...The issue of this article is who should be responsible for paying a child’s college tuition. The author of this article feels that parents should not be or feel responsible for paying their child’s college tuition at all. Some of the reasons that the author gives for feeling this way, according to her which is the most important is that her parents did it to her. She feels that because this was something that her parents did to her, that all parents should follow the same example. The woman believes that this helped her to “feel a sense of accomplishment that she believes she couldn’t have gained from 50 college degrees all paid for by someone else.” (Richardson, 2000) She also feels that in following in her parents’ footsteps and putting herself through college gave her a sense of responsibility that she was able to pay her own way. These arguments are successful because the woman gives clear and concise reasons why she feels this way. She supports what she feels with examples from her own personal life that helped her to come to her conclusion. These arguments are also successful because she acknowledges that others may feel differently, but she still stands firm on her beliefs and provides reason why. A weakness in the argument would be that she just automatically assumes that since this was something her parents did to her, that it is completely within reason to do the same to her own daughter. She thinks that if her daughter wants to go to college bad enough, that she...
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...Chicago Tribune is about a gun range company that felt that not only adult should know how to handle a gun kids as well should too. GAT Gun in East dune decide to do this because many parents wanted to bring them to the rage and shoot as well. Even though these kids are not shooting until they know all the functions, the proper use and understanding the seriousness of a gun. All the kids are treated and talked to like they are an adult. This paper is very well written. Using the analytical reading strategy was the best way to read this article. By separating everything out helped me understand what the article was going to about. It had very eye catching word. It was written like you were standing in the gun range too. This article I felt was written for everyone due to it was explaining that kids wanted to learn how to handle a gun and for adults to see that if a kid knew how to handle a gun properly there might be a decrees in gun accidental deaths. If readers use the same reading strategy as I did they might not be so quick to not read this article because there are a lot of people who think that guns are pointless and...
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...the name of Rudolf Flesh did a comprehensive and in debt study on this issue. Mr. Flesh realized that the United States had a very high illiteracy rate and major reading problem and how television had a major effect on an individual’s reading ability. He surmised that, television instilled learning of memorization by word association. Remember Sesame Street. His answer the issue was phonic or phonetics, with the understanding that comprehension would come later. Remember Hooked on Phonics. In America today, most children are beginning or trying to talk around the age of two years. This is a time when language skills are just starting to develop. Even though it usually too early of an age to expect a child to read, there is no reason why the parent cannot start the reading process by reading aloud to them. Instilling reading into a child’s life can prove to be one of the most valuable skills that they will ever learn. (http://www.mannmuseum.com n.d) William and Johnson conducted an experiment to test a hypothesis or theory as to whether perceptual skills training will enhance reading performance of adolescence in school age children. As a basis for their study these adolescence where placed into three experimental groups of different categories. They are as follows: 1st. Remedial reading instructions, 2nd Reading instructions with spatial skills training and 3rd untreated control group. The study infers that, although there is a potential suggested association between basic...
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...Running Head: Why the “summer Slide” Phenomenon Why the “Summer Slide” Phenomenon Wesley Parker DTCC December 12, 2009 “Each fall, teachers regularly spend up to six weeks going over the same lessons their students had been taught the precious school year because of a phenomenon known as the “summer slide.” How kids spend their time outside of school is critically important to their success. It is a societal issue and something that is important to address, community-to-community and parent-to-parent,” said Ron Fairchlid, (2006). Executive Director of the Center for Learning at John Hopkins University). Summer Slide is a name given to the face that student who does not keep up with their level of academic skills over the summer loses them. This situation is usually found in low-income areas. This loss of memory is usually done to the lack of mental stimulation. Since this is a known problem, there are various ways to limit of even preventing this from happening to the students. Summer slide occurs for more than one reason, but the main one is lack of access to books, magazines, or newspapers in the home. In some cases there are no libraries or clubs in the immediate community. Then, there is the lack of education the parents have, most have no higher education themselves and therefore, are unable to persuade the children they need education, so there is a lack of motivation. There is a way of preventing this and for the middle or higher classes it is...
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...March 21, 2012 Effects of the Transition to a Visual Culture Lucinda Whitfield Western Governor University The world has begun to move to a culture full of visual images, this transition has even had an impact on literature and has shaped our world into a visual culture. In this paper, the writer will investigate the effects of visual literacy on society. Visual images are observed in many facets of global society. Vast amounts of information today is embedded in forms of media that does not solely rely on linguistics causing the new digital generation to have a need to develop new types of literacy skills. Messages that were once conveyed through literary texts are now communicated through other forms of media that are enhanced or supported by visual images. The emergence of a growing visual culture has led to a steady decline in literary culture and has several underlying effects. Mirzoeff argued (1998) “the visual culture defines and delimits the post-modern present in that the culture that we call postmodernism is best imagined and understood visually, just as the nineteenth century was classically represented in the newspaper and the novel” (p.5). Understanding what is seen versus what is read will likely continue to be an important acquired and needed skill for people of all ages. Several trends are believed to be contributors for the need to attain new literacy skills. In a time of reality television, movies, video gaming, and digital billboards, it is rare...
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...text-messaging on cell phones, we may well be reading more today than we did in the 1970s or 1980s, when television was our medium of choice. But it’s a different kind of reading, and behind it lies a different kind of thinking- perhaps even a new sense of self”(Carr, P.g 2). The article “Is Google Making Us Stupid? What the internet is doing to our brains”, is an interesting article written by critically acclaimed author Nicholas Carr. Nicholas Carr speaks upon how the internet is losing one's ability to concentrate on large physical texts or regular literature, and trading this ability for quick, to the point, internet articles and information. But this trade off is considering as without the ability to concentrate on literature, ones ability to critically analyze and have deep, thought provoking thoughts on what the person has read is suffered immensely. The main thesis that Nicholas Carr demonstrates throughout the article is “Once I was a scuba diver in the sea of words. Now I zip along the surface like a guy in a Jet Ski.” ( Carr. P.g 1). Nicholas Carr’s thesis explains that before we were all introduced and influenced by the internet, we were able to understand the physical text in front of us. We were able to have deep, critical thoughts that almost felt like an adventure. But now, do to the Internets speed and wealth of information, we don’t seek that adventure anymore. It is about (now) being able to quickly rush the reading and literature without understanding what is...
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...reading and studying focusing on print and online materials ISBN 1-256-09222-3 Keys to Effective Learning: Study Skills and Habits for Success, Sixth Edition, by Carol Carter, Joyce Bishop, and Sarah Lyman Kravits. Published by Allyn & Bacon. Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. c h a p t e r 7 hanh never had trouble keeping up with her high school reading assignments, but after four weeks of college she is already snowed under. With midterms coming in two weeks, she stays awake at night thinking about how much she has to learn. It seems as if all the reading she has done this term—particularly what she has read on the computer—has gone in one side of her brain and out the other, so she feels she has to start at the beginning. She has the sense that the way she is reading may be a problem, but it worked for her in the past, so why change now? In this chapter . . . you explore answers to the following questions: HOW can SQ3R help you own what you read? p. 190 WHAT improves reading comprehension? p. 200 HOW do you customize a text with highlighting and notes? p. 205 HOW can you read online materials effectively? p. 208 ISBN 1-256-09222-3 © Shutterstock Keys to Effective Learning: Study Skills and Habits for Success, Sixth Edition, by Carol Carter, Joyce Bishop, and Sarah Lyman Kravits. Published by Allyn & Bacon. Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Habit for Success ask questions Questions are the backbone of learning. They help...
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...Many define reading as the mere examination of text. If I were to define “reading” as the sustained perusing of text that is usually, but not always, associated with the printed word, “the hours spent prowling the Internet are [indeed] the enemy of reading”. (RICH 2008) Opponents contend that spending time on the Internet improves literacy in terms of the ability to read and write. The material available online is diverse, presenting different points of views on a topic quite unlike most books. The Internet also encourages writing with websites urging users to share their opinions and comments. Thus, opponents assert that the time devoted to Internet surfing enhances literacy for we are able gather considerably more information and practice our skill of reading and writing. However, opponents seem to neglect the fact that “many youths spend most of their time on … activities that involve minimal reading at best.”(RICH 2008) Furthermore, they do not take into account the final and perhaps most important facet of “literacy”: the ability to think critically about the text. Most adopt “skim-reading”, a rapid scanning of text to pick out the main ideas, which weakens our capacity for the kind of deep reading required for critical thinking. The Internet may serve up more knowledge than a book can but as Sven Birkerts contends, “we know countless more “bits” of information… [but] we know them without a stable sense of context” (Birkerts 1994). With little time taken to chew on and...
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...Academic Literacy in the Classroom Vincent Bordi Grand Canyon University: SED 535 February 6, 2013 Abstract Presented in this paper is a class and student profile concerning literacy traits as observed in a 9th grade health class at Lathrop High School. From classroom observations and personal research the class as a whole was analyzed on how they were able to read and write while also observing the strategies the teacher used to promote these literacy skills. To better understand literacy skills used by the teacher in the classroom there was a meeting between him and I where we discussed different strategies that he incorporates into his lessons. Attached are the observation summaries along with a Venn diagram that is based off one student that was individually observed. Introduction What do you need to know to become an educator for adolescents? It is obviously a requirement to master the content being taught and having the ability to manage a classroom; however educators are sometimes oblivious to one trait and that is teaching literacy. Most information in the secondary classroom is extracted from text and a common misconception is that it is not the responsibility of content instructors to teach literacy. It is often thought teaching how to read and write is up to English teachers while a content educator only needs to focus on their content. Observed Classroom as Whole From the little time spent observing the classroom a lot of information was...
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...that it would require you to engage in mind-numbing reading of chapter after chapter as is the case with many books on the subject. The information is written in a way to help you "see" and "practice" proven study techniques. This page is used in hundreds of schools and universities and is currently ranked by Google and Bing in the top ten for plain old "study skills" and "how to study effectively" and #1 by Google and Bing for "effective study skills" Want more? Available now is a new, inexpensive download or CD on how to improve not just your study skills, but your learning skills as well. It is STUDY SKILLS FOR SCHOOL SUCCESS 2.0, that includes in one program a greatly enhanced version of all the information below, and much, much more, including a new section on how to get better math grades and self-motivation. After all, isn't what works what really counts? Please click http://adprima.com/SSSS2/ssss2order.htm and see for yourself. There is little doubt that no two people study the same way, and it is a near certainty that what works for one person may not work for another. However, there are some general techniques that seem to produce good results. No one would argue that every subject that you have to take is going to be so interesting that studying it is not work but pleasure. We can only wish. Everyone is different, and for some students, studying and being motivated to learn comes naturally. If you are reading this page, it's likely that you are not one of them...
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...Reading Comprehension and Strategies Tyrone D. Ward COLL100 American Public University Linda Eckert Reading Comprehension and Strategies "Why can't Jonny Read"? This question was asked or resurrected back in the back in the1980s. A gentleman by the name of Rudolf Flesh did a comprehensive and in debt study on this issue. Mr. Flesh realized that the United States had a very high illiteracy rate and major reading problem and how television had a major effect on an individual’s reading ability. He surmised that, television instilled learning of memorization by word association. Remember Sesame Street. His answer the issue was phonic or phonetics, with the understanding that comprehension would come later. Remember Hooked on Phonics. In America today, most children are beginning or trying to talk around the age of two years. This is a time when language skills are just starting to develop. Even though it usually too early of an age to expect a child to read, there is no reason why the parent cannot start the reading process by reading aloud to them. Instilling reading into a child’s life can prove to be one of the most valuable skills that they will ever learn. (http://www.mannmuseum.com n.d) William and Johnson conducted an experiment to test a hypothesis or theory as to whether perceptual skills training will enhance reading performance of adolescence in school age children. As a basis for their study these adolescence where placed into three experimental groups...
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...AS1 – Self-assessment plan. Critically reflect on and systematically plan for subject knowledge development for the appropriate phase. Priorities Actions When and Resources Success Criteria Phonics - To develop confidence in regards to the teaching of phonics. 1. Use different types of media to inform my understanding of phonics. (YouTube) 2. Observe phonics teaching in KS1. 3. Obtain phonics teaching policy and review the phonics scheme that the school uses to teach phonics. 4. Read DfE core criteria key features for an effective systematic synthetic phonics teaching programme. 5. Identify key phonics vocabulary in NC. 6. Read academic and practitioner literature on effective phonics teaching. 1. Every weekend use the internet to observe phonics teaching. 2. Observe 1 lesson each week in placement 1. Arrange weekly. 3. During the first week ask KS1 or EYFS coordinator for the policy and scheme. 4. Obtain a copy online and print off. Review this weekly before each observation. 5. Obtain phase lists from KS1 coordinator during week 1. 6. Library search 22.09.15 Complete all actions in SE1 before SE2 in KS1. Score an average of ‘confident’ in phonics RPD self-assessment audit by the end of SE2. Fully understand and be able to explain the meaning of key phonics vocabulary. (179) Teaching Writing – Transcription, composition, vocabulary, grammar and punctuation (SPAG). 1. Create my own SPAG test. Allow a profile child to attempt the test. 2...
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...What is a Reader? When I first began reading at a young age, I would read the text, but I would not know exactly what I just read. It was sort of like traveling out of town, but not knowing exactly where I am going. I think that a reader is any person who is able to read and comprehend any form of text. This goes for people who can read languages other than English. I think that there are two types of readers; readers who reads, basically, if they have to, and readers who enjoy reading as a hobby. Stereotypically, an avid reader might have certain personality traits. For example, that person may be more conservative. I imagine an avid reader being very introverted and mostly wanting to stay to themselves. I would consider myself a person...
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...A child’s early experiences with literacy instruction can define his or her attitude towards reading and writing throughout life. Because of the impact on students, it is important for teachers to consider different modes of literacy instruction and the effects they have on students. I have examined my own experiences as an early reader as well as the DeFord Theoretical Orientation to Reading Profile (TORP) to develop my own emerging philosophy of reading. First, I explore my personal experiences as an early reader. My earliest experiences began before I even entered school. My parents often read aloud to me as a child. I remember my mother stopping to point out words, the letters in them, and what sound each one made. As I entered Kindergarten,...
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...sentences, which may consist of two or three clauses; • some words and phrases that are ambiguous or unfamiliar to the students, the meaning of which is supported by the context or clarified by photographs, illustrations, diagrams, and/or written explanations; • a straightforward text structure; • figurative language, such as metaphors, similes, or personification; • some abstract ideas that are clearly supported by concrete examples in the text or easily linked to the students’ prior knowledge; • some places where information and ideas are implicit and where students need to make inferences based on information that is easy to find because it is nearby in the text and there is little or no competing information. Reading standard, end of year 4 Options for curriculum contexts English (level 2, language features) • Show some understanding of how language features are used for effect within and across texts. The arts (level 2, dance, Developing Ideas) • Use the elements of dance in purposeful ways to respond to a variety of stimuli. The arts (level 2, visual arts, Communicating and Interpreting) • Share the ideas, feelings, and stories communicated by their own and others’ objects and images. Key competencies • Thinking • Using language,...
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