...The reconstruction era was from 1865 to 1877. The reconstruction era was exactly what it sounds like; a time a reconstruction. This was a time where rebuilding the United States was vital for the success of letting the south become a part of the Union again. Temporary governors that were army generals were placed in the South. In the end of 1863 Lincoln formulated a plan to re-establish governments in states liberated from Confederate rule (583). Lincolns plan, at the end of 1863, consisted of Amnesty and Reconstruction. Any confederate state could achieve this if there is a number equal to 10 percent of those who scored allegiance to construction and the union in 1860. Pardons were denied for the following; Confederate government officials,...
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...The reconstruction era was a time of change, and growth for all parts of the country. Following the civil war, the US was in need of healing, and major social as well as constitutional improvements. In the time period from 1860 to 1877, social and legal developments contributed to sustaining continuity as well as promoting change within the US. These changes and continuities were vital to the continuation of our country and would shape the US for decades to come. State’s rights and the different opinions of the nation on this topic caused most of the tension during this time. The north believed a union of the country, abolition of slavery, and had a more industrial economy. Meanwhile, the south believed in slavery, had an agricultural based...
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...“Unfinished revolution” Reconstruction for the United States has been constantly changing American for future generations. The “Reconstruction Era” lasted from 1865-1877 changing the north, south, and policies that shaped the American culture. With these changes, there is always unfinished business. We see to this day the legacies that uphold from reconstruction. These legacies include southern freedom, the nation money hunger, and the new amendments. We are still fighting for what President Abraham Lincoln once started. This promising revolution provided legacies for the upcoming generations that pushes towards reconstruction still to this day. “I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated states, and parts...
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...Veer Shah AP United States History DBQ Essay #3: “American period between 1860-1880” The historic period prior to the 1860s was the most underlying era in American society as it led to the bloodiest war in the American history, the Civil war. Prior to the Civil war, the American politics were sectionally divided between the Northern Republicans and the Southern Democrats. The political culture was almost saturated as both sections had realized that the numerous compromises would only provoke questions and dissimilarities between them, with the largely interfered question of slavery and suffrage. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 had been implemented as a nationwide direction towards admitting states with reference the 36° 30´ latitude line, either as a free-state (above line) or as a slave state (below the line). Despite of the temporary success of the compromise of 1820, it was repealed by the Stephen A. Douglas in 1854 in his Kansas-Nebraska Act. Likewise, the Compromise of 1850, created by the Great Compromiser, Henry Clay, was an effort to preserve the Union by settling the issue of slavery in the newly acquired territories from the Mexican-American War. Although it assured a temporary peaceful settlement between the sections, it failed to give birth to the Civil war and the rise in sectionalism. Although all these compromises had served their desired intents, politically as well as socially, in turn, they only played a catalyst role in increasing the tensions...
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...computers, and society’s dependency on them, risks to privacy, identity, and credible information have been introduced. One should be more suspicious of the benefits associated with using computers and should understand the inherent risks associated with storing personal identity information, online transactions, and unfiltered information on the Internet. Unfinished Business The Civil War ended in 1865 with the North defeating the South and, as a result of the defeat, the South had been removed from the Union. At the time our president was Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln needed to come up with a plan to bring the South back into the Union. This period after the war came to be known as “The Reconstruction”. During the reconstruction many events took place that would change the way the present day U.S. is. There were major turning points during this period which would have long lasting impacts on American society, the American economy, politics, and culture. Identify 3 major historical turning points. The following paragraphs will explore the major turning points during the period, their impacts on the modern day U.S., how things may have been different had Lincoln not been assassinated, the affects of industrialization and urbanization, and will provide examples of laws that were passed against non-whites. There were many significant developments during the period between 1865 and 1900. Of those three that were significant were the establishment...
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...The Radical Reconstruction period from1868 to1877 provided suffrage to the African American community in tremendous ways. This Reconstruction period provided new prospects for the African American community for example, voting, labor, ownership of property, education and restoration of family life. In addition, to providing many opportunities the Radical Reconstruction made it very challenging for African American’s to take advantage of their “freedom”. In this paper my aim is to prove that African American women were relentless individuals, who controlled voting in southern African American communities through the use of their counterparts. Furthermore, African American women overcame the challenges that came along with the opportunities’ that were given during the reconstruction period, they utilized many strategies particularly violent ones. Elsa Barkley Brown article The Labor of Politics, substantially supports my argument. Brown provides numerous testimonies and examples of how African American women manipulated the vote through African American men. Throughout the article Brown uses African American women to emphasize her argument that ex-slaves developed their politics differently from their white Republicans allies. After the Civil War African American’s reconceptualizatize their role to vote in politics and one may wonder how can a group of people who have been recently emancipated do such a thing? Well Brown argues that the Black Richmonders, operated in two different...
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...Reconstruction and the West Tajah Rubiera HIS 120/U.S History 1865-1945 January 20, 2014 Nick Weeks Reconstruction and the West The South “Some historians argue that Radical Reconstruction was not radical enough” (HIS 120 syllabus). Many would argue saying that the Radical Reconstruction was not radical enough because it did not “redistribute land to freed slaves, it did not provide black people with guaranteed access to education, it did not forbid racial segregation, and it did not call for absolute racial equality for black and white people” (Shultz, 2012). However, the Radical Reconstruction made some great progress and radically forced the south into submission. It also lead to the adoption of the 14th and 15th amendments. The Radical Reconstruction began when Congress overrode President Johnson’s veto over the Civil Rights bill. This would be the start of many overriding vetos made by the men in Congress. The first order of business was to create and introduce what would be known as the Fourteenth Amendment. This amendment “barred Confederate leaders from ever holding public office in the United States, gave Congress the right to reduce the representation of any state that did not give black people the right to vote, and declared that any person born or naturalized in the United States was, by that very act, an American citizen deserving of equal protection of the law” (Shultz, 2012). After congress passed this amendment it went to the states for ratification....
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...Abstract In this essay you will learn about the civil war, reconstruction, the progressive era, the great depression, and the civil rights era. Also the American Anti-Slavery and Civil rights Timeline, 1854-1896 during the civil war era. Identify and describe two examples of the U.S. Authority Expansion between the beginning of the U.S. Civil War and the end of the Civil War Era? (1) The twelve years following the Civil War carried consequences for the nation’s future. Reconstruction helped set the pattern for future race relations and defined the federal government’s role in promoting equality. This section describes President Lincoln’s and Johnson’s plan to readmit the confederate states to the Union as well as the more stringent Congressional plan; it also describes the power struggle between President Andrew Johnson and congress, including the vote over the president’s impeachment. This section also identifies the groups that ruled the southern state governments from 1866-1877 and explains why Reconstruction ended in 1877. (2) Immediately following the war, all-white Southern legislatures passed black code which denied blacks the right purchase or rent land. These efforts to force former slaves to work on plantations led Congressional Republicans to seize control of Reconstruction from President Andrew Johnson, deny representatives from the former Confederate states their Congressional seats, and pass the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and draft...
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...Guide 1 – Reconstruction The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution officially outlaws slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is one of the post-Civil War amendments and it includes the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses. It defines who is a citizen of the US. The 14th amendment states that states must provide equal protection to all people. The Fifteenth Amendment (Amendment XV) to the United States Constitution prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (for example, slavery). The Civil Rights Act of 1866, 14 Stat. 27, enacted April 9, 1866, is a federal law in the United States that was mainly intended to protect the civil rights of African-Americans, in the wake of the American Civil War. The Act was enacted by Congress in 1865 but it was vetoed by President Andrew Johnson. The Freedmen's Bureau Bill, which created the Freedmen's Bureau, was initiated by President Abraham Lincoln and was intended to last for one year after the end of the Civil War. Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 – July 31, 1875) was the 17th President of the United States (1865–1869). As Vice President of the United States in 1865, he succeeded Abraham Lincoln following his assassination. Johnson then presided over the initial and contentious Reconstruction era of the United...
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...Reconstruction: The Post War Era Lindsay Pone Professor Goldstein History 105 Strayer University 01/30/2013 Reconstruction: The Post Civil War Era Friday April 12, 1861, America embarked into war with its biggest adversary; America! The American Civil War broke out, and what was believed to be a quick battle by the North, turned out to be a long bloody four years and left the country devastated. President Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States, successfully lead this country through its greatest constitutional, military and moral crisis. Everything he did was in the best interest in preserving this nation to what it is today. If President Lincoln task of preserving the union would have failed, our nation would be a split nation today. All the events of the Civil War are what truly shaped the face of America today. The President knew that if he wanted to preserve this nation as a whole, not only would he have to win the war, but he would have to have a plan in place to immediately fix the nation to help it move forward from war. During his time in the white house and towards the end of the war, when it was evident the North would prevail, he worked on a reconstruction plan to get the South up and moving. During the war, the northern armies had gone through the South destroying everything that would help the south to prevail in the war. The agricultural belt that was the strength of the was nothing more than ashes as...
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...Assuming the role of a Radical Republican Senator including arguing the Radical Republicans position of Reconstruction requires examining the highlights of Andrew Johnson’s Reconstruction views for the Union, which include developing an oath under which Caucasian southerners would have to accept upon regaining personal civil including political rights furthermore all property excluding slaves would be given back to the owners. Confederate hierarchies including individuals whose property was worth a specific amount of money were discounted from taking the oath in which these individuals had to apply for an independent pardon. Under Johnson’s plan states had draft new congress including the election of state officials including congress for recognition of new state government and martial law retracted from the state. Ex-confederates influenced Andrew Johnson by methods of threatening his life, which made Johnson conform to ex-confederate influences by writing pardon after pardon while in the public spotlight Andrew Johnson’s proclaim to Reconstruction was complete. Deriving from Johnson’s absurd claim were few followers representing Moderate Republicans who conformed to Johnson while possessing some views similar to Radical Republicans who openly opposed Andrew Johnson’s Reconstruction methods. Radical Republicans idea of Reconstruction centralized on making a mirror copy of the North out of the South while Moderate Republicans hold no regard for social revolution or equality...
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...The Reconstruction period began during the Civil War with President Lincoln offering his plan for reunifying the Unites States with his “Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction”. As the Civil War ended, the Confederates surrendering to the Union started the real reconstruction of the South. President Lincoln established the Freedom Bureau to contribute to the reconstruction before he had been assassinated. President Johnson took over the reconstruction and the 13th Amendment was ratified later that year. In the southern states black codes were enacted giving African American hard time against the Whites until granted full citizen through the Civil Right Act. The Ku Klux Klan was founded that same year to help harm and intimated the southern states for their rights. In 1867, Congress vetoed President Johnson violating the Tenure of Office Act and the reconstruction was handed over to Congress. This period was known as the Congressional Reconstruction. The first reconstruction act divided the South in five military districts and ordered Southern states to call for a new constitutional convention. In 1868, President Johnson was impeach by the House but failed by one vote by the Senate to be convicted but stood in office losing majority of his power as president. Through the Congressional Reconstruction, the 14th and 15th Amendment was ratified, most southern states had readmitted into the Union, and a new president, Ulysses S. Grant, was elected. The struggle in the South continues...
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...Planz Strayer University Contemporary U.S. History HIS 105 Professor Regan Smith January 27, 2013 America's Post-Civil War Growing Pains This paper will address the period from Reconstruction through widespread industrialization in the Western United States during the time period of 1865 – 1900. 1. Identify at least (2) two major historical turning points in the period under discussion. The year 1865 began an era of presidential reconstruction. Upon Lincoln’s assassination, Andrew Johnson became president. During this time he unveiled his plan for Reconstruction: (1) scrapping the “40-acres-and-a-mule” plan suggested in the charter of the Freedmen’s Bureau and (2) creating a tough loyalty oath that many southerners could take in order to receive a pardon for their participation in the rebellion (Schultz, 2012, p. 278). Many southern states returned Confederate leaders to political power and they went onto create “black codes” modeled on the slave codes that existed prior to the Civil War (Schultz, 2012, p. 279). Johnson did nothing to prevent the South from re-imposing these conditions on the black population (Schultz, 2012, p. 279). This led The Radical Republican party made up of northerners since no southerners were in congress yet, a time known as Radical Reconstruction. The Radical Republicans moved swiftly to pass the important Civil Rights Act, which counteracted the South’s new black codes (Schultz, 2012, p. 279). A second historical event, The Industrial...
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...Assignment 1: Reconstruction and Race Relations 1865, slavery was Abolished from the from the Thirteenth Amendment that was approved In January, Congress created The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned land also known as The Freedmen’s Bureau in March, this bureau was created to assist Southern blacks and whites in the transition from society based slavery to freedom from the south for one year. The resone for this was that Southern whites wanted to continue their way of life without interference of the northern government; they wanted the blacks to be binded to the plantations. In this time of 1865 a lot of important History Events took place The Assassination of President Lincoln, Andrew Johnson becomes President, Lee surrenders to Grant, and Mississippi created The Black Codes. Although the Thirteenth Amendment outlawed slavery, the whole “freed blacks” was very much unresolved in the South. Now the white power structure in the South wanted to keep their way of life as close to what it was as possible, so under the mild Reconstruction policies of President Johnson they where able to reestablish order to the Confederate states with these codes. The Black Codes were designed to limit newly freed blacks’ activity so that they were available for work. For example a lot of states made sure that Blacks to sign yearly labor contracts, and if they didn’t they risk confinement or vagrants and could be forced or fined into unpaid labor. In the winter of 1865-1866 the...
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...The essay below was a very strong essay answering the question about Reconstruction. It was an actual essay (word for word) written by one of the students in class. It received 28.5 points out of 30. This was a great essay; about the only comment I would write was that the thesis in the introduction could have been a little more direct: As a country, America has gone though many political changes throughout her lifetime. Leaders have come and gone, all of them having different objectives and plans for the future. As history takes its course, though, most all of these “revolutionary movements” come to an end. One such movement was Reconstruction. Reconstruction was a time period in America consisting of many leaders, goals and accomplishments. Though, like all things in life, it did come to an end, the resulting outcome has been labeled both a success and a failure. When Reconstruction began in 1865, a broken America had just finished fighting the Civil War. In all respects, Reconstruction was mainly just that. It was a time period of “putting back the pieces”, as people say. It was the point where America attempted to become a full running country once more. This, though, was not an easy task. The memory of massive death was still in the front of everyone’s mind, hardening into resentment and sometimes even hatred. The south was virtually non-existent politically or economically, and searching desperately for a way back in. Along with these things, now living...
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