...The term organized crime has become well known during recent years. Primarily through movies, television shows, and news reports. When a person hears the term organized crime, they think of the mob from movies like godfather, goodfellas, and scarface. However; those movies are just a glorified representation of what organized crime actually is and the reality of organized crime and its impact of society is much more disturbing than anything Hollywood or story writers can develop. The purpose of this paper is to define and discuss what organized crime is, why it develops and why members of society are drawn to engage in it. This paper will also discuss the problems related to organized crime’s impact on society and the limitations the government faces when trying to eradicate this type of criminal activity. In addition, the laws and tools law enforcement uses to combat organized criminal activity will be explored and how those laws and tools can be expanded on to offer a viable solution in controlling organized crime. Organized Crime Described The simplest definition of organized crime can be 1. Widespread criminal activities, such as prostitution, interstate theft, or illegal gambling, that occur within a centrally controlled formal structure. 2. The people and the groups involved in such criminal activities. (thefreedictionary.com). This definition is what makes the difference between criminal activity conducted by an individual and criminal activity conducted by a group...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Chris Abney CJA/384 Nov 8, 2014 Professor Gregory Reynolds Controlling Organized Crime Organized crime generated an estimated $870 billion dollars of the global economy and this is equivalent to approximately 7% of the world’s exports in merchandise according to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. This is quite a substantial amount of money that has been drained form our economy that’s already suffering from the recent recession. The problems caused by organized crime and the relationships established will be covered along with the legal limitations associated with combating these efforts. Major federal laws such as the RICO Act will be addressed along with the strategies that support those efforts will be explained along with a solution to controlling organized crime by addressing many key factors. Organized crime is a nuisance to society and efforts to reduce this type of crime must not be taken lightly in order to maintain control here in the United States of America. Many issues are caused by organized crime such as higher crime rate, danger within the community, corruption of political officials, and can weaken the economy. These issues caused by organized crime and the association between organized crime and terrorism is becoming quite similar. After the attack on September 11th the efforts of cutting funds to the terrorist groups increased and many country’s that were financing these groups quit due to the destruction...
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...Controlling Organized Crime Paper When carefully considering how to define the term “organized crime” an individual concludes it is a group of individuals from the same or different ethnic backgrounds and transnational groups operate as a working network that may include politicians and legitimate businesses. Criminal organization characteristics are a topic throughout this document. These four theories, Social control, alien conspiracy, strain and anomie, and differential association are also topics in the document to provide a clear understanding of the development of criminal organizations. Complications as a result of criminal organizations, combatting organized crime with limited limitations, and federal laws supporting the efforts of anti-crime. A recommendation of gaining control over organized crime is also a topic in this document. Several theories can assist law enforcement, society, researchers, and professionals by providing an insight into the early development stages of criminal organization. Each theory has facts, research, and statistics to support the theories. The data collection provides an in-depth understanding why an organized crime group’s flourish and the reason these individual engage in criminal behavior. Additionally, theories assist law enforcement with determining a demographic area and individuals at risk of engaging in organized crime. Social Control Theory The social control theory suggests that links to a person’s family and neighborhood...
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...Siena, Palazzo Pubblico Sala dei Nove 1337-1340 Declaration This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing, which is the outcome of work done in collaboration. Chapter 3, “Complexity, TOC and Terrorism”, was presented in an embryonic form at the ISA conference in Chicago, USA, March 2007. Chapter 4, “Organised Crime”, is the further elaboration of a chapter of the same title published in 2007 in the Oxford Handbook on the United Nations Statement of Length The dissertation does not exceed the word limit of 80,000 words Fieldwork Thailand (money laundering); Indonesia and Burma (deforestation); New York (US money supply); Washington DC and Fort Worth, Texas (Organised Crime linked to terrorist funding); Australia (Sydney, (APG) and Canberra (money laundering, South Pacific); and Rome, Italy (Chinese organised crime). Contact Frank.Madsen@cantab.net Abstract Through an analysis of the presence and nature of international monetary flows of non-declared origin and their relation to deviant knowledge, the thesis determines that both terrorism and organised crime are nurtured by a constant trickle from minor sources rather than by large financial transfers; and that anti-money laundering provisions are misapplied, taken too far, too expensive, and incapable of demonstrating their effectiveness. In lieu of more traditional policy recommendations, the thesis develops a complexity-theory based...
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...Russian people. One such problem is organized crime. Organized crime during Soviet rule and the Russian Federation has created obstacles in this transition to a functioning market economy. This transition from the USSR to the Russian Federation has impaired Russia’s attempts at a market economy. It has worked its way through openings provided by the transition economy to become a setback to the Russian society and economy. Organized crime disables successful economic reform by influencing important issues such as competition, entrepreneurship, capital flight, the shadow economy, and violence. The major roots of organized crime in Russia go back to the middle of the twenty century. As early as the 1970’s, the Russian mafia had advanced to the status of primary protectors and beneficiaries in the robust Soviet shadow economy. By 1991, organized crime had expanded to form over 700 gangs in the Russian republic alone. This expansion was aided by Perestroika’s, a political movement within the Communist Party, opening up of market opportunities. In Leningrad, as much as ninety percent of the cooperatives produced by the liberal policies of Perestroika were deeply involved with organized crime. Specifically, two characteristics of the USSR were integral in the development of a powerful organized crime syndicate. These were an excessive bureaucratic power and the presence of illegal markets. This excessive bureaucratic power facilitated organized crime by providing a basis for corruption...
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...План-конспект вечера общения в 9 «Б» классе Метод: игровой. Форма: чаепитие с играми и конкурсами. Цели: Практическая – 1. Развитие навыков говорения в непринужденной для учеников обстановке. Воспитательные – 1. Формирование благоприятной психологической обстановки в классе. 2. Снятие психологического напряжения. Развивающие - 1. Развитие умения работать в команде. 2. Развитие воображения и логического мышления. Оборудование: распечатки с играми и конкурсами, призы для конкурсов. Часть вечера | Содержание | Форма работы | Время | Приветствие | This year’s first academic quarter is finished. Today we are going to have a . We hope that it will leave good memories. | Учитель - Ученик | 2-3 мин. | Игра «Крокодил» | Let’s play the game “Crocodile”. One of the students thinks of a word and shows it using gestures, pose, etc. Other students should guess the word. | Учитель – Ученик,Ученик1 – Ученик2 | 15 мин. | Игра «Стулья» | Let’s play the game “Chairs”. A few chairs are put in a line. The number of chairs is one less than the students involved in the game. When music is turned on, the students start to walk around the chairs. When the music stops, the students should take free sits. One who doesn’t take a sit should leave the game. One chair should be removed. The chairs should be removed as long as there will be one student. | Учитель – Ученик,Ученик1 – Ученик2 | 15 мин. | Игра «Мафия» | Let’s play the game “Mafia”. The host hands out the playing cards face down...
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...Organized Crime and Cyber-Crime: Implications for Business Phil Williams, CERT® Coordination Center Introduction The capabilities and opportunities provided by the Internet have transformed many legitimate business activities, augmenting the speed, ease, and range with which transactions can be conducted while also lowering many of the costs. Criminals have also discovered that the Internet can provide new opportunities and multiplier benefits for illicit business. The dark side of the Internet involves not only fraud and theft, pervasive pornography and pedophile rings, but also drug trafficking and criminal organizations that are more concerned about exploitation than the kind of disruption that is the focus of the intruder community. In the virtual world, as in the real world, most criminal activities are initiated by individuals or small groups and can best be understood as “disorganized crime.” Yet there is growing evidence that organized crime groups or mafias are exploiting the new opportunities offered by the Internet. Organized crime and cyber-crime will never be synonymous – most organized crime will continue to operate in the real world rather than the cyber-world and most cyber-crime will continue to be the result of individuals rather than criminal organizations per se. Nevertheless, the degree of overlap between the two phenomena is likely to increase considerably in the next few years. This is something that needs to be recognized by business...
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...Social Organized Crime Perspective In some communities organized crime is as much of a social institution as other legitimate functions. Often, the impact of organized crime can be hidden and not readily apparent to community members. In other cases the community may come to accept the organized criminal group for the benefits they provide. Understanding how organized crime meshes into the social fabric of a community is important to understanding how to fight against it. Just as important to understanding the social implications is understanding theories as to why individuals become involved in criminal activities and how criminal organizations function. Social Institution as it Relates to Organized Crime The first thing that must be understood when discussing how organized crime relates to social institutions is to define what a social institution is. In general a social institution can be described as a group of people joined together to achieve a goal. Communities are bound together by different kinds of social institutions like schools, banks, religious centers, law enforcement, businesses, etc. (Carlie, M. 2002). Communities are not bound together by strict lines on a map, but through social activities. Social institutions within the community provide the necessary support for daily living. When a social institution fails to fill a particular social need the door is opened for another institution to step in. Sometimes these voids are left open for a legitimate...
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...Personal Perception of Organized Crime Heather Kyzer CJA 384: Criminal Organizations April 23, 2013 Wm. Nelson Barnes Personal Perception of Organized Crime It estimated that by the FBI organized crimes contribute to more than one trillion United States Dollars annually in profit. Organized crimes come from all corners of the globe. The FBI work to disable these national and transnational syndicates with all capability possible by means of undercover investigations, confidential sources, surveillance, intelligence analysis, and sharing, other agency investigations, forensic accounting, and the power of racketeering statutes that help take down entire enterprises (Organized Crime, 2012). According to the FBI, “organized crime is defined as any group having some manner of a formalized structure and whose primary objective is to obtain money through illegal activities.” Organized crime groups maintain their structure through the use of violence, corrupt political officials, graft, extortion, and generally have a significant impact on the people with their location (Organized Crime, 2012). Personal perception of organized crime: When thinking about organized crime the envision that arises is that of a group of people, either one ethnic group or different races, which runs or control the neighborhood or even the entire city. The envision of drug selling, and other goods arises as well as individuals being murdered that interfere with these social structured individuals...
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...Cyber Crime has become a top priority for law enforcement on a local, state and federal level. We are becoming increasingly concerned about cyber threats, most particularly on computer intrusions and network attacks. Computer intrusions are becoming more commonplace, more dangerous and more sophisticated. Our nation’s critical infrastructure and our military’s command and control networks are most certainly being targeted by our enemies and other potential adversaries alike. Our companies are being targeted for insider information and our colleges and universities for their valuable research and development. All of that being said, cyber crime is hitting us at home as we are being targeted for fraud and identity theft and our children are often targeted by online predators. No one is immune to these cyber risks, individuals, countries, Fortune 500 companies and the neighborhood “Mom and Pop” store. These threats are evolving and expanding every day. It is important to be wary and safeguard information and cyber access by these fraudsters and predators. I am using the law enforcement perspective, one I am most familiar with, in this paper. Computer intrusions and network attacks can affect many different facets of national security and organizational information. It is clear that terrorists and their organizations are using the internet to recruit and maintain their strength. For example, in the Arabian Peninsula, Al Qaeda has produced a full-color, English language...
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...acquired respectability".[6] A wide variety of gangs, such as the Order of Assassins, the Damned Crew, Adam the Leper's gang, Penny Mobs, Indian Thugs, Chinese Triads, Snakehead, Japanese Yakuza, Irish mob, Pancho Villa's Villistas, Dead Rabbits, American Old West outlaw gangs, Bowery Boys, Chasers, the Italian mafia, Jewish mafia, and Russian Mafia crime families have existed for centuries. According to some estimates the Thuggee gangs in India murdered 1 million people between 1740 and 1840.[7] The 17th century saw London "terrorized by a series of organized gangs",[8] some of them known as the Mims, Hectors, Bugles, and Dead Boys. These gangs often came into conflict with each other. The members dressed "with colored ribbons to distinguish the different factions."[9] Many poor orphans in Victorian London survived by joining pick-pocketing gangs controlled by adult criminals.[citation needed] At the beginning of the 19th century, child criminals in Britain were punished in the same way as adults. They were sent to adult prisons, transported to the various Australian penal colonies, flogged, and sentenced to death for crimes such as petty theft.[10][11][12] All the major cities of Victorian England in the late 19th century had gangs.[13][14] Chicago had over 1,000 gangs in the 1920s.[15] These early gangs had reputations for many criminal activities, but in most countries could not profit from drug trafficking prior to drugs being made illegal by laws such as the 1912...
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...Social Organized Crime Perspective Paper Natalie Strauss CJA/384 09/24/13 Jessica Vesey “Social Institution is defined as an organizational system which functions to satisfy basic social needs by providing an ordered framework linking the individual to the larger culture” ("Tom Cravens.com", n.d.). This paper will provide more information as to how social institutions apply to organized crime, also which empirical and speculative theories are most applicable when applied to organized crime and criminal behavior. Social institutions can be applied to organized crime in various ways. Examining the Mafia, top leaders of the Mafia are referred to as “Bosses”, which sole responsibility is to control their family, find was to gain revenue, and meet with other bosses to discuss what is best for the family. Gangs can be applied to social institutions because the majority of the members were born into the gang life. Generation to generation, gangs recruit young males and females that are loyal and have the ability to work the streets. Both the Mafia and gangs have various traits in common, some of those traits are: They both control their own territory; all members must get an approval before any action takes place (murders, robberies). They all follow certain codes and by laws such as (no snitching), no dating each other’s wives or main women, no stealing from each other, and no conducting on the side deals for extra money. If any of these codes are death becomes the next option...
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...Controlling Organized Crime CJA/384 April 16, 2012 Controlling Organized Crime When many people think of the problems related to organized crime, the stories shown on television or in movies about Sicilian or Italian mafia comes to mind. In reality, the threat of this type of crime is much more widespread. The following explores the problems presented by organized crime, the legal limitations associated with combating organized crime, and suggestions to control organized crime by discussing and evaluating the effectiveness of organized crime prosecutions. Organized Crime Organized crime is nothing new; these groups have been around since the 1900s when Italian immigrants organized into what they called families. These groups maintained strict loyalty and tight lips, discussing their business with no one outside the family. Soon they were involved in the labor unions and bootlegging at the inception of the Prohibition (Repetto, 2007). Some consider these families traditional organized crime groups. New versions are considered nontraditional organized crime groups. Since the rise of the Mafia, other criminal organizations have surfaced using their power to corrupt businesses for personal gain and political strength. Everyday society is under attack by smaller criminal organizations working pipelines for drugs and weapons. These nontraditional groups are outlaw motorcycle gangs, Chinese triads, Columbian cartels, and urban street gangs (Lyman & Potter, 2007)...
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...Controlling Organized Crime * In this paper I am going to discuss identify the problems presented and the various relationships established by organized crime. Describe the legal limitations associated with combating organized crime, including a critique of major federal laws and strategies that support this effort. Suggest a realistic solution to control organized crime by discussing and evaluating the effectiveness of organized crime prosecutions. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * There are several problems surrounding organized crime. This first matter would be defining organized crime; the number one question is who and why people get involved in organized crimes, and how the organized crime can be controlled and/or stopped. Although there is a lot of support from the public through their support of many of the illegal goods, and services, and then the communities expect law enforcement to keep up and control the organized crime, but how can they when the people of the community support them by buying their goods. Some of the citizen of the United States thinks that organized crime can’t be stopped, but it should be controlled a little bit closer because it has a big impact on organized crime and are business more than what people think it does. There is a big lack of agreement around the term organized crime , this makes a lot...
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...law enforcement which was more involved with the communities due to the fact that officers walked the streets on patrol. They talked with the citizens and got to know the people within their communities. The result of this was a community that was not fearful and that was trusting of their justice system. Years ago there was not the forensics to aid in a case, at the same time there was not the technology that we have today. As for the forensics this was a hindrance because it made figuring out who the criminal actually was much harder. In the same right they did not have the technology of the criminals today, which at times can make it easier for law enforcement agencies to find the criminals. In the mid-1900s began such things as organized crime groups, prostitution, and the start of prohibition, gambling, and corruption on a larger scale. At this time many of the law enforcement officers, majors, judges, lawyers, and many more officials were corrupt, which caused an even larger problem with enforcing laws and catching the bad guy. At this time the citizens and society had no...
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