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Reducing Childhood Obesity Starts at School

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Obesity, and more specifically childhood obesity, has recently been receiving a great deal of attention by society, but the severity of the obesity crisis seems to be less understood. Obesity in the United States has been deemed a “critical public health threat” (Wang et al., 2008, p. 620) for three reasons. First, overweight children are more likely to grow up to be overweight or obese adults. Second, obesity among adults causes health related problems such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, stroke, several cancers, and other health related issues that can result in premature death. Third, in 2000, the United States spent $117 billion dollars towards obesity (Wang et al., 2008, p. 620). Considering this chain of events often begins in childhood, reducing obesity in children could dramatically change the frequency of obesity in the future. Jamie Oliver, celebrity chef and advocate for stopping the obesity crisis, (2010) suggests that the frequency of obesity in children is related to three main external factors: the home, the school and, what he refers to as ‘Main Street’– corporations and businesses in the food industry. In the United States, it is estimated that 31 million children each day each breakfast, lunch or both at school and spend half of their days of the year there (Oliver, 2010). This substantial amount of time spent and meals eaten at school indicates the vast impact the school has on children. Obesity, in simple terms, is essentially caused by a caloric imbalance, where greater quantities of calories are consumed than are expended (O’Toole, Anderson, Miller, & Guthrie, 2007). Preventing obesity amounts to controlling calorie consumption and increasing calorie expenditure. Therefore, food and physical activity programs implemented in schools are the most effective ways to change the frequency of obesity in children. As a result, these programs need

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