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Reebok Nfl Jerseys

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Submitted By Siobhan1511
Words 1948
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Question 1
What is the nature of uncertainty associated with player performance which directly influences demand for the player and team specific jerseys? What is Reebok’s market position? How can you characterize demand variability, seasonality, trend and term? How can you characterize the product? What kind of SC management approach would you associate with such a product and demand pattern? What happens with unmet demand? Which costs are most significant for Reebok?
Reebok heeft een exclusieve licentie voor het maken en produceren van de NFL licensed kleding, zoals de shirts die de spelers op het veld dragen, de kleding die buiten het veld wordt gedragen, schoenen en de NFL-branded appearel line.
De vraag hangt van de loop van het seizoen af, de vraag is het hoogt in augustus en september dat is vlak voordat het nieuwe seizoen begint. Later in het seizoen wordt de vraag gedreven door bijvoorbeeld kerst cadeaus en naar afwachting van de playoffs. Ook reageren de consumenten op transfers van spelers.
Al de officiële NFL shirts worden precies hetzelfde gemaakt, ze bevatten allemaal dezelfde hoeveelheid nylon en polyester. Alleen hebben alle teams andere kleuren combinaties en stijlen.
Ik zou een stochastisch single period gebruiken als SC management approach, omdat het erg lastig te voorspellen is wat de vraag wordt.
De vraag waar ze niet aan kunnen voldoen, gaat verloren. Een gedeelte kunnen ze opvangen door de blank jerseys, maar alles wat daar overheen gaat, gaat verloren.
De invertory costs zijn de hoogste kosten voor Reebok. Vooral als ze achterblijven met veel shirts die ze niet konden verkopen.

Question 2
Why could you use a newsvendor model for the NFL replica jerseys? That is, what are the characteristics of this problem which make it a good candidate for a newsvendor model.

De karakteristieken van een newsvendor model zijn: De onzekere vraag naar de jerseys en de productie daarvan. En het feit dat bepaalde items snel een hot item zijn of een out of date item. Na een seizoen zijn de meeste jerseys niet meer bruikbaar (perishable stock)
Look up the single period model in the slides of week 2 (Selling Christmas trees). Construct now a single period model exactly the same way for the New England Patriot jerseys, that is, only the “marginal profit = marginal cost” argument and terminology and NOT the overage / underage cost arguments which have not been introduced (neither in the book nor during the lectures). Please note that SOLELY those answers will be accepted which are conform these requirements!
Question 3
Start with the blank jerseys. Identify all cost components using the following notation: Reebok purchases blank jerseys from the CM at a cost of c1; c2 is the cost of printing a blank jersey at Reebok’s own warehouse in Indianapolis, p is the wholesale price Reebok receives for a dressed jersey, and v is the salvage price.
Reebok koopt de blank jerseys bij CM voor een prijs van $9,50 dit is c1.
De kosten om wat op een shirt te zetten zoals naam en nummer, zijn $2,40 dit is c2.
De prijs waarvoor het shirt verkocht word is $24.
De salvage price is 9,50 – 1,045 = $8,455.

Question 4
Determine a formula for the profit function with this exact notation and explain in detail what your formula means. Use further the notation D is demand, Q is the order quantity.

Winst formule:
(p x D- (c1 x Q + c2 x Q)) als D ≥ Q (stock out)
(p x D- (c1 x Q + c2 x Q) + v x (Q - D) als D < Q (excess inventory) Bij de eerste formule is het van belang dat je eerst de totale verkoop berekend door de prijs x de vraag te doen, dus p x D. Vervolgens moeten we de kosten van het kopen van de shirts en de kosten van het printen van de shirts x de totale verkoop doen, dus c1 x Q + c2 x Q. Vervolgens doen we de totale verkoop min de totale kosten.
Bij de tweede formule beginnen we wederom eerst et het berekenen van de totale verkoop door p x D te doen. Vervolgens is er een aanpassing bij de tweede formule, waarbij de salvage value moet worden gebruikt. In het geval van excess inventory hebben we shirts over die meegaan naar het volgende seizoen. De salvage value moet worden vermenigvuldigd met het aantal shirts wat over is gebleven na het seizoen, dus v x (Q-D)

Question 5
Using the profit function obtained in the previous step, determine a formula for the marginal profit and marginal loss with respect to Q, using the notation F(Q)=P{D≤Q}.
Marginal profit:
Verkocht: p-c
Geen verkoop: c-v
E [winst op verkoop van de shirts] = E [verlies op niet verkochte shirts]
P (D ≥ Q) x (p-(c1 + C2)) = P (D < Q) x (c-v)
(1 - P (D < Q)) x (p-(c1 + c2)) = P ( D < Q) x (c-v) p-(c1 + c2) = P (D < Q) x (c – v + p – (c1 + c2)
P (D < Q) = p – (c1 + c2) / p – v

De formule is F (Q) = P (D < Q) = p – (c1 + c2) / p – v

Question 6
Determine F(Q). Since F is the normal CDF, look up afterwards the corresponding z in the standard normal table. What would be the order quantity Q_B1 for blanks if you did not have any further considerations?
Bij deze vraag gebruiken we de formule van vraag 5.
P (D < Q) = p – (c1 + c2) / p – v
P (D < Q) = 24 – (9,50 + 2,40) / 24 – 8,46 = 12,10/ 15,54 = 0,7786
Vervolgens zoeken we de waarde van 0,7786 op in de z-tabel, dit geeft ons een z-waarde van 0,77
Qb1 = µ + z * σ µ = 23275 (het gemiddelde van alle ‘other players’ in de tabel) σ = 10474 (de standaarddeviatie van alle ‘other players’ in de tabel)
Qb1 = 23275 + 0,77 * 10474 = 31339,98
Qb1= 31340

Risk pooling
The quantity Q_B1 of blanks you would order under question 4, would only serve the expected demand of the non-star players. However, a smart supply chain manager will pursue to use risk pooling.
Based on expected demand for star players jersey’s, Reebok will order a corresponding order quantity with the CM’s. However, we assume that excess demand (remember that demand is highly uncertain with a large STD) cannot be backordered at the CM’s (too costly and too long delay) but can be printed instead at the Indianapolis facility. Blanks therefore are also used to satisfy excess demand for the star players: this is the risk pooling concept.
This means that order for blanks should be higher than Q_B1, depending on demand and order quantity for the star players’ dressed jerseys. You need to determine the new Q_B, step by step, as asked below. For this end you will use the following approximation: μ_B= μ_ns+〖ESC〗_1+ 〖ESC〗_2+⋯+ 〖ESC〗_6,
Where 〖ESC〗_1,…,〖ESC〗_6 are the excess demand for the six NEP star players, and μ_ns is the expected demand for the non-star players, or ‘other players’ . For the standard deviation of the blanks use the formula σ_B= μ_B⁄μ_ns *σ_ns. Consider further for the computation of ESCi that there are that year no other opportunities for ordering dressed jerseys from the CM’s, that is, the lead time L=1 year.

Question 7
Determine first the profit function for all six star players in the general form 〖"profit" 〗_i , i=1,…,6, exactly as before. We moeten de winst formule nu een klein beetje aanpassen doordat we rekening moeten houden met de ster spelers, we gebruiken hiervoor c3, wat de kosten zijn van een dressed jersey.
Winst formule:
(p x Di - c3 x Qi) + (Di – Qi) x (p – (c1 + c2)) als Di ≥ Qi (stock out)
(p x Di- (c3 x Qi) + v x (Qi - Di) als Di < Qi (excess inventory)
Bij de eerste formule berekenen we eerst de totale verkoop, p x D. We moeten deze keer wel rekening houden met de dressed jerseys, c3. Deze moeten we vermenigvuldigen met de order quantity en vervolgens van de totale verkoop afhalen. Ook moeten we kijken naar de vraag van de dressed jerseys, als deze namelijk groter is dan de hoeveelheid op voorraad, dus Di – Q dan moeten de blank jerseys gebruikt worden, vandaar het tweede gedeelte van de formule.
De tweede formule komt voor het grootste gedeelte overheen met de eerste, alleen moeten we bij deze formule wederom rekening houden met de salvage value. De salvage value heeft een waarde van $7 en moet dan vervolgens vermenigvuldigd worden met het aantal producten wat over is gebleven na een seizoen, Qi – D.

Question 8 Use the formula marginal profit = marginal cost based on your previous answer in order to determine 〖F(Q〗_i), and the corresponding safety factors z_i. (Since F(Q_i) is normal CDF, look up the corresponding z_iin the standard normal table.)
E [winst op verkoop van de shirts] = E [verlies op niet verkochte shirts]
P (Di ≥ Qi) x (p-(c1 + C2)) = P (Di < Qi) x (c3-v)
(1-P (Di < Qi)) x (p-(c1 + c2)) = P ( D < Q) x (c3-v) p-(c1 + c2) = P (Di < Qi) x (c3 – v) + (p – (c1 + c2))
P (Di < Qi) = p – (c1 + c2) / (c3-v) + (p – (c1 + c2))
De salvage value is in dit geval $7, doordat we kijken naar wat gegeven was voor de dressed jerseys.
P (Di < Qi) = 24 – (9,50 + 2,40) / (10,90 – 7) + (24 – (9,50 + 2,40)
P (Di < Qi) = 12,10/ 16 = 0,75625
= 0,7563 afgerond op 4 decimalen
Vervolgens zoeken we de waarde 0,7563 op in de z-tabel en dit geeft een z-waarde van 0,69

Question 9
Given the z_i determine now the optimal order quantities Q_i for each star player separately, considering the mean and standard deviation for the demand pattern of each dressed jersey.

We gebruiken bij deze vraag de z-waarde uit vraag 8, om de optimale order quantity voor elke ster speler te berekenen, we doen dit met de volgende formule: Q1 = µ + z * σ
Z= 0.69

Brady, Tom 30763 + 0,69 * 13843 = 40314,67 Q1= 40315
Law, Ty 10569 + 0,69 * 4756 = 13850,64 Q2= 13851
Brown, Troy 8159 + 0,69 * 3671 = 10691,99 Q3= 10692
Vinatieri, Adam 7270 + 0,69 * 4362 = 10279,78 Q4= 10280
Bruschi, Tedy 5526 + 0,69 * 3316 = 7814,04 Q5= 7815
Smith, Antowain 2118 + 0,69 * 1271 = 2994,3 Q6= 2995

Question 10
Explain what this z_i value means and what the reason is for this value!
De waarde van z geeft ons een schatting van hoeveel er van het gemiddelde van verschillen. Hierdoor kan je de optimale waarde van iets berekenen.

Question 11
Use the formulae with ESC given previously (μ_B= μ_ns+〖ESC〗_1+ 〖ESC〗_2+⋯+ 〖ESC〗_6,) in order to determine the demand for the blank jerseys when risk pooling is used.

(μ_B= μ_ns+〖ESC〗_1+ 〖ESC〗_2+⋯+ 〖ESC〗_6,)
Vervolgens gebruiken we deze formule om ESC te berekenen: ESC=STD x √(L+r)+L(z)
L= 1 jaar
Z = 0,69 door deze waarde op te zoeken in de standard normal table krijgen we een waarde van L(z) = 0,1453 µns = 23275 ( het gemiddelde van de ‘other players’ in de tabel)
ESC1 = 13843 x √1 x 0,1453 = 2011,39
ESC2= 4756 x √1 x 0,1453 = 691,05
ESC3= 3671 x √1 x 0,1453 = 533,40
ESC4= 4362 x √1 x 0,1453 = 633,80
ESC5= 3316 x √1 x 0,1453 = 481,81
ESC6= 1271 x √1 x 0,1453 = 184,68 µb = 23275 + 2011,39 + 691,05 + 533,40 + 633,80 + 481,81 + 184,68 = 27811,13
= 27812

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Adidas

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