Introduction.
This is an experiment to investigate into the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) and dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl). The formula for this reaction is: Na2S2O3 (aq) + 2HCl (aq) 2NaCl (aq) + S(s) + SO2 (g) + H2O (l).
This makes the products Sodium Chloride, Sulphur Dioxide, Sulphur and water
Rate of reaction is the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place. Some reaction can take less than a second and other can take over millions of years. During a reaction, we can measure the rate of reaction. The rate of reactions depends on the types of molecules that are combining. There is another thing in rates of reaction called the collision theory.
Substances in the liquid, aqueous and gaseous phase consist of particles in rapid and constant motion. The rate of a chemical reaction depends on three factors; the first is
- Collision Frequency
If a chemical reaction is to happen between two particles, they must first collide. The number of collisions between particles per unit time is known as the collision frequency of the system. This then can be altered by changing the concentration of reactants, total pressure, temperature or the size of the reacting particles.
These are all the factors in general that have distinct effects on rates of reaction.
The second factor in the collision theory is
-Collision Energy
Not all collisions result in chemical reactions. Most of the time the colliding particles just bounce off each other. These particular collisions are known as unsuccessful collisions; these usually happen when there isn’t enough energy for necessary bonds to be broken. However, if they do have enough energy. The combined energy of the colliding particles is known as the collision energy. Not all the particles in a given reaction have the same energy; they have a broad distribution of different energies. In a way