...RAND Journal of Economics Vol. 31, No. 3, Autumn 2000 pp. 395–421 Mergers with differentiated products: the case of the ready-to-eat cereal industry Aviv Nevo* Traditional merger analysis is difficult to implement when evaluating mergers in industries with differentiated products. I discuss an alternative, which consists of demand estimation and the use of a model of postmerger conduct to simulate the competitive effects of a merger. I estimate a brand-level demand system for ready-to-eat cereal using supermarket scanner data and use the estimates to (1) recover marginal costs, (2) simulate postmerger price equilibria, and (3) compute welfare effects, under a variety of assumptions. The methodology is applied to five mergers, two of which occurred and for which I compare predicted to actual outcomes. 1. Introduction Traditional analysis of horizontal mergers is based primarily on industryconcentration measures. The market is defined and pre- and postmerger market shares of the relevant firms are used to compute pre- and postmerger concentration measures, which give rise to presumptions of illegality. Using this approach to evaluate mergers in industries with differentiated, or closely related but not identical, products is problematic. In many cases the product offerings make it difficult to define the relevant product (or geographic) market. Even if the relevant market can easily be defined, the computed concentration index provides a reasonable standard by which to judge...
Words: 14181 - Pages: 57
...University of the Fraser Valley A Marketing Analysis on Tim Hortons Company Diana Beedassy 200105312 Business 120 Mr. Richard Simon April 2, 2012 Table of Contents Cover Page...............................................................................................................................................1 - 2 Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….3 Introduction and History………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………....4 - 5 SWOT Analysis……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………….6 – 7 Business Articles………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8 Target Market…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………9 – 10 Tim Horton’s merging with Wendy’s Inc………………………………………………………………………………………………..11 Tim Horton’s as a convenient product……………………………………………………………………………………..…………...12 Channel of Distributions …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………...13 Promotional Strategies……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….....14 Socially Responsible Behaviour……………………………………………………………………………………………………..15 – 20 Recommendations – Part A (SWOT) ……………………………………………………………………………………………..21 – 22 Recommendations – Part B …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ..23 Recommendations – Part C……………………………………………………………………………………………………………24 – 25 Gross Annual Sales & Market Share………………………………………………………………………………………………26 – 27 Appendix 1 – Timeline……………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………..28 Appendix...
Words: 7764 - Pages: 32
...overweight age 7-9 50% 38% 16% Good mornings begin here. The latest science on breakfast cereals. Since introducing Kellogg’s Corn Flakes in 1906, Kellogg has invested decades of science and product development into health and nutrition. From being the first food company to employ our own dietitian, to running our own research labs and closely monitoring independent studies on breakfast, cereal, grains and fiber all around the world, we aim to keep abreast of the ongoing scientific advancements in nutrition and food research and take this into account as we strive to enhance existing cereals and develop new cereals. What we learn constantly shapes our future direction. In the past few years, it’s helped us respond to consumer and market demands to lower sugar and sodium, as well as to increase the fiber and maintain the great taste in many of our cereals. We’re always looking for ways to provide more nutritious, convenient and affordable foods loved by consumers around the world. Because the information we’ve gained has added to our own knowledge base, we’re eager to share it with others, too. That’s why we’ve gathered the latest evidence-based research about breakfast and cereal in these pages. We hope Cereal: The Complete Story provides a valuable resource for your own...
Words: 6420 - Pages: 26
...CHAPTER 1 The Problem and Its Background Introduction One of the agricultural countries in Asia is the Philippines that wealthy when it comes to different varieties of vegetables, fruits and other edible crops that provide people the basic needs in life. But it is also a fact that some of these products cannot be improved due to lack of knowledge on how these products can be transform into food. Philippines have numerous crops and still not all aware of many different vegetables here thus they are not aware of the countless nutrients they can get from it. A remarkable nutrient that gives benefits that can improve one’s health. Since Philippines have been conquered by many races, it is possible to adopt some of their culture and one of the greatest impacts on us was the Spaniards. As the time goes by, Spaniards introducedsome of their food like the braso de marcedes, champorado, ensaymada, mechado, pan de sal, polvoron and many more. Filipinos inherited Pan de sal from the Spaniards who once colonized the country, but as the years passed Filipinos made some revisions and declared as our own. Way back 16th Century, the Spaniards introduced the breads that comes in rolls and served during breakfast. Spaniards trained Filipinos on how to make bread and until now, the techniques are still there. Pan de sal, which literally means “bread of salt”, is typical Filipino bread that is traditionally served as a breakfast roll. Pan de sal is made of flour, yeast, sugar and salt...
Words: 7055 - Pages: 29
...The Kellogg Company Optimizes Production, Inventory, and Distribution Gerald Brown gbrown@nps.navy.mil Operations Research Department Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 93943 Kellogg Company, P.O. Box 3599 Battle Creek, Michigan 49017–3599 Kellogg Company, P.O. Box 3423 Battle Creek, Michigan 49016–3423 Operations Research Department Naval Postgraduate School Joseph Keegan joe.keegan@kellogg.com Brian Vigus brian.vigus@kellogg.com Kevin Wood kwood@nps.navy.mil For over a decade, the Kellogg Company has used its planning system (KPS), a large-scale, multiperiod linear program, to guide production and distribution decisions for its cereal and convenience foods business. An operational version of KPS, at a weekly level of detail, helps determine where products are produced and how finished products and in-process products are shipped between plants and distribution centers. A tactical version of KPS, at a monthly level of detail, helps to establish plant budgets and make capacity-expansion and consolidation decisions. Operational KPS reduced production, inventory, and distribution costs by an estimated $4.5 million in 1995. Tactical KPS recently guided a consolidation of production capacity with a projected savings of $35 to $40 million per year. T he Kellogg Company has been using a large-scale linear program, the Kellogg Planning System (KPS), for more than a decade to guide its operational (weekly), production, inventory, and distribution decisions...
Words: 7315 - Pages: 30
...Mantesh TABLE OF CONTENTS Cure Tooth Decay Book Description Foreword By Timothy Gallagher D.D.S. President of the Holistic Dental Association Introduction 100% Real Dental Healing Testimonials Leroy from Utah Ms. Steuernol from Alberta , Canada Mike from Ashland , Oregon Pioneering Tooth Cavity Remineralization CHAPTER 1 DENTISTRY'S INABILITY TO CURE CAVITIES Reaffirm Your Choice to Cure Your Cavities The Real Cause of Cavities Remembering Your Connection Fear of the Dentist How Conventional Dentistry Works Micro-organisms Conventional Dentistry’s Losing Battle Against Bacteria The Failure of Conventional Dentistry Chapter 1 References CHAPTER 2 DENTIST WESTON PRICE DISCOVERS THE CURE Lack of Nutrition is the Cause of Physical Degeneration The Healthy People of the Loetschental Valley, Switzerland Modern Swiss were Losing Their Health The Healthy People of the Outer Hebrides Gaelics on Modern Foods are Losing Their Health Genetics and Tooth Decay Aborigines of Australia Nutritive Values of Diets Compared Fat-soluble Vitamins and Activators Mantesh Why Tooth Decay with Modern Civilization? Weston Price's Tooth Decay Curing Protocol Dr. Price's Protocol Summarized Chapter 2 References CHAPTER 3 MAKE YOUR TEETH STRONG WITH FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS How Teeth Remineralize 101 Hormones and Tooth Decay Cholesterol The Miracle of Vitamin D Vital Fat-Soluble Vitamin A Cod Liver Oil Heals Cavities Weston Price’s Activator X More Fat-Soluble...
Words: 66501 - Pages: 267
...National Cancer Institute U.S. Department of HealtH anD HUman ServiceS Support for People With Cancer Eating Hints Before, During, and After Cancer Treatment national institutes of Health About this Book Eating Hints is written for you—someone who is about to get, or is now getting, cancer treatment. Your family, friends, and others close to you may also want to read this book. You can use this book before, during, and after cancer treatment. It has hints about common types of eating problems, along with ways to manage them. This book covers: u What you should know about cancer treatment, eating well, and eating problems u How feelings can affect appetite u Hints to manage eating problems u How to eat well after cancer treatment ends u Foods and drinks to help with certain eating problems u Ways to learn more Talk with your doctor, nurse, or dietitian about any eating problems that might affect you during cancer treatment. He or she may suggest that you read certain sections or follow some of the tips. Rather than read this book from beginning to end, look at just those sections you need now. Later, you can always read more. Table of Contents What You Should Know About Cancer Treatment, Eating Well, and Eating Problems .........................................................................1 Feelings Can Affect Your Appetite During Cancer Treatment ......................................................................................................
Words: 13988 - Pages: 56
...® Kellogg Company // Form 10-K For Fiscal Year 2012 (Ended December 29, 2012) This page intentionally left blank UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K Í ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Fiscal Year Ended December 29, 2012 ‘ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For The Transition Period From To Commission file number 1-4171 Kellogg Company (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or organization) 38-0710690 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) One Kellogg Square Battle Creek, Michigan 49016-3599 (Address of Principal Executive Offices) Registrant’s telephone number: (269) 961-2000 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Act: Title of each class: Common Stock, $.25 par value per share Name of each exchange on which registered: New York Stock Exchange Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Securities Act: None Indicate by a check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes Í No ‘ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15 (d) of the Act. Yes ‘ No Í Note — Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to...
Words: 50469 - Pages: 202
...The attached assignment is NOT a model answer but rather an indication of how one syndicate group approached the problem set for that semester. It was one of the better papers but ……… Please note that the Executive Summary portion received a fail as it did not concentrate on what the group had recommended – the alternatives and why which one was chosen. They did, however, develop some alternatives, discussed them and then decided which one should be selected within the main body of the paper. It is also worth noting that for a 2008 assignment; almost all of the references were from that year. There are NO textbooks listed. AFF92 260: Aust ralian Cap pital Mark kets Semester 2‐ 2 S 2008 MZM C ON ULT ING M M NSU G MRCB gula y Ca al B Reg atory apita Fu ing Alte ative und erna es Authors: Version 1.0 Date e Issued: 25/09/ /2008 Word Count: 5,000 (no ot including ta ables) MZM CONSULTING Paul Masulan ns, Alex Zaikin ne, David McG Ghee Monash Unive M ersity Level 3 Building H 900 Dandenon ng Rd. PO Box x 197 Caulfield East, Victoria 3145 Australia 25 Septem mber 2008 Re: Regulatory Capita al Funding Alternatives CB Board, Dear MRC Please find the attach hed report on n regulatory capital funding alternatives. ument has b been prepare for the C ed Chairman and Directors ...
Words: 10592 - Pages: 43
...TABLE OF CONTENTS | Sl. No | Description | Page No | 1 | Introduction | | 2 | Organization Profile | | 3 | Literature Review – Theoretical strategy of Packaging | | 4 | Research Methodology | | 5 | Analysis | | 6 | Finding | | 7 | Recommendations | | 8 | Conclusion | | 9 | Reference | | | Appendix | | CHAPTER ONE Need of Study Packaging plays an important role in our everyday lives and provides a range of benefits from choice and convenience to ensuring the product arrives safely. Packaging is the name given to the containers in which products are bought, sold and transported, and ranges from cardboard boxes and wooden pallets to plastic bottles and aluminum drink cans. Packaging helps to attract consumers and affects consumer buying behavior. Objectives: * To study how packaging affects sales in UAE. * To find how packaging has changed brand image. * To study the issues related to packaging * To study in detail about packaging of bottled mineral water taking a company (MASAFI) UAE. * To analyze how packaging affects consumer buying behavior in UAE * To perform data analysis from the survey conducted and infer the same * To suggest improvements and recommend changes if necessary CHAPTER TWO Organization profile Corporate Statement of Masafi Vision: “Premium products for better life” Mission: “It is Masafi’s constant endeavor...
Words: 11070 - Pages: 45
........................... 21 Tricks for feeling good .................................................................................................. 25 The 5 easy steps plan to eliminate fatigue .................................................................. 29 Healthy life with healthy recipices .............................................................................. 36 Rewind and recap...........................................................................................................44 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 48 2 copy@eraseherpes.com 2014 Introduction You probably hear every day in the media, see in papers, at work that the secret of a happy life is that of being healthy. But most of us might get scared when hearing about living a healthy life, thinking that this means making huge changes in our lifestyle, regarding our eating habits, spending a lot of money on healthy food or exercising several hours a day. Well, that is not quite true. You don’t have to thrive yourself in order to be happy and healthy. You just have to be informed regarding the harmful habits that may cause serious health problems and simple tricks that can keep you healthy without too much struggle. Besides, if you are not motivated enough to change something in your life, knowing the benefits of a healthy lifestyle...
Words: 8702 - Pages: 35
...culmination of years of my own research. And after careful thought, I put into the study guide what I feel are the most important concepts you need to know for the RD/DTR exam. If you notice, I spent much time teaching you in detail the concepts you need to know, not just “spitting” you questions with little or no explanation. I believe this is important. I know you might be thinking “oh, how am I going to absorb and learn all this material?” I say, just read and answer the questions at your own pace. Simply test yourself and of course take some breaks along the way. Just take it one concept at a time. After you have mastered one concept, then move on to the next. I know if you study whole-heartedly what I have outlined in this study guide, you are sure to pass! GOOD LUCK! YOU CAN DO IT! ϑ Your nutrition friend, -Jonathan Brown, B.S, DTR THE “NO FLUFF” RD/DTR STUDY GUIDE *Updated as of July 2011 The “NO FLUFF” RD/DTR STUDY GUIDE Tips for taking the RD/DTR exam 1. PERIODICALLY CHECK THE CLOCK TO MAKE SURE YOU’RE GOOD ON TIME! If you wish, get a basic digital watch with a timer for extra precaution. Let it “beep” a warning mark prior to the end of the timed test. 2. WEAR EAR PLUGS (if a little noise distracts you). 3. ORGANIZE YOUR “CHEAT SHEET” (you get 1 sheet of scrap paper during your test) SO SAVE ROOM FOR YOUR SCRAP PAPER. DON’T BE SLOPPY! ...
Words: 20721 - Pages: 83
...Chapter 20 Statistical Quality Control GOALS When you have completed this chapter, you will be able to: • Discuss the role of quality control in production and service operations • Define and understand the terms chance cause, assignable cause, in control, out of control, attribute, and variable • Construct and interpret a Pareto chart • Construct and interpret a fishbone diagram • Construct and interpret a mean and range chart • Construct and interpret a percent defective and a c-bar chart • • Discuss acceptance sampling Construct an operating characteristic curve for various sampling plans. W ter A. Shewhart (1891–1967) al W 1498 1548 1598 1648 1698 1748 1898 1948 2000 ith the advent of industrial revolution in the 19th century, mass production replaced manufacturing in small shops by skilled craftsman and artisans. While in the small shops the individual worker was completely responsible for the quality of the work, this was no longer true in mass production where each individual’s contribution to the finished product constituted only an insignificant part in the total process. The quality control by the large companies was achieved with the help of quality inspectors responsible for checking a 100 percent inspection of all the important characteristics. Dr. Walter A. Shewhart, called the father of quality control analysis, developed the concepts of statistical quality control. For the purpose of controlling quality, Shewhart developed charting techniques and...
Words: 15900 - Pages: 64
...Manandhar, Michelle Share, Sharon Friel, Orla Walsh, Fiona Hardy Combat Poverty Agency Working Paper Series 06/01 ISBN: 1-90548-512-3 May 2006 FOOD, NUTRITION AND POVERTY AMONG ASYLUM-SEEKERS IN NORTH-WEST IRELAND A collaborative study by the Health Service Executive – North Western Area and the Centre for Health Promotion Studies, National University of Ireland, Galway. With funding from Combat Poverty Agency Report authors: M Manandhar, M Share, S Friel, O Walsh and F Hardy (2006) FOOD, NUTRITION AND POVERTY AMONG ASYLUM-SEEKERS IN NORTH-WEST IRELAND Research Team Members HSE Western Area National University of Ireland, Galway (formerly North Western Health Board) Dr Mary Manandhar Senior Research Officer Public Health Department Dr Sharon Friel Lecturer Centre for Health Promotion Studies Ms Michelle Share Senior Research Officer Public Health Department Ms Orla Walsh Researcher Centre for Health Promotion Studies Dr Fiona Hardy Regional Coordinator for Services for Asylum Seekers and Refugees Ms. Theresa Shyrane Community Health Adviser Community Services, County Donegal March 2006 Food, nutrition and poverty among asylum seekers in NW Ireland Manandhar et al. Contents Page List of Tables List of Figures Abstract Executive Summary Introduction 1 1 5 1.1 Rationale and aims of the research 6 1.2 Who are asylum seekers? 6 1.3 Asylum seekers: their right to health and...
Words: 44254 - Pages: 178
...The Prevention of Food Adulteration Act & Rules (as on 1.10.2004) CONTENTS PRELIMINARY SECTION 1. 2. 2-A Short title, extent and commencement Definitions Rule of construction PAGE 1 1 10 MISCELLANEOUS SECTION PAGE 14. Manufacturers, distributors and dealers to give warranty 35 14-A Vendor to disclose the name, etc, of the person from whom the article of food was purchased 36 15. Notification of food poisoning 36 16. Penalties 36 16-A Power of Court to try cases summarily 39 17. Offences by companies 43 18. Forfeiture of property 45 19. Defences which may or may not be allowed in prosecutions under this Act 46 20. Cognizance and trial of offences 47 20-A Power of Court to implead manufacturer, etc. 53 20-AA Application of the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 and Section 360 of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1973. 54 21. Magistrates power to impose enhanced penalties 54 22. Protection of action taken in good faith 54 22-A Power of Central Government to give directions 54 23. Power of Central Government to make rules 55 24. Power of the State Government to make rules 58 25. Repeal and saving 59 THE PREVENTION OF FOOD ADULTERATION RULES, 1955 Part I PRELIMINARY RULE PAGE 1. Short title, extent and commencement 60 2. Definitions 60 vi CENTRAL COMMITTEE FOR FOOD STANDARDS AND CENTRAL FOOD LABORATORY 3. 3-A 4. 5. 6. 7. The Cental Committee for Food Standards Appointement of Secretary and other staff Central Food Laboratory GENERAL PROVISIONS AS TO FOOD Prohibition of import...
Words: 130594 - Pages: 523
