...Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is currently being used in such areas as agriculture, athletics, manufacturing, security and law enforcement, and transportation, but few applications have been developed that are related to the construction and facilities operations environment. Lack of standardisation, high costs of implementation, slow technology development and deployment risks, and the lack of skilled labour are all contributors currently preventing the adoption of new RFID technologies in the construction industry. The RFID technology can help improve data accuracy by tracking products through supply chains and by identifying products and items/objects at specific points through Automatic Identification (Auto-ID). The technology enables the detection and identification of tagged objects through the data it transmits. Objective of this topic ‘RFID IN CONSTRUCTION’ is to get an overview of the present application of RFID technology in Construction. Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) is an old technology which was already in use for recognition for anti-aircraft gun shooting in World War. Since then RFID has been taken into use for many other purposes, i.e. securing against theft of goods, bridge crossing fees, car keys etc. The new importance of RFID is connected to certain measures which a group of the world’s biggest retail chains and brand suppliers initiated under the name of Global Commerce Initiative at the end of the 1990’es. The interesting...
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...Running head: RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Esther Olayinka Olagbaju November 27, 2011 Chamberlain College of Nursing Introduction Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a generic term that is used to describe a system that transmits the identity (in the form of a unique serial number) of an object or person wirelessly, using radio waves. It is in use all around us; from the chips inserted in pets as an ID tags, to the EZPass through a tollbooth. In short, this technology does not require contact or line of sight for communication. RFID data can be read through the human body, clothing, and non-metallic materials (AIM, 2011). As a member of the committee created by the Government to investigate the potential of implanting an electronic record (EHR) into every U.S. citizen, this research will look into the benefits of this business decision to the Government, and then we will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of RFID being implanted under the human skin, which is then followed up by the laws governing this action if it can be enforced or voluntary based procedure, and finally the percentage of people that will be willing to go through this procedure. Body of Analysis Radio frequency identification technology is slick and easy to manage and also comes in three general varieties, namely; passive, active, and semi-passive (also known as battery-assisted). Passive tags need no internal power source and are only active when...
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...Radio Frequency Identifications Tags II. RFID tags have many advantages. A. RFID tags enhance product visibility which facilitates operations. They are made rugged and robust; therefore; they can be used in harsh environments and temperatures. There no positioning problems with RFID tags, they can be place anywhere and do not require a line-of sight to be scanned. B RFID tags reduce cost. The RFID system reduces the labor cost of the company by providing a good tracking system. This technology can be effective in stock management. It helps to reduce the misplacement of goods because it’s easier to trace. C. RFID tags reduce losses and theft. The use of RFID tags in retail stores are used to keep track of high priced items, to prevent theft. RFID tags easily track moving objects and send the required information back to the reader. III. RFID tags are used in a variety of ways. A. RFID tags have a longer read range and can be scanned on the factory floor from forklifts and scanners at a distance. This technology is used in the manufactory industry. There are no positioning problems with an RFID tag, they can be placed anywhere. B Injectable RFID tags can be used for tracking animals easily. These tags have information about the animal’s, medical history and vaccinations. Information written on the tags cannot be duplicated easily. C. RFID tags are being used to reduce truancy and improve safety in schools. Each child receives...
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...R.F.I.D. (Radio-Frequency Identification) RFID is the wireless non-contact use of radio-frequency electromagnet fields to transfer data. RFID tags are used in many industries to enter or exit buildings as well as buy certain things (mostly use in the government). It can also be attached to cash, clothing, and everyday possessions (such as cell phone, Laptops, desktop computers, tablets, etc.). Let me give you some history about where this technology came from In 1945 Leon Theremin invented an espionage or spying tool for the Soviet Union which retransmitted incident radio waves with audio information. Sound waves vibrated a diaphragm, which slightly altered the shape of the resonator that modulated the reflection radio frequency. So basically Leon Theremin created the processor for the RFID technology because it is being energized and activated by waves from an outside source. RFID uses signaling between the reader and tag is done in several different incompatible ways its all depending upon the frequency band being used. Tags operate on LF and HF bands, which use small radio waves to transmit signals. In the near electromagnetic field region the tag is closely combined electronically with the transmitter in the reader. The tag can increase the electromagnetic field created by the reader by changing the electrical loading. By changing the relative loads higher or lower the tag produces a change that the reader can detect. RFID...
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...Allaire Webster Case 1 Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFIDs) are small chips used to track inventory through radio transmissions and are powered by radio signals similar to that of a cell phone. This technology is fairly new. In 2003 Walmart started testing the use of RFID tags on its merchandise for inventory control. RFID tags can be placed anywhere on most items and are readable even when covered with packing materials, dirt, or plastic bands. Bar codes must be visible to be scanned. A bar code scanner must be placed within a few inches of the bar code. Most RFID readers have a range of about six feet. RFID tags are small enough to be installed on the face of credit cards or sewn into clothing items. Using RFID technology can greatly benefit Harley Davidson. RFIDs can track inventory much faster. RFID offers a range from inches to hundreds of feet. With using RFIDs means you do not have to open each box. Individual tags within a carton packed in a box stored on a pallet may be read. RFID can also store much more data than a bar code. RFIDs have read and write capabilities, unlike barcodes, mistakes are less likely and maintaining accuracy is consistent. Using RFID helps manage inventory by making sure that items are stocked and available for the customers. It also improves processing time in terms of ordering needed supplies. RFIDs do have flaws. The cost of implementing RFID in a large company like Harley Davidson would be high.Harley Davidson would need...
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...transporters, retailers and customers. NEED OF RFID One of the key challenges many organisations face is managing the interconnectivity and collaboration between different entities of the supply chain. Seamless flow of information, tighter integration and communication between channel partners plays an important role in increasing the efficiency of any supply chain and in turn the profitability and rate of return for any business. Due to the lack of communication and flow of information between the stages of supply chain results in poor product visibility and lack of transparency in the supply chain. This occurs mainly because of the fact that each link in the chain operates as individual entity. Information technologies like Radio Frequency Identification Information (RFID) along with ERP and centralized...
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...Tables of Content 1 Introduction 2 What is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)? 2 - 3 Purpose of RFID 3 - 6 Benefits of RFID 6 Disadvantages of RFID 6 Points of View 7 Conclusion 8 References 9 Introduction Imagine a technology that could slice the time it takes a retailer to measure inventory, one that could provide accurate information about a single tem as it moves from manufacturing through a store and then on to post-sales support. Imagine one that could finally fully automate checkout, freeing store personnel to provide increased levels of customer support. RFID - Radio Frequency Identification is evolving as a major technology that promises these benefits and more. RFID is demonstrating measurable results that have the potential to transform how business is conducted for both retailers and their...
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...Radio frequency identification (RFID) chips are used in many aspects of the world today. The article that I will be summarizing, discusses certain applications used today. It also briefly points out the ethical and privacy dilemma that society may face today and in the future. This article was written as a reference for Capella University. The tracking uses for Radio frequency identification (RFID) chips are boundless, and there are many possibilities for them to expand in the very near future. They are used for everything from tracking a person’s medical history to finding someone’s lost dog, to tracking shipments and supplies. “Their purpose is to make our world more efficient, to help businesses better track their inventories, to make sure pertinent personal information is quickly available to those who need it.” (Brown, 2005) With the amount of information that is readily available thanks to RFID technology, the issue of people’s private data comes into question. “According to Brown, a balance can be found between the security that RFID chips offer and the privacy they threaten.” (Brown, 2005) This would assist in limiting the amount of information that is retrievable, essentially making the information available on a need to know basis. At the same time, the necessary security can be maintained. This balance has to be established because “anyone can go online and purchase a relatively inexpensive chip reader and start harvesting information from RFID chips...
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...CURRENT TOPICS IN COMPUTING (CSC 812) A RESEARCH ON RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID) (PRESENT, FUTURE APPLICATION, SECURITY IMPLICATION AND CRITICS) SUBMITTED BY AKINSOWON, TOSIN BLESSING (060805018) IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF MASTER DEGREE TO DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES, FACULTY OF SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS, AKOKA, YABA, LAGOS. SESSION 2012/2013 SUPERVISED BY Prof H.O.D LONGE Abstract Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been available for more than fifty years. However it has only been recently that the prices of RFID devices have fallen to the point where these devices can be used as a "throwaway" inventory. This presents numerous opportunities along with innumerable risks. A lot of research is being done to suggest methods which will ensure secure communications in RFID systems. The objective of this paper is to present RFID technology, its current, future applications, study various potential threats to security, and Critics of RFID. 1 Introduction RFID 1.0 BACKGROUND STUDY Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an automatic identification system. It make use of Radio Frequency (RF) to identify “tagged” items .Data collected were transmitted to a host system using a Radio Frequency Reader. RFID is one of the numerous technologies grouped under the term Automatic Identification (Auto ID), such as bar code, magnetic inks, optical character recognition (OCR), voice recognition, touch memory, smart cards, biometrics etc. Auto ID technologies...
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...INTERNET OF THINGS Introduction: The next wave in the era of computing will be outside the realm of the traditional desktop. In the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, many of the objects that surround us will be on the network in one form or another. Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) and sensor network technologies will rise to meet this new challenge, in which information and communication systems are invisibly embedded in the environment around us. This results in the generation of enormous amounts of data which have to be stored, processed and presented in a seamless, efficient, and easily interpretable form. This model will consist of services that are commodities and delivered in a manner similar to traditional commodities. Cloud computing can provide the virtual infrastructure for such utility computing which integrates monitoring devices, storage devices, analytics tools, visualization platforms and client delivery. The cost based model that Cloud computing offers will enable end-to-end service provisioning for businesses and users to access applications on demand from anywhere. Smart connectivity with existing networks and context-aware computation using network resources is an indispensable part of IoT. With the growing presence of WiFi and 4G-LTE wireless Internet access, the evolution towards ubiquitous information and communication networks is already evident. However, for the Internet of Things vision to successfully...
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...Abstract RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) is a technology that incorporates the use of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency (RF) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object, animal, or a person. It is an automatic identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data whenever required using devices called RFID Tags or transponders. It is also called Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC). I would like to make a presentation on the following topics related to RFID technology: * Brief overview of RFID technology * Basic components of RFID * Standards followed * Simple working and Sequence of Communication involved * Advantages, applications and future scope Components of RFID Technology Tags (Chip + Antenna): An RFID Tag is an object that can be stuck on or incorporated into a product, animal or a person for the purpose of identification using radio waves. There are two main components present in the RFID tag. Firstly, a small silicon chip or integrated circuit which contains a unique identification number (ID). Secondly, an antenna that can send and receive radio waves Interrogators (Antenna + Reader): Interrogators are used to read the Tags & in certain cases even write on them. Middleware: Middleware is the needed interface between the existing company databases & information management software. Middleware provides a range of functions: • Data Filtering • System Monitoring ...
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...RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification. The job of RFID system is primarily the same one that barcodes perform today, to store and provide information about a product, a pallet of goods or entire inventories. RFID systems are, however, far superior to barcodes. For example, they can process several products at once without any direct contact. And RFID tag consists of a microchip which contains a small antenna. The antenna transmits information can be stored on the microchip than on a barcode label – up to several kilobytes. The key benefit of RFID is that data no longer has to be laboriously processed using scanners. Instead this can all be done through radio transmissions, fast and at a distance. While barcodes always need to be read separately, RFID chips can be read “in bulk”, which saves time. In warehousing logistics, for example, a stock inventory can be generated at the push of a button. The possibilities for RFID in logistics are endless opening up completely new opportunities for the sector. Smart Medication: Many products have to be kept chilled during transport such as foodstuffs, liquid medication and cosmetics. An RFID sensor tag developed in the DHL innovation center and fitted with temperature sensors monitors the goods and their temperature during the entire transport process. Reading can be taken at every point of processing. Shippers, recipients or controllers can check on the condition of the products without having to open the shipment. Moreover...
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...options, as well as the cost effectiveness and efficiency of the healthcare system. Information technology has played an important role in the innovation of healthcare systems. Despite the rise of new inventions the inventions of healthcare has been limited. The use of Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology is being used increasingly for its efficiency and safety. In this paper I will analyze how the RFID technology is being used within a hospitals information system (HIS) for a better workflow/ Introduction Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) allows the hospitals to restructure their ways in order to reduce costs, maintaining the same level of service to the patients. RFID is a method of identifying unique items using radio waves (Allen, Charles, 2004). A reader communicates with a tag, which holds digital information in a microchip (Allen, Charles, 2004). A RFID system in order to work needs to use software that acts as an interface between the reader and the organizations’ information systems. An RFID system integrated with HIS will improve patient safety and provides better tracking of a patient’s drug treatment. Many hospitals want to increase the efficiency and quality of patient identification and monitoring procedures. The use of RFID goes beyond the use of EMR and the way that it connects and provides the medical information to medical staff, physicians, family members and patients itself. The use of RFID is to solve the problems that are present...
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...Harley Davidson’s supply chain using the information presented in this chapter and information you obtain through the Online Companion Links, your favorite search engine and your library. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages for Harley Davidson of replacing its bar codes and scanners technology with RFID. Radio Frequency Identification uses radio signals for its function. They operate using a system that contains an antenna and a transceiver to read the radio frequency and transfer the information to the reader and a RF tag. The antenna offers the means for the integrated circuit to broadcast the information to the reader that converts the radio waves, which is reflected reversed from the RFID tag. This digital information is passed on to computers that will evaluate the data sent. Active RFID tags come with a battery that can transmit signals in parallel, whereas passive RFID tags does not have battery, which need an external source to trigger the radio signal communication. Battery assisted passive tags have a higher range and they also require an outer source for triggering the signal. For retailers and the other vertical industries, radio frequency identification (RFID) tags present enormous opportunities to improve supply chain operations, since real-time inventory control, tracking, and alerting capabilities could be very important advantages of RFID. As tagged inventory goes through ports, terminals, freight forwarders, and into a distribution center, the RFID tag should...
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...Automatic identification and data capture known as AIDC is the process of identifying and collecting data, while processing information automatically without the need for manual input. This automated process reduces labor cost, increases efficiency, insures accuracy and proficiency (if done properly), and leads to greater innovation. There are three types of AIDC technologies are barcodes, cards, and radio frequency identification known as RFID. Barcode technologies are the oldest and most successful AIDC technologies. There are two main sub categories of barcodes. The first category is linear barcodes which are made up of lines and spaces of multiple widths that create specific patterns recognizable to scanners by storing information vertically. These cards are used in many applications where the use of a simple numeric code can provide the key to a database such as product inventory. The limitation to these barcodes is that it can only hold up to eighty five characters or less. Figure 1 to the left is an illustration of a linear barcode that are used in the industry. The second sub category of barcode technologies is 2D barcodes which is a graphical image that stores information both horizontally and vertically. These barcodes allow large amounts of data to be stored in small spaces. These images are commonly found on app advertisement barcodes, which allow the user to access the full capabilities of the app. The 2D barcodes can hold several hundred to thousands of characters...
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