...ENVR 313 Society Comparison The human race has constantly played a dangerous game with environmental failure. Easter Island is a prime example of what could happen to our society if we are not careful with our environment. Easter Island is a prime example, because overpopulation and overuse of its resources lead to its downfall. There are examples of successful societies such as Gaviotas. Gaviotas is a village in Columbia that has made strides in the past three decades to become fully sustainable. Easter Island is a remote Polynesian island in the South Pacific Ocean. The Island is also known as Rapa Nui by the locals. “Easter Island is over 2,000 miles from the nearest population center, (Tahiti and Chile), making it one of the most isolated places on Earth.” (Brookman, 2007). The Island is shrouded in mystery Archaeologist can only estimate when the island was settled. They believe it was settled by Polynesians around 400 A.D. (Brookman, 2007). “Popular theory is that the islanders cut down all the trees to use as fuel and building materials, and to move the huge statues from the quarry to their positions around the island.” (Science Learning, 2008). The population of Easter Island peaked at around 10,000 people. The Island is approximately 64 square miles, 10,000 people on that size of Island laid waste to the Islands delicate ecosystem. The inhabitants of the island cut down all the trees to fit their agricultural needs and to move the statues that...
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...The first human settlement on rapa nui was around 300-400 AD. The first king was hoto-matua whose ship landed on Anakena, one of the beaches. The main proof that these people existed is the 900 giant stone statues all over the island averaging 4 meters high and weighing 13 tons each. these enormous stone statues were carved out of tuff and then placed on stone platform. It is still unknown exactly why these statues were constructed in such numbers and on such a scale, or how they were moved around the island. The first known European visitor to Easter Island was the Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen, who arrived in 1722. They named the island Paaseiland that translates to easter island to mark the day they arrived. In 1770 Peru sent an expedition...
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...Unsolved Mysteries: Easter Island Approximately 1200 years ago the Rapa Nui, or Easter Island people, arrived at one of the most isolated islands in the world. Almost as soon as they arrived they began carving massive stone heads without a known explanation ("Mysterious Places: Explore Easter Island in Words and Pictures."). When the Europeans arrived, there were very few people and almost no resources. However, there were numerous amounts of giant stone carvings. Nobody really knows why they are there and how they were made, but there are many modern theories to explain it. With these theories also come unanswerable questions to disprove them. 1. Facts Easter Island was formed by many huge volcanic explosions ("Easter Island -- World Heritage...
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...Rapa Nui (Easter Island) is the most remote island in Polynesia and one of the most isolated places on Earth. Rapa Nui lies in the Pacific Ocean and is located off the coast of Chile. It is only 11 by 17 miles and very far from all other Polynesian island. Rapa Nui was first settled around the 8th to 9th century. It’s called Easter Island because a Dutch explorer found the island in Easter 1772. The Rapa Nui are the native inhabitants of that island. Once a rich and fertile land with various wildlife and abundant resources, the island was later deforested by the inhabitants due an imbalance between nature and Rapa Nui culture. As such there is a significant connection between Rapa Nui art with environmental changes and deviation within their...
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...Rapa Nui, or Easter Island is a tiny speck of land secluded in the southeastern part of the Pacific Ocean. "Ancient voyaging from the central islands of eastern Polynesia would have normally gone against the prevailing trade winds, with the island forming only a small target, although westerly winds associated with periodic ENSO may have carried Polynesian colonists to the island (Anderson, Caveides and Walden, Finney)". Volcanoes constitute the three rims of Rapa Nui. In addition to the cones of three dominant volcanoes (Rano Kao, Poike, and Maunga Terevaka), Easter Island's landscape is also dotted with nearly 70 subsidiary cones. The most ancient stones are 500,000 year old alkali basalt/hawaiite lava flows constructing the Poike composite volcano at the island's eastern edge. Poike, which was formerly an island that eventually became joined to Terevaka by basalt flows emitted from Terevaka, has been seriously crumbled by the sea on each and every edge. The southwest flank of Rapa Nui was created by the Kao volcano. The Rano Kao lake inside the volcano's crater is one of Easter Island's only three pure chunks of crisp water. The water from the exceedingly submerged crater, which is approximately 3,000 feet in width, is carried to Easter Island's capital, Hanga Roa. The crater is roughly a mile in diameter and features a unique microclimate protected from winds. The lake has an abundance of climbing plants. The interior declivity was the spot of the most recent wild toromoro...
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...It is confirmed that science and technological advancements are applied to boost the fabrication of high yielding harvests and mineral ore. It is also confirmed that big organizations and governments offer the funds provided for these technological advancements. And there are confirmed facts and figures that prove that these big organizations and governments are more interested in enhanced financial returns rather than the source of yield and ending destination. Some people have the funds to study the already done researches. They have found out some hypothetical results that can oppose the researches of the huge organizations. To balance these statements, it is necessary to provide that the planet will balance the forces naturally. The history shows that our intents will lead to our own downfall. Bar-coded Foods The further a person candidly seeks to find out how the apple reached the store or by which means...
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...The part of the book that caught my attention was “Ecological Catastrophe, Collapse, and the Myth of Ecocide on Rapa Nui”. I have watched few documentaries about the mystery behind massive heads and bodies of Easter Island in Discovery channel. I was surprised by those hundreds of massive statues (Moai) and did some research with keen interest. This might be the reason for my excitement over this topic. In Diamond’s opinion, it is ecological catastrophe, which brought on by the island’s occupants that prompted their own destruction. He calls it “ecocide”: Inhabitants of island chose to fail by constructing giant statues that led to island’s ecological destruction and the collapse of the ancient...
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...Of the 6,000 spoken today, it is said that approximately 50% of those will have become forgotten by the year of 2100. The history of each and every one is a part of each speaker’s culture, values, and traditions. As the voice of the people is lost, so is their identity. The loss of languages has harmed cultural diversity around the world. It is crucial to prevent this loss by protecting the endangered languages around the world. Though it is one of the smallest regions of the United States, Hawaii is famous for it’s resort environment and exotic beauty. Dreams of vacation on bright beaches and clear water fill young people’s heads. From the towering volcanoes to the mirroring cities, the very image of Hawaii is paradise. One of the strongest components of this culture is the language, Hawaiian, or “Olelo Hawai’i”. Hawaiian language has an ancient history rooted in Polynesian languages. The number of native Hawaiian speakers has begun dwindling; it has been slowly displaced by English language. Hawaiian is a Polynesian member of the Austronesian language family. Austronesian is a family of languages spoken throughout the islands of Southeast Asia, Madagascar, and the Pacific. Other Polynesian languages such as Marquesan, Tahitian, Mãori, and Rapa Nui retain strong commonalities with Hawaiian. Lexicostatistics were used to demonstrate the genetic history of Hawaiian and compare different dialects. This approach is done by determining the number of cognates, or...
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...ton1.1 Major Themes of Environmental Science The study of environmental problems and their solutions has never been more important. Modern society in 2009 is hooked on oil. Production has declined, while demand has grown, and the population of the world has been increasing by more than 70 million each year. The emerging energy crisis is producing an economic crisis, as the prices of everything produced from oil (fertilizer, food, and fuel) rise beyond what some people can afford to pay. Energy and economic problems come at a time of unprecedented environmental concerns, from the local to global level. At the beginning of the modern era—in A.D. 1—the number of people in the world was probably about 100 million, one-third of the present population of the United States. In 1960 the world contained 3 billion people. Our population has more than doubled in the last 40 years, to 6.8 billion people today. In the United States, population increase is often apparent when we travel. Urban traffic snarls, long lines to enter national parks, and difficulty getting tickets to popular attractions are all symptoms of a growing population. If recent human population growth rates continue, our numbers could reach 9.4 billion by 2050. The problem is that the Earth has not grown any larger, and the abundance of its resources has not increased—in many cases, quite the opposite. How, then, can Earth sustain all these people? And what is the maximum number of people that could live on Earth, not just...
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...Collapse- book is about a history topic about how societies choose to fail or survive. The main characters are historical people and unknown kings of Mayan cities or Easter Island villages. Jared Diamond tells the story of the Viking explorer Erik the Red, who discovered Greeland and Vinland (Terranova, in Canada). Another character is captain Olafsson, a norse sailor who wrote the last news about Greenland in 1410. Another main character is Christopher Columbus, who arrived at Hispaniola in 1492, but now this island is two countries, the Dominican Republic and the Haiti. Diamond studied the politics of two presidents. the dominican Rafael Trujillo, who protected the enviroment and the dictator François, Papa Doc, Duvalier, who decided on politics of deforestatation of his country, Haiti. The author considered the bad politics of another main character, king George II, who was interested in sending merinosheeps from Spain to Australia, an idea which was succesful from 1820 to 1950 but then the farmers understood their lands lost fertility. Another main character is Tokuwaga Jeayasu, a shogun of Japan in 1600, who prohibited Christianity in 1600 and protected his country againt deforestation. The book takes us to a lot of places around the globe: Mayan cities, Rwanda, Viking colonies of Vinland or Greenland, Haiti and Dominican Republic, Easter Island and Polynesian colonies in Pacific, and the Chaco villages in New Mexico (United States). The time period was from 800 AC, when...
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...Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi—110 017, India Penguin Group (NZ), Cnr Airborne and Rosedale Roads, Albany, Auckland 1310, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England First published in 2005 by Viking Penguin, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. 13579 10 8642 Copyright © Jared Diamond, 2005 All rights reserved Maps by Jeffrey L. Ward LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA Diamond, Jared M. Collapse: how societies choose to fail or succeed/Jared Diamond. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-670-03337-5 1. Social history—Case studies. 2. Social change—Case studies. 3. Environmental policy— Case studies. I. Title. HN13. D5 2005 304.2'8—dc22 2004057152 This book is printed on acid-free paper. 8 Printed in the United States of America Set in Minion Designed by Francesca Belanger Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or...
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...500 extraordinary islands G R E E N L A N D Beaufort Sea Baffin Bay vi Da i tra sS t a nm De it Stra rk Hudson Bay Gulf of Alaska Vancouver Portland C A N A D A Calgary Winnipeg Newfoundland Quebec Minneapolis UNITED STATES San Francisco Los Angeles San Diego Phoenix Dallas Ottawa Montreal ChicagoDetroitToronto Boston New York OF AMERICA Philadelphia Washington DC St. Louis Atlanta New Orleans Houston Monterrey NORTH AT L A N T I C OCEAN MEXICO Guadalajara Mexico City Gulf of Mexico Miami Havana CUBA GUATEMALA HONDURAS b e a n Sea EL SALVADOR NICARAGUA Managua BAHAMAS DOMINICAN REPUBLIC JAMAICA San Juan HAITI BELIZE C a r PUERTO RICO ib TRINIDAD & Caracas N TOBAGO A COSTA RICA IA M PANAMA VENEZUELA UYANRINA H GU C U G Medellín A PAC I F I C OCEAN Galapagos Islands COLOMBIA ECUADOR Bogotá Cali S FR EN Belém Recife Lima BR A Z I L PERU La Paz Brasélia Salvador Belo Horizonte Rio de Janeiro ~ Sao Paulo BOLIVIA PARAGUAY CHILE Cordoba Santiago Pôrto Alegre URUGUAY Montevideo Buenos Aires ARGENTINA FALKLAND/MALVINAS ISLANDS South Georgia extraordinary islands 1st Edition 500 By Julie Duchaine, Holly Hughes, Alexis Lipsitz Flippin, and Sylvie Murphy Contents Chapter 1 Beachcomber Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Aquatic Playgrounds 2 Island Hopping the Turks & Caicos: Barefoot Luxury 12 Life’s a Beach 14 Unvarnished & Unspoiled 21 Sailing...
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...MASARYK UNIVERSITY Faculty of Social Science Department of Psychology M. A. Petra Vondráčková ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOUR ON THE INTERNET Thesis Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. David Šmahel, M.Sc. et Ph.D. Brno 2012 I declare that I have written this thesis independently and all cited resources have been listed in the references. Praha 20 November, 2012 Petra Vondráčková Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor David Šmahel for his invaluable help and guidance, and also for the opportunity to get the valuable experience in doing the research in psychology. Many thanks also to my colleague Jaroslav Vacek for inspiring discussions that we have had on this topic. I would also like to thank the co-authors of presented texts. In addition, special thanks are due to the people who were willing to participate and shared their own experience with Internet use and addictive behaviour on the Internet. Content 1. Introduction 8 2. Theoretical background 10 2.1. Behavioural addiction 10 2.1.1. Defining the concept 11 2.1.2. Classification of behaviour addictions 12 2.1.3. Behavioural addiction in the context of diagnostic manuals of mental disorders 13 2.1.4. Similar traits of behavioural and substance addictions 15 2.2. Internet addiction 24 2.2.1. Historical background and main research areas 26 2.2.3. Identification of Internet addiction 28 2.2.4. Prevalence rates of Internet addiction 32 2.2.5. Correlates of Internet Addiction 35 ...
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...MASARYK UNIVERSITY Faculty of Social Science Department of Psychology M. A. Petra Vondráčková ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOUR ON THE INTERNET Thesis Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. David Šmahel, M.Sc. et Ph.D. Brno 2012 I declare that I have written this thesis independently and all cited resources have been listed in the references. Praha 20 November, 2012 Petra Vondráčková Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor David Šmahel for his invaluable help and guidance, and also for the opportunity to get the valuable experience in doing the research in psychology. Many thanks also to my colleague Jaroslav Vacek for inspiring discussions that we have had on this topic. I would also like to thank the co-authors of presented texts. In addition, special thanks are due to the people who were willing to participate and shared their own experience with Internet use and addictive behaviour on the Internet. Content 1. Introduction 8 2. Theoretical background 10 2.1. Behavioural addiction 10 2.1.1. Defining the concept 11 2.1.2. Classification of behaviour addictions 12 2.1.3. Behavioural addiction in the context of diagnostic manuals of mental disorders 13 2.1.4. Similar traits of behavioural and substance addictions 15 2.2. Internet addiction 24 2.2.1. Historical background and main research areas 26 2.2.3. Identification of Internet addiction 28 2.2.4. Prevalence rates of Internet addiction 32 2.2.5. Correlates of Internet Addiction 35 ...
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...10000 quiz questions and answers www.cartiaz.ro 10000 general knowledge questions and answers 10000 general knowledge questions and answers www.cartiaz.ro No Questions Quiz 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Carl and the Passions changed band name to what How many rings on the Olympic flag What colour is vermilion a shade of King Zog ruled which country What colour is Spock's blood Where in your body is your patella Where can you find London bridge today What spirit is mixed with ginger beer in a Moscow mule Who was the first man in space What would you do with a Yashmak Who betrayed Jesus to the Romans Which animal lays eggs On television what was Flipper Who's band was The Quarrymen Which was the most successful Grand National horse Who starred as the Six Million Dollar Man In the song Waltzing Matilda - What is a Jumbuck Who was Dan Dare's greatest enemy in the Eagle What is Dick Grayson better known as What was given on the fourth day of Christmas What was Skippy ( on TV ) What does a funambulist do What is the name of Dennis the Menace's dog What are bactrians and dromedaries Who played The Fugitive Who was the King of Swing Who was the first man to fly across the channel Who starred as Rocky Balboa In which war was the charge of the Light Brigade Who invented the television Who would use a mashie niblick In the song who killed Cock Robin What do deciduous...
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