics, etc. 2. Parts suppliers. For instance, suppliers for engines, steering wheels, seats, and electronic components, etc. 3. Automobile manufacturer. For instance, Ford. 4. Transportation providers. For instance, shippers, trucking companies, railroads, etc. 5. Automobile dealers. For example, Hayward Ford. c. All companies involved in the supply chain want to maximize their respective proÞts by increasing revenue and decreasing cost. However, companies may employ different 2 strategies in order to achieve this goal. Some of them focus on customer satisfaction and quick delivery, while others may be more concerned about minimizing inventory holding costs. d. In general, different parts of the supply chain...
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...Home Work Chapter 1 to 12 Book Reference: Simchi-Levi, D., Kaminsky, P., and Simchi-Levi, E., & (2008). Designing and managing the supply chain: Concepts, strategies, and cases (3rd edition). United-States: McGraw-Hill. Excel sheet: Student Name: Shaheen Sardar Department: Industrial and Management Engineering, Hanyang University, South Korea. Home Work 1 Chapter 1: Introduction to Supply Chain Management Problem 1: Consider the supply chain for a domestic automobile. a. What are the components of the supply chain for the automobile? b. What are the different firms involved in the supply chain? c. What are the objectives of these firms? d. Provide examples of conflicting objectives in this supply chain. e. What are the risks that rare or unexpected events pose to this supply chain? Answer: a. The supply chain for a car typically includes the following components:: 1. Suppliers for raw materials 2. Suppliers for parts and subsystems 3. Automobile manufacturer (Ford, in the example). Within a company, there are also different departments, which constitute the internal supply chain: i. Purchasing and material handling ii. Manufacturing iii. Marketing, etc. 4. Transportation providers 5. Automobile dealers b. Many firms are involved in the supply chain. 6. Raw material suppliers. For instance, suppliers for steel, rubber,...
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...Working Capital Management in a Post-Recession Environment: The View from Europe A report prepared by CFO Research Services in collaboration with The Royal Bank of Scotland TM Working Capital Management in a Post-Recession Environment: The View from Europe A report prepared by CFO Research Services in collaboration with The Royal Bank of Scotland TM Working Capital Management in a Post-Recession Environment: The View from Europe Contents Executive summary Cash, liquidity and credit during an uncertain recovery Pursuing improvements in working capital An opportunity to expand the toolkit Investing in working capital improvements Conclusion Sponsor’s perspective 2 3 5 7 11 12 13 © 2010 CFO PUBLISHING LLC SEPTEMBER 2010 1 Working Capital Management in a Post-Recession Environment: The View from Europe Executive summary In June and July of 2010, CFO Research Services (a unit of CFO Publishing LLC) conducted an electronic survey among senior finance executives representing mid-size to large companies in Europe. Our goal was to understand finance executives’ concerns with working capital management in the wake of global recession, as well as their plans for improving working capital performance. We asked finance executives a series of questions about the impact that the recession had on their working capital management, which areas of working capital their companies would focus on during the course of economic recovery and whom their companies worked...
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...Economic Tradeoffs of Substituting Transportation for Inventory in the Department of Defense - A Case Study of Pipeline ReductionBy H. Don Taylor Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in ECONOMICS APPROVED: _____________________ Dr. Roger Waud _____________________ Dr. Nancy A. Wentzler _____________________ Dr. Brian Reid ____________________ Dr. Tom Lutton 1998 Blacksburg (Northern Virginia Campus), Virginia Keywords: Transportation, Inventory, Tradeoff, Simulation Economic Tradeoffs of Substituting Transportation for Inventory in the Department of Defense: A Case Study of Pipeline Reduction- H. Don Taylor {Abstract} This thesis identifies the potential net economic gains from substituting less costly transit for relatively costly parts inventory through pipeline reduction. The analysis considers long run steady state economic implications of adjusting the current mix of inventory investments and transportation expenses. The scope of the analysis is focused on a case study of Department of Defense (DoD) parts inventories within the US. The inventory scope is limited to high cost low priority, non-mission critical, replenishment parts (engines, electronics, assemblies and components, etc.). The study uses baseline data collected over 9 months from over 200 inventory sites on thousands of parts. Pipeline reductions...
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...Int. J. Production Economics 147 (2014) 230–238 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Int. J. Production Economics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijpe Defining value chain architectures: Linking strategic value creation to operational supply chain design Matthias Holweg a, Petri Helo b,n a b Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, UK Department of Production, Faculty of Technology, University of Vaasa, Finland art ic l e i nf o Article history: Received 31 May 2012 Accepted 13 June 2013 Available online 28 June 2013 Keywords: Value chain Supply chain management Operations strategy a b s t r a c t Over the past three decades scholars have developed comprehensive insights into the operational and strategic aspect of designing and managing the supply chain. Reviewing this ample body of knowledge however one cannot help but notice a persistent disunion between the “value chain” view that considers aspects of value creation and appropriation, and the operational “supply chain” view that considers strategies and tools for designing and operating efficient inter-firm networks. Commonly these views do not interact: value creation has the aim of capturing the maximum value-added in financial terms, the supply chain view aims for designing operationally efficient supply chains. In contrast to their treatise within the academic literature, from a practical point of view these two aspects are both necessary (and thus in their own right insufficient)...
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...2012 Students: These sample questions were pulled from last year’s exam. Note that not all the material covered to this point matches up with what I did last year. Hence some material below may be unfamiliar to you. However, these are reasonably representative of the type of questions you are likely to see. 1.Financial accounting a) provides useful information primarily for external decision makers. b) is required for corporations but probably would not be done by other business entities. c) provides information primarily for the use of managers of the company. d) has been practiced in this country for approximately the last 15 years. 2. The Financial Accounting Standards Board employs a "due process" system for making GAAP. This process… a. is an efficient system for collecting dues from members. b. enables interested parties to express their views on issues under consideration. c. establishes new standards based only on FASB board members’ discussions. d. requires that all accountants must receive a copy of financial standards. 3. A decrease in net assets arising from peripheral or incidental transactions is called a(n) a. capital expenditure. b. cost. c. loss. d. expense. 4. An accounting record into which the essential facts and figures are posted when it is time to make the financials is called the a. general ledger. b. cash flow statement. c. trial balance. d. general journal. e. Major General. 5. If, during an accounting period...
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...Chapter 1 Course 7: Mergers & Acquisitions (Part 1) Prepared by: Matt H. Evans, CPA, CMA, CFM Basic Concepts Mergers and acquisitions represent the ultimate in change for a business. No other event is more difficult, challenging, or chaotic as a merger and acquisition. It is imperative that everyone involved in the process has a clear understanding of how the process works. Hopefully this short course will provide you with a better appreciation of what is involved. You might be asking yourself, why do I need to learn the merger and acquisition (M & A) process? Well for starters, mergers and acquisitions are now a normal way of life within the business world. In today's global, competitive environment, mergers are sometimes the only means for long-term survival. In other cases, such as Cisco Systems, mergers are a strategic component for generating long-term growth. Additionally, many entrepreneurs no longer build companies for the long-term; they build companies for the short-term, hoping to sell the company for huge profits. In her book The Art of Merger and Acquisition Integration, Alexandra Reed Lajoux puts it best: Virtually every major company in the United States today has experienced a major acquisition at some point in history. And at any given time, thousands of these companies are adjusting to post-merger reality. For example, so far in the decade of the 1990's (through June 1997), 96,020 companies have come under new ownership worldwide in deals worth a...
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...An Analysis of Sources of Risk in the Consumer Electronics Industry ManMohan S. Sodhi Cass Business School Seongha Lee Samsung Forthcoming, JORS (2007) ABSTRACT: The consumer electronics industry is a $ 240 billion global industry with a small number of highly competitive global players. We describe many of the risks associated with any global supply chain in this industry. As illustration, we also list steps that Samsung Electronics and its subsidiary, Samsung Electronics UK, have taken to mitigate these risks. Our description of the risks and illustration of mitigation efforts provides the backdrop to identify areas of future research. INTRODUCTION In supply chain management, there is much discussion on risks related to such aspects of supply chains as short product lifecycles, keen competition combined with cooperation, and globalization. The consumer electronics industry is the very embodiment of these aspects of supply chain management and related risks. While some of the supply- and demand-related risks are similar to such industries as the toy industry (Johnson 2001), the consumer electronics industry faces additional risks due to its vertically integrated supply chains. This article seeks to provide a starting point for understanding supply chain risk in this industry through examples from this industry as well as related ones like computers and mobile phones. To illustrate the mitigation of these risks, we list steps that Samsung Electronics and its subsidiary...
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...Harvard University, Boston, MA 02163, USA Kellogg Graduate School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA Received 21 January 2000; received in revised form 31 January 2001 a Abstract We review research from the 1990s that examines the determinants and consequences of accounting choice, structuring our analysis around the three types of market imperfections that influence managers’ choices: agency costs, information asymmetries, and externalities affecting non-contracting parties. We conclude that research in the 1990s made limited progress in expanding our understanding of accounting choice because of limitations in research design and a focus on replication rather than extension of current knowledge. We discuss opportunities for future research, recommending the exploration of the economic implications of accounting choice by addressing the three different reasons why accounting matters. r 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. JEL classification: M41 accounting Keywords: Capital markets; Accounting choice; Voluntary disclosure; Accounting judgments and estimates; Earnings manipulation $ We are grateful for comments received from Ronald Dye, participants of the 2000 Journal of Accounting and Economics conference, the editors Ross Watts and Douglas Skinner, and the discussant Jennifer Francis. Financial support from the Accounting Research Center at the Kellogg Graduate School of Management, Northwestern University is gratefully acknowledged. *Corresponding...
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...More Than a Numbers Game A Brief Histor y of Accounting Thomas A. King John Wiley & Sons, Inc. More Than a Numbers Game More Than a Numbers Game A Brief Histor y of Accounting Thomas A. King John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright © 2006 by Thomas A. King. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTERCORPORATE ACQUISITIONS AND INVESTMENTS IN OTHER ENTITIES ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1-1 Complex organizational structures often result when companies do business in a complex business environment. New subsidiaries or other entities may be formed for purposes such as extending operations into foreign countries, seeking to protect existing assets from risks associated with entry into new product lines, separating activities that fall under regulatory controls, and reducing taxes by separating certain types of operations. Q1-2 The split-off and spin-off result in the same reduction of reported assets and liabilities. Only the stockholders’ equity accounts of the company are different. The number of shares outstanding remains unchanged in the case of a spin-off and retained earnings or paid-in capital is reduced. Shares of the parent are exchanged for shares of the subsidiary in a split-off, thereby reducing the outstanding shares of the parent company. Q1-3 The management of Enron appears to have used special-purpose entities to avoid reporting debt on its balance sheet and to create fictional transactions that resulted in reported income. It also transferred bad loans and investments to special-purpose entities to avoid recognizing losses in...
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...Process are the key areas that should be addressed on a higher priority High priority areas 1 Logistics strategy: Focuses mainly on execution and cost reduction by meeting its SLAs and KPIs – limited value-add. Need a comprehensive strategy / roadmap Other areas 4 Supplier management: No established preferred supplier list leading to long lead time. Lack of supplier evaluation leading to lower quality 2 Logistics organization: Decentralized organisation with limited oversight from HO ~20% spend influence. Limited volume pooling and cost savings. 5 Procurement Strategy Procurement Organization Strategic Sourcing Operating process management Supplier Relationship Management Material management: Formal planning and communication could be improved. Lack of material categorisation to determine category level storage strategy 3 Strategic sourcing / Operating process: High time requirements, leading to suboptimal budget realization (80% PGN source-able(1) spend, compared to ~20% currently 1 Strategic Sourcing & Category Mgmt 1 Strategic Sourcing • Conduct strategic sourcing activity for center led categories 0 Category Management 13 1 Contract Management 1 • Establish sourcing plan and strategy for center led categories • Establish frame contracts for center led categories Strategic Sourcing team will progress to become Category Managers • Monitor price agreements and compliance to frame contracts • Conduct supply market...
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...Mergers and Acquisitions CHAPTER 21 OPENING CASE I n April 2007, Netherlands-based ABN AMRO and U.K.-based Barclays announced a merger that would create the world’s largest asset manager as well as one of the world’s five largest banks. The value of the deal was about €67 billion ($91.07 billion). Under the terms of the merger, Barclays would offer 3.225 shares of the new company for each share held by ABN AMRO shareholders. Also, ABN AMRO agreed to sell LaSalle Bank to Bank of America for $21 billion, which would result in a €12 billion distribution to shareholders. How do companies like ABN AMRO and Barclays determine whether a merger is a good idea? This chapter explores reasons that mergers should take place, and, just as important, reasons why they should not. There is no more dramatic or controversial activity in corporate finance than the acquisition of one firm by another or the merger of two firms. It is the stuff of headlines in the financial press, and it is occasionally an embarrassing source of scandal. The acquisition of one firm by another is, of course, an investment made under uncertainty, and the basic principles of valuation apply. One firm should acquire another only if doing so generates a positive net present value for the shareholders of the acquiring firm. However, because the NPV of an acquisition candidate can be difficult to determine, mergers and acquisitions, or M&A activities, are interesting topics in their own right. Some of the special...
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...Excellence in Financial Management Course 7: Mergers & Acquisitions (Part 1) Prepared by: Matt H. Evans, CPA, CMA, CFM This course (part 1) provides a concise overview of the merger and acquisition process, including the legal process, federal regulations and due diligence. The purpose of the course is to give the user a solid understanding of how mergers and acquisitions work. This course is recommended for 2 hours of Continuing Professional Education. In order to receive credit, you will need to pass a multiple choice exam which is administered over the internet at www.exinfm.com/training Published March 2000 Chapter 1 Basic Concepts Mergers and acquisitions represent the ultimate in change for a business. No other event is more difficult, challenging, or chaotic as a merger and acquisition. It is imperative that everyone involved in the process has a clear understanding of how the process works. Hopefully this short course will provide you with a better appreciation of what is involved. You might be asking yourself, why do I need to learn the merger and acquisition (M & A) process? Well for starters, mergers and acquisitions are now a normal way of life within the business world. In today's global, competitive environment, mergers are sometimes the only means for long-term survival. In other cases, such as Cisco Systems, mergers are a strategic component for generating long-term growth. Additionally, many entrepreneurs...
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