...Name: Ayesha Khan Class: BPA 2K13 Professor: Sr. Riffat Hussain An Analysis of the causes and similarities between the French, Russian and the Chinese Revolutions. An overview of how the tables have turned and how History has contributed in several ways to major political and social structuring that is taking place all around the globe in today’s world is a must in order to be able to link History with current affairs and better understand how and why certain historical events took place and had enough significance to challenge the existing system. The French, Russian and the Chinese revolutions are a perfect example of how totalitarian rule faced a strong challenge and with time was unable to resist this gradually fell apart. The revolutions paved way towards emancipation of the masses. The French revolutions success had a domino effect, the Russian followed in its footsteps and so did the Chinese. These revolutions may have not been exactly the same in nature but they did have similarities as far as causes and effects are concerned. This paper will work out an explanation of the causes and outcomes of the French Revolution of 1787-1800, the Russian Revolution of 1917-1921, and the Chinese Revolution of 1911-1949 and a detailed analysis of the three revolutions and historical references that will help understand the uprisings in a more credible manner and how although these revolutions took place at different times but their underlying goal was in many ways similar...
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...the world, has been forced to compete with lower-cost labor sources worldwide. Add the economic malaise of 2007-2008, and the years 2006-2010 reflect an economic upheaval never seen before, or likely, since. This exercise tracks the exchange rate between the US dollar and the Canadian dollar over that period, and , the author believes, tracks closely the macroeconomic conditions between the two countries during the selected period of 2006-2010. This paper will show that a review of economic history, followed by a review of the exchange rates for the fund, (symbol FXC), will show a close correlation. 2006-2007 saw the end of boom economics for many Americans. Loose credit policies allowed stock and real estate prices to expand rapidly. Real estate speculators would execute options on new condominiums, only to flip those contracts to another purchaser for profit before the property was built. Several forces combined to threaten collapse of the US financial markets, from rogue traders making huge bets that threatened the existence of their companies, to job losses, to remarketed sub prime consumer mortgage debt and devaluation of home prices, often to values below the debts attached to them. Stock markets were threatened with huge losses, so much that stock trading was suspended in several countries around the world for brief periods. (1) Also notable in October 2008 was the world currency markets...
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...The Global Financial Crisis Introduction The global financial crisis which started in early 2007 has proven to be perhaps the great financial catastrophe in history. Although it traces its roots back to the starting of the millennia, the subsequent meltdown was most gruesome over the past 3 years. What began as a crisis of the sub-prime mortgage market in the United States quickly transcended national borders and developed into a upheaval of epic proportions. What ensued was a systematic debacle of stock exchanges, investment banking, derivatives etc. all financial markets ranging from equity, currency, real estate, futures etc. In order to fully understand the devastation caused by this dilemma, we have to take focus on the core issues and identify the stream of events as they occurred and how they subsequently collapsed global financial markets. Housing Bubble Burst The global financial crisis began through the US sub-prime mortgage market. The past two decades leading up to the year 2005 had experienced phenomenal growth in terms of increases in housing prices. There was an abundance of capital flowing into the country and this translated into excess liquidity available for banks to lend out. The Sub-Prime Mortgage Market refers to a market where people with bad credit history can obtain house loans at relatively better rates. It doesn’t imply that the interest rates are low, but rather they don’t have to go through the rigors they would face due to their poor credit...
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...SHARJAH HIGHER COLLEGES OF TECHNOLOGY PROJECT COVER SHEET- (ASSESSMENT 2) [20%] Course Name | ECON N400 | Faculty Name | Angelo Olo | Project Title | Outlook of the UAE Economy | Due Date | Nov. 4, 2012 | Section | | Date Submitted | 3-11-2012 | Student Name | --- | Student ID | --- | This assessment will assess the following Learning outcomes: This assessment will assess the following learning outcomes: * LO 2: Analyze patterns of economic activity in the UAE from an oil-based economy to development of the non-oil sector. * LO 3: Evaluate the role of the non-oil sectors on the UAE economy. Declaration; Individual: * No part of this assignment has been copied from another source, (not from another group or student, an internet source or a book). * When another person’s words are used, this is shown in the text with “…” and referenced. * No part of this assignment has been written for me by any other person. * I have a copy of this assignment that I can produce if the first copy is lost or damaged.Name ………………………………………………… Signature …………………………………………….Declaration; Group: * No part of this assignment has been copied from another source, (not from another group or student, an internet source or a book). * When another person’s words are used, this is shown in the text with “…” and referenced. * No part of this assignment has been written by anyone other than the members of the group named below. * We have a copy of this assignment that...
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...The liquidity is engulfing the whole world and taking the shape of financial famine. In the period of strong global growth growing capital flow and prolonged stability market participant sought higher output without an adequate calculation of the risks and failed to exercise proper due diligence. Weak underwriting standards, unsound risk management practices increasingly complex and opaque financial products and consequent excessive leverage combined to create vulnerabilities in the system. At the same time what looked as brisk-effervescence is financial market ended up in becoming alarm ringer for a greater catastrophe in the coming years. This was started with a small upheaval created by the sub prime crisis in 2007 in the world’s largest and most significant financial markets U.S. later in 2008 the whole of brink of falling apart. Apart from expansion the deepening of financial markets occurred for most of the courtiers in recent times. The growths in financial capital asses for the countries have been much faster than the...
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...LEHMAN BROTHERS: TOO BIG TO FAIL? WILLIAM RYBACK LEHMAN BROTHERS: TOO BIG TO FAIL? Copyright by the Toronto Leadership Centre. This case was prepared exclusively for a class discussion at a Banking, Insurance or Securities session offered by the Toronto Centre. Information has been summarized and should not be regarded as complete or accurate in every detail. The text should be considered as class exercise material and in no way be used to reach conclusions about the nature or behaviour of any of the persons or institutions mentioned.. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form without the permission of the Toronto Leadership Centre for Financial Sector Supervision. Sources: This document is based on information that was in the public domain at the times mentioned or which became public after the resolution of the issues. It does not include information confidential to the financial institution involved. 1 LEHMAN BROTHERS: TOO BIG TO FAIL? WILLIAM RYBACK This case study is written and presented by William Ryback, former special advisor to the Financial Supervisory Service in Seoul, Korea; Deputy Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority; and career bank supervisor in the United States. The material presented is derived from public media sources. INTRODUCTION In this case study an example of a large bank failure and its after effects on the financial markets is presented...
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...THE ENDLESS CRISIS REPORT Introduction The Endless Crisis was written by John Bellamy Foster, the editor of Monthly Review and professor of sociology at the University of Oregon collaborating with Robert W. McChesney. The article came originally from the introduction of the book called The Endless Crisis: How Monopoly-Finance Capital Produces Stagnation and Upheaval from the United States to China. The Great Financial Crisis and the Great Recession began in the United States in 2007 and quickly spread across the globe, which appear to be the turning point of the world history. The recovery plan was set to two year, however the world economy five years after crisis is still in the sluggishness. The Traid – United States, Europe, and Japan remain caught in a slow growth condition, financial instability, and high unemployment rate. As a consequence, the effects spread globally. Despite the slowdown of the global economy, China is the only country found out to be a bright spot as its economy is still expanding. Different views on the Stagnation In the United States, the focus of financial crisis shifted to the idea of economic stagnation. The idea of stagnation was introduced by authorities and published books as follow. Firstly, Ben Bernanke, chairman of Federal Reserve Board said on his speech in 2011 that the stagnation was not affects only the United States, but the global economy as a whole. He moreover stressed that he do not expect the long-run potential growth...
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...Starwood Hotels and Resorts Worldwide, Inc. An American hotel and leisure company headquartered in Stamford, Connecticut It owns, operates, franchises and manages hotels, resorts, spas, residences, and vacation ownership properties under its nine owned brands. * Westin * Sharton * Four Points by Sharoton * The Luxury Collection * W Hotel * St. Regis * Le Meridian * Aloaf, a vision by W Hotel * Elements by Westin Started out as starwoods lodging, formed by real estates of starwoods capitial to take advantage of the tax break. Starwoods lodging owned a numbers of hotels around north America In 1994 the Westin hotel company was bought over, from japan Aiko company In 1998 Starwoods buy over the Sharton, Four points by Sharton and The Luxury collection from ITT 1995 Starwoods launched the W Hotel 2005 Sept Starwoods launched The Loaf, based on W Hotel, cater to business travelers In 2005, Starwood purchased the Le Méridien brand Starwood began selling a number of its company-owned hotels, instead focusing on becoming a management company and franchiserfor its current and future hotel brands Starwood also has customer contact centers (CCC) all over the world. A new CCC was just opened in Wichita, KS. This makes it 10 CCC worldwide.( Austin, Texas; Fall River, Massachusetts; Lancaster, California; St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada; Cork, Ireland; Singapore; Tokyo, Japan; Guangzhou, China; and Gurgaon, India) WESTIN Starwood's largest...
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...International Research Journal of Finance and Economics ISSN 1450-2887 Issue 85 (2012) © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2012 http://www.internationalresearchjournaloffinanceandeconomics.com Sensitivity of Sector Risk-Return Relationships in the Saudi Arabian Stock Market Bruce Q. Budd College of Business, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia E-mail: bbudd@alfaisal.edu Declan McCrohan College of Business, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia E-mail: dmccrohan@alfaisal.edu Abstract Since 2001 the development of the Saudi Arabian capital market has dramatically improved its technical infrastructure. The very nature of these new emerging markets necessitates the need for establishing a benchmark for future equity analysis. It is against this backdrop that this paper investigates the sensitivity of sector risk-return relationships in the Saudi Arabian Stock Market. Using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the beta and alpha coefficients are calculated and later refined with a rolling regression technique. Results suggest that beta is time variant. Using a static beta measurement without consideration to its relative daily instability, distorted sector-market relationship signals and lead to spurious results. This suggests one should not rely on the traditional beta measurement as a sole guiding investment tool. The contribution of this paper provides a more refined technique, a rolling beta, to accurately capture daily valuation...
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...BNP (Banque Nationale de Paris) On March 7, 1848 by the French Provisional Government founded the Comptoir national d'escompte de Paris (CEP) in response to the financial shock caused by the revolution of February 1848. The upheaval destroyed the old credit system, which was already struggling to provide sufficient capital to meet the demands of the railway boom and the resulting growth of industry. The CEP grew steadily in France and overseas, although in 1889 there was a crisis in which it was temporarily placed in receivership. Separately on April 18, 1932 the French Government replaced Banque nationale de crédit (BNC) which failed as a result of the 1930s recession with the new bank Banque nationale pour le commerce et l'industrie (BNCI). The former banks headquarter and staff were used to create BNCI with fresh capital of 100 millions francs. The bank initially grew rapidly through absorbing a number a regional banks that got into financial trouble. After the Second World War it continued to grow steadily. It grew its retail business in France and its commercial business overseas in the French colonial empire. After the end of the Second World War, the French State decided to "put banks and credit to work for national reconstruction". René Pleven, then Minister of Finance, launched a massive reorganization of the banking industry. A law passed on 2 December 1945 and which went into effect on the 1 January 1946 Nationalized the four leading French retail banks: Banque nationale...
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...[pic] TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 INTRODUCTION 5 KONGO GUMI ENVIRONMENT 7 Feudal Japan 8 The Restoration of Edo 8 The Meiji Restoration 9 World War 1 12 The Mid War Period 13 World War 2 15 The Occupation of Japan and Post War Reconstruction 16 The Economic Miracle 17 The Lost Decade 18 Global Financial Crisis 19 Natural Disasters 20 Abenomics 21 STRATEGIES KONGO GUMI USED TO SURVIVE TURBULENCE 23 Kongo Gumi in the 20th Century 23 Meiji restoration 23 The Mid War Period 24 World war 11 24 KONGO GUMI WOULD HAVE SURVIVED IF: 25 WOULD KONGO GUMI HAVE SURVIVED IF IT MADE IT THROUGH TO THE ABENOMICS ERA? 26 LESSONS FROM KONGO GUMI 27 CONCLUSION 28 REFERENCES 31 Appendix 1 – Infographic of Japan’s timeline EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Kongo Gumi was a success as it operated in a stable industry. The belief system has survived for thousands of years and has many millions of adherents. With this firm foundation, Kongo had survived some tumultuous times. The temple construction had until recently been a reliable mainstay, contributing 80% of Kongo Gumi's $67.6 million in 2004 revenues. The story of Kongo Gumi suggests that firms should blend elements of conservatism and flexibility. This means that firms should stay in the same business for more than a millennium and...
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.... UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ x : In re : : LEHMAN BROTHERS HOLDINGS INC., : et al., : : Debtors. : ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ x Chapter 11 Case No. 08‐13555 (JMP) (Jointly Administered) REPORT OF ANTON R. VALUKAS, EXAMINER March 11, 2010 Jenner & Block LLP 353 N. Clark Street Chicago, IL 60654‐3456 312‐222‐9350 919 Third Avenue 37th Floor New York, NY 10022‐3908 212‐891‐1600 Counsel to the Examiner VOLUME 1 OF 9 Sections I & II: Introduction, Executive Summary & Procedural Background Section III.A.1: Risk EXAMINER’S REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 1 Introduction, Sections I & II: Executive Summary & Procedural Background Introduction ...................................................................................................................................2 I. Executive Summary of The Examiner’s Conclusions ......................................................15 A. Why Did Lehman Fail? Are There Colorable Causes of Action That Arise From Its Financial Condition and Failure?..................................................................15 B. Are There Administrative Claims or Colorable Claims For Preferences or Voidable Transfers...
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...GENERAL GROWTH PROPERTIES: TO THE BRINK AND BACK December 6, 2011 Students: Yu (Cherry) Chen, Kevin Connolly, Bill Davis, Stephen Duncan, James Faello, Michael Hazinski, Noah Johnson Faculty Supervisor: Joseph L. Pagliari, Jr. Copyright © 2011 The Real Estate Group at The University of Chicago Booth School of Business All Rights Reserved This case study has been prepared solely for academic purposes. It should not be construed as a judgment about or an endorsement of any particular business matter. Moreover, the information contained herein has been obtained from sources we believe to be reliable; however, we make no representation or warranty as to its accuracy. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... - 1 GENERAL GROWTH BACKGROUND ............................................................................ - 7 2004: A Historic Year for General Growth........................................................................ - 9 2005-2006: Secured Mortgages and Increasing Debt ..................................................... - 16 Simon vs. GGP - Capital Markets Strategy ..................................................................... - 24 IMPACT OF THE CREDIT CRISIS .................................................................................. - 31 GGP Faces Liquidity Challenge .................................................................................
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...the fourth largest software exporter in India until January 2009. As one of the largest software company, Satyam traded in the Bombay Stock Exchange, the national Stock Exchange and New York Exchange. Satyam grew rapidly with customers stretching over 66 countries and was ranked at 185th on the Fortune 500 companies list. In 2008, Satyam received the the Global Peacock Award for global excellence in corporate accountability. Satyam continued to grow even when stock markets around the world were collapsing. In December 2008, Mr. Raju wanted to merge Matyas a real-estate company with Satyam. Matyas a company owned by his family was a complete diversity from the software company. Raju and his family owned a lot more shares in Matyas than they did in Satyam. The merge caused investors to question Mr. Raju’s intentions. The stockholders objected to the merge and the idea was aborted. However, the damage had already been done. The investors had lost faith and Satyam’s stocks plunged to an unbelievable low. Ironically, the word Satyam means Truth in Sanskrit and as the world watched the truth about Raju started to unravel. Fraud is Uncovered In October of 2008, World Bank fired Satyam and restrictions were put in place against the company from bidding for eight years. World Bank alleged that that Satyam had placed spy systems on their computers and that they were stealing assets from the World Bank. The proposed merge had also caused investors to question Raju’s intentions, so they...
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...Business Environment (A project report on FOREIGN COMPANIES OPERATING IN INDIA AND THEIR ENTRY STRATAGIES) My Project report covers: * Introduction * Types of Entry Strategies in India * Two Case studies * Conclusion * Sources Introduction: India Strategy Assessment Businesses entering India should analyse the following points before selecting the Entry Strategy: * Am I entering India at the right time? * How do I get my project approved and deal with the legal regulations? * Who are my sourcing partners? India an incredible promise, demonstrating rapid growth and entrepreneurial spirit. Brickwork India is definitely the gateway to the best of India. We help you in evolving innovative and intelligent strategies to foray your efforts into India. We are a specialist firm that can develop, mould, and monitor your India business strategies. We visualize, implement, and realize India entry strategies for companies from across the globe. Our services include consultancy in Setups, Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A), Partner Search, Market Research, Procurement Research, Supplier and Distributor Research, etc. We have an exclusive network of professionals, analysts, thought leaders, industry experts, and bureaucrats who help you in a smooth execution of India Strategy projects. Market Intelligence Market & Industry Analysis Company Profiling Feasibility Studies Competitor Analysis Entry Strategy Market...
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