...strategic decision making by 16 effective chief executive officers (and three not-soeffective ones as contrast), I propose a model for ethical decision making in business in which reasoning (conscious processing) and intuition (subconscious processing) interact through forming, recalling, and applying moral principles necessary for long-term success in business. Following the CEOs in the study, I employ a relatively new theory, rational egoism, as the substantive content of the model and argue it to be consistent with the requirements of longterm business success. Besides explaining the processes of forming and applying principles (integration by essentials and spiraling), I briefly describe rational egoism and illustrate the model with a contemporary moral dilemma of downsizing. I conclude with implications for further research and ethical decision making in business. Keywords Ethical decision making Á Integration by essentials Á Intuition Á Moral principles Á Rational egoism Á Reason Introduction Whether people make decisions ethically or not is not a trivial matter, as the outcome of those decisions can make a significant difference to their...
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....……….7 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………...8 Recommendation…………………………………………………………..8-9 Reference……………………………………………………………………10 Appendix, All three Articles..……………………………………………….11 ABSTRACT When we think of workplace violence, we generally think of that employee who goes into a business and shoots up the place; however today workplace violence can come in many forms! Bullying, Intimate Partner Violence and Gossip are just a few areas addressed in this paper. They say one out of every six violent crimes occurs in the workplace. No organization, regardless of size or type of business, is immune to workplace violence. Workplace violence is a daily occurrence for many people in today’s society and needs more attention other than when it reaches the news. “Far more frequent than killing rampages at the office are cases of workplace bullying and workplace assault. Employment experts say stopping these dangerous situations early can prevent problems from spiraling out of control or turning deadly (http://articles.cnn.com/2010-08-23/living/workplace.violence.difficult.problem_1_workplace-violence-workplace-murder-sacs-com).” INTRODUCTION While news coverage of workplace shooting incidents defines the public consciousness of what “workplace violence” is the true definition of workplace violence is far broader. While mass shootings represent the extreme apex of vicious acts, workplace violence...
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...The Toxic Workplace Organizational Behaviour Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the inter-relationship of incivility and toxicity, how bullies are able to become toxic managers, and how they are allowed to develop in a toxic organization. We also analyze the development of organizational pain and how toxin handlers deal it with. Finally, we hope to assess if there is any validity to claims that ‘Generation Z’ is responsible for the recent prevalence of workplace toxicity. What is a toxic workplace? Overview of Toxicity: “Violence, aggression, bullying, tyranny, harassment, deviance, and injustice …” (Cortina 2001), the ‘magnificent seven’ anti-socialites comprising Workplace Toxicity. A relatively new field of study, the idea of workplace toxicity develops from the impact of bullying, and the emotional consequences it has on the organization. There has been surging interest over the past two decades on the cause and effect of bullying in the workplace (Rayner, 2002); and an ever-growing number of studies, since Leymann in 1990, would suggest that interest in this field may be attributed to the increase of disgruntled employees and employee violence which became prevalent in 1986 (the USPS incident in Edmond, Oklahoma). “There are three inevitable results of toxic workplaces: Poor Performance, Severe Health Issues, and the Loss of Talented Employees. “(Amy Scholten) A toxic workplace can be essentially summed up as any organization...
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...PREFACE 3 Int. Studies of Mgt. & Org., vol. 36, no. 4, Winter 2006–7, pp. 3–8. © 2007 M.E. Sharpe, Inc. All rights reserved. ISSN 0020–8825 / 2007 $9.50 + 0.00. DOI 10.2753/IMO0020-8825360400 Preface Globalization and Its Effects on International Strategy and Cross-Cultural Management Globalization is one of today’s most controversial buzzwords, though the spread of this term worldwide since the early 1990s may be testimony to its own significance. Skeptics argue that the entire discussion about globalization is unjustified, as all its essential facets—foreign trade, cultural exchange, technological progress and cross-national cooperation—are not new but are phenomena that can be traced back to our earliest civilizations. So, is globalization just a myth or a euphemism for the deregulation mantra under the supremacy of Anglo-American capitalism and for an economization of areas previously unrelated to the pressure of competitiveness, the market principle, and the price mechanism? Are the current trade patterns truly global, when 80 percent of trade is conducted within the “triad” of western Europe, North America, and the Pacific Rim, which together make up only 20 percent of the world’s population? Contrary to these arguments, we believe that globalization is as new a phenomenon as the term itself and that it does merit the attention it now receives in scholarly, political, and managerial debates. It is less a question of some new occurrences but is more so one that transgresses...
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...PREFACE 3 Int. Studies of Mgt. & Org., vol. 36, no. 4, Winter 2006–7, pp. 3–8. © 2007 M.E. Sharpe, Inc. All rights reserved. ISSN 0020–8825 / 2007 $9.50 + 0.00. DOI 10.2753/IMO0020-8825360400 Preface Globalization and Its Effects on International Strategy and Cross-Cultural Management Globalization is one of today’s most controversial buzzwords, though the spread of this term worldwide since the early 1990s may be testimony to its own significance. Skeptics argue that the entire discussion about globalization is unjustified, as all its essential facets—foreign trade, cultural exchange, technological progress and cross-national cooperation—are not new but are phenomena that can be traced back to our earliest civilizations. So, is globalization just a myth or a euphemism for the deregulation mantra under the supremacy of Anglo-American capitalism and for an economization of areas previously unrelated to the pressure of competitiveness, the market principle, and the price mechanism? Are the current trade patterns truly global, when 80 percent of trade is conducted within the “triad” of western Europe, North America, and the Pacific Rim, which together make up only 20 percent of the world’s population? Contrary to these arguments, we believe that globalization is as new a phenomenon as the term itself and that it does merit the attention it now receives in scholarly, political, and managerial debates. It is less a question of some new occurrences but is more so one that transgresses...
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...Business, Government, and Society MGT 430 Term Research Paper Television Media Yolanda Scott Sunday, December 13th, 2009 Table of Contents History of the Television…………………………………………………………Pages 3-6 Stakeholders of the Industry……………………………………………………...Pages 6-8 Role of the Industry………………………………………………………………Pages 8-13 Ethics of the Industry……………………………………………………………..Page 14 Rating of the Industry…………………………………………………………….Page 14-15 Accomplishments………………………………………………………………...Page 15-16 Comparison to Saint Leo Values…………………………………………………Page 16-17 When I think of the T.V. Media industry several things come to mind involving the history of how it came along being that I will only be thirty years old next week and much older it is than I. Television is an invention that came about years before my time and it is one of those things in life that I have become a custom to always having and not knowing anything different. There was a time when televisions did not exist and the radio was all that was around. Then the television came around but not in the color version that we are all used to but in black and white and remote controls were not a part of the standard television package like now. Remote controls came years later once televisions were upgraded to color. We have come a long way in the innovative upgrades of televisions because now we have plasma and HDTV flat panel televisions with advanced remote controls...
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...wars, the rise and fall of mighty empires and civilization that has endured, thrived and seized much of our anthropological destiny. The legend of the land bespokes incursions by the vedic Aryans, theSakas (huns), the marauding proselytizers of the Persian Caliphate and the like, all of whom characteristically came to these bountiful lands and transfixed by its magnanimity they decided the stay, rule and most pertinently build a life, in a home and away from home; conjuring, tales of the golden age of Guptas,down the ages, to the magnificence of Imperial Mughal Courts. The tides of change would subject this indomitable motley crew of civilization with history’s most prominent protagonist - Colonization. As Ottomans through the market realities of economics gripped at the purse strings of Europe; obliging the European monarchies, basking in renaissance of the Age of Enlightenment, tosend a myriad brave sailor in search of succor. The tides of change brought the valiant enlightened sails of Europe to the shores of India and thus came too ushered in the setting of the eastern sun and zenith of Imperialistic Europe. Unlike, the incursions of old the enlightened Europeansfiercely subscribed to the dogmatic philosophies of the Doctrine of Discovery and Terra Nullis to regard these lands as mere fields of raw material designed to fuel the industry of Europe; while, its indigenous lost to the light of ‘The Faith’ ought to be mere tools in this grand economical experiment - colonialism...
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...IIM BANGALORE Final Report for Contemporary Concerns Study Project Repositioning Strategy for Indian Pharmaceutical Companies in Global Context Submitted to PROFESSOR MURALI PATIBANDLA (FACULTY,CORPORATE STRATEGY AND POLICY) Submitted By Ravela Madhurika- 1211132 Tanveer Mohd Ansari-1211151 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Global Pharma Industry ............................................................................................................................ 3 Major players of the world pharmaceutical industry ................................................................................... 5 Major Players ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Pfizer Inc................................................................................................................................................ 6 GlaxoSmithKline .................................................................................................................................... 6 Sanofi-Aventis ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Novartis ..............................................................................................................
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...+ Models ORGDYN-404; No. of Pages 9 Organizational Dynamics (2011) xxx, xxx—xxx a v a i l a b l e a t w w w. s c i e n c e d i r e c t . c o m journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/orgdyn Emerging HR management trends in India and the way forward Pawan S. Budhwar, Arup Varma INTRODUCTION Over the last decade or so, India has emerged as a major player on the global economic front. To a great extent, India’s enhanced global economic importance is due to the economic reforms that were initiated in 1991. The reforms have been instrumental in creating tremendous opportunities for businesses, in particular for foreign operators. Bodies like the World Bank predict that if India can sustain its economic growth over the next decade, then it is likely to become one of the leading economies of the world. Needless to say, there are many issues that still need urgent attention — among these, development of infrastructure, control over corruption and bureaucratic red tape, opening-up of key sectors for foreign investments, political and legal reforms, enhancing employable skills in new graduates, control over increasing poverty, internal and external security, and divestments in the public sector, etc. In addition, issues related to the management of human resources have become crucial for India’s sustained economic growth. The liberalization of economic policies calls for a switch from labor intensive to more capital-intensive methods of production, and thus requires organizations...
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...it.” -Albert Einstein Aditya P. Tripathi* Abstract The Indian retail sector is going through a transformation and this emerging market is witnessing a significant change in its growth and investment pattern. Both existing and new players are experimenting with new retail formats. Currently two popular formats hypermarkets and supermarkets are growing at a rapid pace. Apart from the brick –mortar formats, brick -click and click-click formats are also increasingly functional on the Indian retail landscape. Consumer dynamics in India is also changing and the retailers need to take note of this and formulate their strategies and tactics to deliver the exact expected value to the customer. In the backdrop of all these developments the present paper makes an attempt to: Explain the emerging trends in the development of Modern Retail formats in Indian Context and Highlights the emerging Rural Retail Landscape and also, Reveals the Consumer Shopping Behavior (Across the Country) among the Modern Retail Formats with special reference to Delhi & NCR. The empirical data has been collected with the help of Primary as well as secondary resources. Key Words: Hypermarket, Convenience Store, Retailing, Malls, Shoppers Introduction India has witnessed a frenetic pace of retail development over the past five years. Goldman Sachs has estimated that the Indian Economic growth could actually exceed that of China by 2015. It is believed that the Country has potential to deliver the...
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...leading role. The restructuring of the organization has vastly improved performance. Grouping the cement and the concrete division under the same country manager instead of having two enables specific focus to the end consumer as well as cutting unnecessary internal costs. After organizational restructuring, the company changed it’s geographical focus going from the normal traditional structures in place in Asia, Middle East, Europe and North America, to new adaptable structures in emerging markets. This change included dividing operations into 3 regions, so that each center would be a mix of both emerging and developing – this way. Weaker markets could piggyback on the benefits of developed regions. This approach stemmed from the reality that emerging countries are driving sustainable needs for infrastructure and housing. Changing the product portfolio and market differentiation remained a top priority for Lafarge. Two main projects have been launched by the Boston Company Group, to achieve the right balance of product and market differentiation. BCG launched the Extra Mile and the RTM (Route to Market) projects. The two projects aim to change the product portfolio by adapting the cement characteristics through changing additive quantities, and production processes using...
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...Theories of Communication – MCM 511 VU LESSON 01 COMMUNICATION Defining communication Communication is seen as central to our everyday ideas about what makes life worth living. It is not surprising that academicians have attempted to unravel the secrets of the communication process. In this section of the study we will examine the theorizing and theories of this discipline of communication. To understand communication theory we need to understand the nature of communication. Nature of communication People define terms in different ways, and those differences in definition can have a profound impact on the extent to which we understand each other and the way we move forward with both academic and everyday pursuits. Given the variety of ways in which words are used and understood, we are often ill-served to search for the single, so-called correct definition of a term. In other words, it is better to evaluate definition in terms of their utility rather than in terms of their correctness. So we should not assume that there is always a single right way to define a concept. There is a great deal of variation in the definitions. Some are very abstract and some are extremely specific. Few definitions are cited below. Communication is the process by which an individual (the communicator) transmits stimuli (usually verbal) to modify the behavior of other individuals (the audience). (Hovland Janis and Kelly in 1953) Communication is the process by which we understand others and in turn...
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...Topic: What begins people’s discovery of science? Thesis: “Hypotheses non fingo,” Newton confidently claimed. Therefore, he arbitrarily excluded the “hypothesis” from the experimental philosophy. Affected by him, more and more remarks neglected the importance of the “hypotheses” since then. As a result, it becomes a common view that discovery should proceed from analytic methods stricto sensu. Then, what is the real definition of hypothesis in Newton’s opinion ? Will he believe in intuition? Therefore, I will try to explain the definition of both “hypothesis” and “intuition”, and then attach significance to the “intuition” to show how the intuition begins a new discovery of science and struggle to prove that sometimes, the intuition can be a quite strong power to lead us to reach our confirmations. Outline: 1. The moment when I realize the importance of the intuition (Faraday) 2. The definition of hypothesis and intuition 3. The supporter- Einstein (using his examples as detailed ones) 4. The other famous successful discoveries in four different fields: Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geography (describing the main story of each example) 5. How should we treat the intuition? What should we do after the intuition? 6. The conclusion includes 1) The importance of the intuition, 2) The significant role it has acted in the history of science, 3) Its efficiency of finding a certain answer, 4) An interesting analogy to show the role of intuition Body: ...
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...Academy of Management Learning & Education, 2005, Vol. 4, No. 1, 75–91. ........................................................................................................................................................................ Bad Management Theories Are Destroying Good Management Practices SUMANTRA GHOSHAL Advanced Institute of Management Research (AIM), UK and London Business School The corporate scandals in the United States have stimulated a frenzy of activities in business schools around the world. Deans are extolling how much their curricula focus on business ethics. New courses are being developed on corporate social responsibility. Old, highly laudatory cases on Enron and Tyco are being hurriedly rewritten. “What more must we do?”, the faculty are asking themselves in grave seminars and over lunch tables (Bartunek, 2002). Business schools do not need to do a great deal more to help prevent future Enrons; they need only to stop doing a lot they currently do. They do not need to create new courses; they need to simply stop teaching some old ones. But, before doing any of this, we—as business school faculty—need to own up to our own role in creating Enrons. Our theories and ideas have done much to strengthen the management practices that we are all now so loudly condemning. vested interests, which are dangerous for good or evil” Keynes (1953: 306). This is precisely what has happened to management. Obsessed as they are with the “real world” and sceptical...
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...decades, poverty-focused MFIs based on Islamic principles are lagging behind. This paper provides the theoretical basis, operational framework, and empirical support for the establishment of Islamic MFIs. After critically evaluating the conventional MFIs, an Islamic alternative is presented. The theoretical part of the paper shows that there is a great potentiality of Islamic MFIs that can cater for the needs of the poor. Islamic MFIs have some inherent characteristics that can mitigate some of the problems faced by conventional MFIs. Empirical evidence from three Islamic MFIs operating in Bangladesh, in general, supports some of the theoretical assertions. The case studies, however, reveal that Islamic MFIs have not yet tapped some of the sources of funds, nor have they used the variety of financial instruments in their operations. 1 ?. INTRODUCTION With the failure of experimenting in top-down (trickle down) development policies for a few decades to alleviate poverty in most developing countries, financing microenterprises is considered a “new paradigm” for bringing about development and eradicating absolute poverty. 1 Though the importance of developing small-scale enterprises has been discussed for a long time, the innovative poverty focused group-based financing of microentrepreneurs is a relatively new concept. Pioneered by Professor Muhammed Yunus of Grameen ∗ Economist, Islamic Research and Training Institute, Islamic Development Bank. I gratefully acknowledge the assistance...
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