...Algorithms and Methods in Recommender Systems Daniar Asanov Berlin Institute of Technology Berlin, Germany Abstract—Today, there is a big veriety of different approaches and algorithms of data filtering and recommendations giving. In this paper we describe traditional approaches and explane what kind of modern approaches have been developed lately. All the paper long we will try to explane approaches and their problems based on a movies recommendations. In the end we will show the main challanges recommender systems come across. II. T RADITIONAL R ECOMMENDER A PPROACHES A. Content-based filtering Content-based recommender systems work with profiles of users that are created at the beginning. A profile has information about a user and his taste. Taste is based on how the user rated items. Generally, when creating a profile, recommender systems make a survey, to get initial information about a user in order to avoid the new-user problem. [2] In the recommendation process, the engine compares the items that were already positively rated by the user with the items he didnt rate and looks for similarities. Those items that are mostly similar to the positively rated ones, will be recommended to the user. Figure 1 shows an example of a user profile with the movies he/she has watched and the ratings the user made. Figure 2 shows the list of movies and their attribute-values. A contentbased recommender system would find out movies from the list (Figure 2) that the user has already watched and...
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...System Recommendation for UM&UC Executive Summary UM&UC is a firm that designs, builds, and sells precision measurement tools which are used in scientific, medical, and energy industries. The sales team has become extremely mobile and are facing challenges that impact the effectiveness of the team. UM&UC hired an independent consulting firm to analyze these challenges and make recommendations to improve the sales and sales support effectiveness. The findings of the consulting firm were that the sales and sales support teams are mainly mobile. The sales and sales support teams also need the same capabilities available at a UM&UC facility, but through a mobile device. The IT infrastructure of UM&UC has not kept up with the growing needs of the sales and sales support teams, and many of the team members are trying to use personal mobile devices to help bridge the gap; team members are finding that these devices do not have the necessary access to company IT resources. UM&UC has set aside funding to act upon the recommendations set by the independent consulting firm. They will transition the sales team and other members to tablet style mobile devices. UM&UC has set aside funding and is ready to choose a standard device and implement it for the sales and sales support teams. Recommendation Scope A standard tablet style device will be chosen for each member of the sales and sales support teams. Each unit will not exceed $750. The tablet...
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...company, partnership, etc. and registering it with the appropriate entities. Obtaining a federal tax identification number is also necessary in order to file the appropriate tax returns, open bank accounts, and eventually pay employees. Finally, a location can be found to house the business and employees can be hired. After completing all of the above steps the new focus would be on the structure of the company. The structure is comprised of many factors such as effectively leading the employees towards the goals of the company, managing the funds of the company, and establishing additional ways of maximizing the overall wealth of the company. Creating and maintaining an accounting system is of vital importance for a growing company. The first step to creating an accounting system is choosing which accounting method to use. The Cash Method (or Cash Basis) is when income is counted when it is received (either as cash, credit card charges or check) and the expenses are counted when they are actually paid. This is the most common method for small businesses, especially those that take immediate payment for a product or service. The Accrual Method (or Accrual Basis) is when income is counted when a sale is made (regardless if you actually receive the money for it) and expenses are counted upon receipt of the good or service (rather than paying for it immediately upon ordering). This method is common for...
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...Recommendations on Implementing Automated Inventory Management Systems at Al-Baldani Trading Contracting Establishment. (BBA-604) Synopsis submitted by: Arifa Jamil Syed BBA (General) 541110506 Table of Content Executive Summary 3 Part 1: Understanding the industry & company 4 Part 2: Introduction 6 Objective 6 Methodology 7 Conclusion 8 5. Recommendation 8 Part 3: 1. Appendix 9 (Part 1) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The goal of this project is to...
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...York Library Journals and Magazines: HR, Management, & Organizational Behaviour All of the following journals are available in print and/or electronic format from the York University Libraries. Electronic journals are available only to current York University students, faculty and staff. In order to access the journals online from off-campus locations, you will need to login with your Passport York ID or an active library card i.e. YU Card and PIN. • Human Resource Management and Organizational Behaviour Titles • Industrial Relations Titles • Related Journals Human Resource Management and Organizational Behaviour Titles Academy of Management Executive Academy of Management Journal Also available in print: v.48, 2005 - Bronfman Business Library. Call no.: HF 5001 A24, non-circulating. Freely available E-journal. Academy of Management Learning & Education Also available in print: v.5, 2006 - Bronfman Business Library. Call no.: HD 30.4 A28, non-circulating. Freely available E-journal. Academy of Management Proceedings Academy of Management Review Also available in print: v.30, 2005 - Bronfman Business Library. Call no.: HF 5001 A25, non-circulating. Freely available E-journal. Across the Board Also available in print: v.32, 1995 - v.43, no.4, 2006. In stacks; v.13, no.10, 1976 - v.31, 1994. In storage. Bronfman Business Library. Call no.: HC 101 N3 Administrative Science Quarterly Also available in print: v.53, 2008 – Frost Library...
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...Manager, Telecoms & Broadcast Services * Managing existing clientele and building new potential customers in the assigned territory * Responsible for developing, positioning and selling the broadcast service across the region * Continually building and improving the broadband, multimedia and broadcast services thru innovative pre-sales and marketing activities. * Working closely with engineering and product team to improve delivery of Speedcast products and services. MEASAT Satellite Systems – Assistant Manager, Ground Engineering * To co-ordinate, monitor and perform all ground systems equipment and VAS maintenance and operations; * To perform anomaly / fault investigation and produce appropriate documentation / technical reports as directed; * To develop new testing procedure and suggest procedure enhancement for increase operating efficiency; * To participate in the procuring, commissioning and testing of new earth station or VAS systems. Be part of the...
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...for watching video? Can you identify any shortcomings of the device? 2. Compare the capabilities of the Kindle to the iPad. Which is a better device for reading books? Explain your answer. 3. Would you like to use an iPad or Kindle for the books you use in your college courses or read for pleasure instead of traditional print publications? Why or why not? II Porter’s competitive forces model helps companies develop competitive strategies using information systems. In this context answer the following questions: 1. Define Porter’s competitive forces model and explain how it works. 2. Describe what the competitive forces model explains about competitive advantage. 3. List and describe four competitive strategies enabled by information systems that firms can pursue. 4. Describe how information systems can support each of these competitive strategies and give examples. 5. Explain why aligning IT with business objectives is essential for strategic use of systems. III Discussion Questions 1. It has been said that there is no such thing as a sustainable competitive advantage. Do you agree? Why or why not? 2. It has been said that the advantage that leading-edge retailers such as Dell and Wal-Mart have over their competition isn’t technology; it’s their management. Do you agree? Why or why not? 3. What are some of the issues to consider in determining whether the Internet would provide your business with a...
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...Structural functional theory is when society is a complex system of interconnected and interrelated social structures each having a function and working together to promote social stability. One hundred million people shop at Wal-Mart every week. Wal-Mart is very convenient for people to shop at. Most people do not even have to shop at other stores because Wal-Mart has everything. It’s also convenient because it is right around the corner from a lot of customers houses; they don’t have to travel far to find a Wal-Mart store so they save gas. People already know that Wal-Mart has the lowest prices so they don’t have to search for stores with low prices. The items sold are good quality as well as cheap. What more could someone ask for. Wal-Mart is a world leader in logistics and promotes greater efficiency between its suppliers. Bob McAdam who is the Wal-Mart vice president states in the video, “We are raising the standard of living through lowering the cost of goods for people.” He is saying that Wal-Mart is good for Structural functional theory is when society is a complex system of interconnected and interrelated social structures each having a function and working together to promote social stability. One hundred million people shop at Wal-Mart every week. Wal-Mart is very convenient for people to shop at. Most people do not even have to shop at other stores because Wal-Mart has everything. It’s also convenient because it is right around the corner from a lot of customers houses;...
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...The systems approach Attempts to reconcile the classical approach (emphasised the technical requirements of the organisation and its needs) with the human relations approach (emphasised the psychological and social aspects, and the consideration of humans needs). The attention is focused on the total work organization and the interrelationship of structure and behavior, and the range of the variables within the organisation. The principal idea is that any part of an organisations activities affects all others parts. The business organisation is an open system, there is continual interaction with the broader external environment of which it is part. The systems approach views the organisation within its total environment and emphasies the importance of multiple channels of interaction. The systems approachs views the organisation as a whole and involves the study of the organisations in terms of the relationships between technical and social variables within the system. The contingency approach This approach explain that the most appropriate structure and system pf management is therefore dependent upon the contingencies of the situation for each particular organisation, this approach implies that the organisation theory shouldn’t seek to suggest one best way to structure or manage organisation but should provide insights into the situational and contextual factors which influence management decisions. Other approaches to the study of organisations: -The decision-making...
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...Chapter 1: Two Different Worldviews The Framework of Individual Psychology The Framework of Systemic Family Therapy Basic Concepts of Systems Theory and Cybernetics Family Therapy or Relationship Therapy? Summary Chapter 2: The Historical Perspective Planting the Seeds: The 1940s Cybernetics Development of Interdisciplinary Approaches Gregory Bateson Putting Down Roots: The 1950s Bateson (Continued) The Double-Bind Hypothesis Nathan Ackerman Murray Bowen Carl Whitaker Theodore Lidz Lyman Wynne Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy John Elderkin Bell Christian F. Midelfort Overview of the 1950s The Plant Begins to Bud: The 1960s Paradigm Shift The MRI Salvador Minuchin Other Developments Blossom Time: The 1970s Psychodynamic Approaches Natural Systems Theory Experiential Approaches Structural Approaches Strategic Approaches Communication Approaches Behavioral Approaches Gregory Bateson Connecting and Integrating: The 1980s Other Voices The Limits of History Controversy, Conflict, and Beyond: The 1990s The Feminist Critique Family Therapy and Family Medicine Integration and Metaframeworks Managed Care The Twenty-First Century: Continuing Concerns and Emerging Trends Summary Chapter 3: The Paradigmatic Shift of Systems Theory A Cybernetic Epistemology Recursion Feedback Morphostasis/Morphogenesis Rules and Boundaries Openness/Closedness ...
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...authors discuss how street gangs, which are highly complex, open and ongoing social systems with structures, processes and functionality, can be compared to family systems using a systemic and holistic perspective in order to provide professionals with a better understanding and more effective intervention. They discuss many of the motivations that individuals have to join gangs such as looking for closeness, cohesion, and acceptability as well as obtaining a sense of esteem, stability and connectedness that they are unable to obtain from other systems. After describing the demographics and different types of street gangs, Ruble and Turner (2000), apply the “same concepts that are used to describe family systems, such as hierarchies, subsystems and suprasystems, entropy and negentropy, boundaries, communication, and homeostatsis (Broderick, 1990; Minuchin, 1974; Walsh, 1982), to street gangs. They conclude that because gangs function based on an interrelatedness that connects every aspect of gang life together within a complex web of interactions, researchers and professional who seek to provide effective intervention programs must aim to approach street gangs from a holistic and systematic perspective. Points of Agreement with Systems Theory Ruble and Turner are consistent in their theoretical application of the concepts found in family systems theory. For example, the family systems concept of hierarchies is explored. In families, parents are in the executive position...
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...first lectures of the course show an empirical and theoretical view of the major principles of the organizational design as well as the alternative design forms. The stakeholders, both insiders and outsiders, and their behavior or relations of cooperation and competition suppose an analysis need that provides them of a huge importance. I also realize about the importance of the agency theory and the problems and remedies caused, improving the importance of efficient corporate governance. This need of a good organization is solved by the systems theory, ”Organizations are systems of interdependent activities linking shifting coalitions of participants; the systems are embedded in – dependent on continuing exchange with and constituted by – the environments in which they operate”. (Scott, 1998:28). The systems which formed the organization have a common target and are classified in three levels based on their relevance. Both, stakeholders and systems, needs an analysis in order to get success in our procedures and adapt the venture structure to the different organizational designs provided in the lectures. After understanding these concepts, the lectures focused on the relation between the main management factors (Vision and mission) and the drivers analyzed, providing goals and strategies to the organization. As important as the creative process is the analysis to know the organizational boundaries, which let the organization look for available goals based on the efficiency and effectiveness...
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...for watching video? Can you identify any shortcomings of the device? 2. Compare the capabilities of the Kindle to the iPad. Which is a better device for reading books? Explain your answer. 3. Would you like to use an iPad or Kindle for the books you use in your college courses or read for pleasure instead of traditional print publications? Why or why not? II Porter’s competitive forces model helps companies develop competitive strategies using information systems. In this context answer the following questions: 1. Define Porter’s competitive forces model and explain how it works. 2. Describe what the competitive forces model explains about competitive advantage. 3. List and describe four competitive strategies enabled by information systems that firms can pursue. 4. Describe how information systems can support each of these competitive strategies and give examples. 5. Explain why aligning IT with business objectives is essential for strategic use of systems. III Discussion Questions 1. It has been said that there is no such thing as a sustainable competitive advantage. Do you agree? Why or why not? 2. It has been said that the advantage that leading-edge retailers such as Dell and Wal-Mart have over their competition isn’t technology; it’s their management. Do you agree? Why or why not? 3. What are some of the issues to consider in determining whether the Internet would provide your business with a...
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...Organizations as a system. A system is a whole made up of parts. Each part can affect the way other parts work and the way all parts work together will determine how well the system works. when can look at business organization as a system because it conforms to the system definition; it recognizes the interrelationships of people, processes, decisions and designs organizational structure in order to realize its projected economic goal. An organization with a good designed system will requires an understanding of how all the parts (for instance, HR department, production department, logistic department, finance department, sales department, marketing department, IT department …etc) fit together as a whole, an intimate understanding of the parts themselves for a better understanding of endogenous event and a full awareness of the organization’s environment including the other external systems to which it is connected to better prepare for exogenous changes. Some hypothetical problems that disrupt the balance of the an organization would be a coordination or communication issue between departments, for instance HR department not selecting adequate candidate for a specific job skill because it did not have all relevant information about the job, or for instance marketing department lunches a new product without integrating logistic department in the project which may cause delays of production and order fulfillment issues. Another issue that may disrupt the balance of the system is exogenous...
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...PubMed Abstract: Retroviral capsid proteins are conserved structurally but assemble into different morphologies. The mature human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) capsid is best described by a 'fullerene cone' model, in which hexamers of the capsid protein are linked to form a hexagonal surface lattice that is closed by incorporating 12 capsid-protein pentamers. HIV-1 capsid protein contains an amino-terminal domain (NTD) comprising seven α-helices and a β-hairpin, a carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) comprising four α-helices, and a flexible linker with a 310-helix connecting the two structural domains. Structures of the capsid-protein assembly units have been determined by X-ray crystallography; however, structural information regarding the assembled capsid and the contacts between the assembly units is incomplete. Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a tubular HIV-1 capsid-protein assembly at 8 Å resolution and the three-dimensional structure of a native HIV-1 core by cryo-electron tomography. The structure of the tubular assembly shows, at the three-fold interface, a three-helix bundle with critical hydrophobic interactions. Mutagenesis studies confirm that hydrophobic residues in the centre of the three-helix bundle are crucial for capsid assembly and stability, and for viral infectivity. The cryo-electron-microscopy structures enable modelling by large-scale molecular dynamics simulation, resulting in all-atom models for the hexamer-of-hexamer and pentamer-of-hexamer...
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